diff --git a/docs/ai-review.md b/docs/ai-review.md
index 82b5350ce..717bddc10 100644
--- a/docs/ai-review.md
+++ b/docs/ai-review.md
@@ -137,6 +137,11 @@ Prefer the smallest safe optimization that preserves behavior.
 
 ## Tests and docs
 
+**Note**: carefully evaluate tests that involve creating database, users and deal with `GRANT` operations. If user is created within test 
+it must have secure random password. This password should never be logged or accessible externally. User should be deleted in the `finally` block. 
+If `GRANT` is executed then it must be against test database only. Question if `GRANT ALL` should be used. Test can be run against cloud instance, 
+and it is crucial to review what is created in database. Flag any unusual things in queries.
+
 Call out missing focused tests when a change affects:
 
 - public API behavior
diff --git a/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/JdbcDataTypeTests.java b/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/JdbcDataTypeTests.java
index e2dd6a025..ed0b00cb9 100644
--- a/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/JdbcDataTypeTests.java
+++ b/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/JdbcDataTypeTests.java
@@ -2863,12 +2863,23 @@ public void testJSONRead(String json, Object expected) throws Exception {
 
                 assertTrue(rs.next());
                 Object jsonObj = rs.getObject(1);
+                assertTrue(jsonObj instanceof Map, "JSON should be read as a Map");
+                Map<String, Object> jsonMap = (Map<String, Object>) jsonObj;
+                
                 if (expected == null) {
                     expected = jsonToClientMap(json);
                 }
-                assertEquals(jsonObj, expected);
+                Map<String, Object> expectedMap = (Map<String, Object>) expected;
+                
+                assertEquals(jsonMap, expectedMap);
+                for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : expectedMap.entrySet()) {
+                    assertTrue(jsonMap.containsKey(entry.getKey()), "Map should contain key: " + entry.getKey());
+                    assertEquals(jsonMap.get(entry.getKey()), entry.getValue(), "Values should match for key: " + entry.getKey());
+                }
+
                 assertTrue(rs.next());
                 Object emptyJsonObj = rs.getObject(1);
+                assertTrue(emptyJsonObj instanceof Map, "Empty JSON should be returned as Map");
                 assertEquals(emptyJsonObj, EMPTY_JSON);
                 assertFalse(rs.next());
             }
diff --git a/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/ReadonlyProfileTest.java b/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/ReadonlyProfileTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c34ed447
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jdbc-v2/src/test/java/com/clickhouse/jdbc/ReadonlyProfileTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package com.clickhouse.jdbc;
+
+import com.clickhouse.client.api.ClientConfigProperties;
+import com.clickhouse.client.api.internal.ServerSettings;
+import org.testng.Assert;
+import org.testng.SkipException;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
+import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.sql.Statement;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public class ReadonlyProfileTest extends JdbcIntegrationTest {
+
+    private String password;
+
+    @BeforeClass(groups = { "integration" })
+    public void setup() throws SQLException {
+        if (isCloud()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // Append fixed character classes so the random password satisfies server
+        // password-complexity policies (uppercase, lowercase, digit, special).
+        password = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "Aa1!";
+        com.clickhouse.client.ClickHouseServerForTest.beforeSuite();
+        try (Connection conn = getJdbcConnection();
+             Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
+            stmt.execute("CREATE SETTINGS PROFILE IF NOT EXISTS jdbc_test_profile_readonly_1 SETTINGS readonly=1");
+            stmt.execute("CREATE SETTINGS PROFILE IF NOT EXISTS jdbc_test_profile_readonly_2 SETTINGS readonly=2");
+            stmt.execute("DROP USER IF EXISTS jdbc_test_user_readonly_1");
+            stmt.execute("DROP USER IF EXISTS jdbc_test_user_readonly_2");
+            stmt.execute("CREATE USER jdbc_test_user_readonly_1 IDENTIFIED WITH plaintext_password BY '" + password + "' SETTINGS PROFILE jdbc_test_profile_readonly_1");
+            stmt.execute("CREATE USER jdbc_test_user_readonly_2 IDENTIFIED WITH plaintext_password BY '" + password + "' SETTINGS PROFILE jdbc_test_profile_readonly_2");
+            String db = getDatabase();
+            stmt.execute("GRANT SELECT ON " + db + ".* TO jdbc_test_user_readonly_1");
+            stmt.execute("GRANT SELECT ON " + db + ".* TO jdbc_test_user_readonly_2");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @AfterClass(groups = { "integration" })
+    public void teardown() throws SQLException {
+        if (isCloud()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try (Connection conn = getJdbcConnection();
+             Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
+            stmt.execute("DROP USER IF EXISTS jdbc_test_user_readonly_1");
+            stmt.execute("DROP USER IF EXISTS jdbc_test_user_readonly_2");
+            stmt.execute("DROP SETTINGS PROFILE IF EXISTS jdbc_test_profile_readonly_1");
+            stmt.execute("DROP SETTINGS PROFILE IF EXISTS jdbc_test_profile_readonly_2");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(groups = { "integration" })
+    public void testReadonly1CannotChangeSettings() throws Exception {
+        if (isCloud()) {
+            throw new SkipException("Should not be tested in cloud because creates users and profiles");
+        }
+        Properties properties = new Properties();
+        properties.setProperty("user", "jdbc_test_user_readonly_1");
+        properties.setProperty("password", password);
+        properties.put(ClientConfigProperties.serverSetting(ServerSettings.OUTPUT_FORMAT_BINARY_WRITE_JSON_AS_STRING), "1");
+        
+        try (Connection conn = getJdbcConnection(properties)) {
+            try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
+                 ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT 1")) {
+                Assert.fail("Should have thrown an exception because readonly=1 prevents changing settings");
+            }
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            Assert.assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Cannot modify"), "Exception message should indicate setting cannot be modified: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test(groups = { "integration" })
+    public void testReadonly2CanChangeSettings() throws Exception {
+        if (isCloud()) {
+            throw new SkipException("Should not be tested in cloud because creates users and profiles");
+        }
+        if (isVersionMatch("(,24.8]")) {
+            throw new SkipException("Old versions do not support JSON");
+        }
+
+        Properties properties = new Properties();
+        properties.setProperty("user", "jdbc_test_user_readonly_2");
+        properties.setProperty("password", password);
+        properties.put(ClientConfigProperties.serverSetting(ServerSettings.OUTPUT_FORMAT_BINARY_WRITE_JSON_AS_STRING), "1");
+        properties.put(ClientConfigProperties.serverSetting("allow_experimental_json_type"), "1");
+        
+        try (Connection conn = getJdbcConnection(properties)) {
+            try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
+                 ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT '{\"key\":\"value\"}'::JSON")) {
+                Assert.assertTrue(rs.next());
+                Assert.assertEquals(rs.getString(1), "{\"key\":\"value\"}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}