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<body class="quarto-light">
  <div class="reveal">
    <div class="slides">

<section id="title-slide" class="quarto-title-block center">
  <h1 class="title">2. Python Programming Review</h1>

<div class="quarto-title-authors">
<div class="quarto-title-author">
<div class="quarto-title-author-name">
Yi-Ju Tseng
</div>
</div>
</div>

</section>
<section id="review-introduction-to-computer-science-計算機概論" class="slide level2">
<h2>Review: Introduction to Computer Science 計算機概論</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Variables, Expressions, and Statements</strong> (PY4E Ch2)</li>
<li><strong>Conditional Execution</strong> (PY4E Ch3)</li>
<li><strong>Functions</strong> (PY4E Ch4)</li>
<li><strong>Iterations</strong> (PY4E Ch5)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<section id="variables-py4e-ch2" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Variables (PY4E Ch2)</h1>

</section>
<section id="variable-assignment" class="slide level2">
<h2>Variable Assignment</h2>
<ul>
<li>Use <code>=</code> to assign variables</li>
<li>Assignment Statements: <strong>Variable name</strong> <code>=</code> <strong>Value</strong> (Fix value/Constants, other variables)</li>
</ul>

<img data-src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:524/format:webp/0*16wn36oYFyUAsFOA.gif" class="r-stretch"><p><a href="https://wakeupcoders.medium.com/the-beginners-guide-to-python-variables-896ee1a95cc7">Source</a></p>
</section>
<section id="variable-assignment-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Variable Assignment</h2>
<div id="d62948e9" class="cell" data-execution_count="1">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb1-1"><a href=""></a>var1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"test"</span> <span class="co">#Assignment statement</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href=""></a>var2, var3 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"test2"</span>,<span class="st">"test3"</span></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(var1) <span class="co">#Print statement</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>test</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="890ab0ab" class="cell" data-execution_count="2">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb3-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(var2)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>test2</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="333d5c11" class="cell" data-execution_count="3">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb5-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(var3)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>test3</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="d9976676" class="cell" data-execution_count="4">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb7-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(var2<span class="op">+</span>var3)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>test2test3</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="variable-name-rules" class="slide level2">
<h2>Variable Name Rules</h2>
<ul>
<li>不可使用保留字Reserved Words
<ul>
<li>會變色的基本上都是保留字，如<code>True</code>, <code>False</code>等，在Python有功能的字串</li>
</ul></li>
<li>只能由<strong>數字</strong><code>0-9</code>、<strong>字母</strong><code>A-Z</code> <code>a-z</code>，或是<strong>底線</strong>組成<code>_</code>，且不可以數字開頭</li>
<li>大小寫敏感</li>
<li>建議要是看得懂的字</li>
</ul>
<div id="1149f960" class="cell" data-execution_count="5">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb9-1"><a href=""></a><span class="va">True</span></span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href=""></a><span class="va">False</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1225">
<pre><code>False</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="data-types-資料型態" class="slide level2">
<h2>Data Types 資料型態</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>文字 (text, string, character)</strong></li>
<li><strong>數值 (numeric)</strong></li>
<li><strong>布林變數 (Boolean, logic)</strong></li>
<li><strong>日期 (date)</strong></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="文字-text-string-character" class="slide level2">
<h2>文字 (text, string, character)</h2>
<ul>
<li>一般文字，使用<code>單引號</code>或<code>雙引號</code>標註，或是使用<code>str(文字內容)</code>宣告</li>
<li>就算內容為數字，只要使用雙引號標注，或是<code>str</code>宣告，即為文字型態（除非有做轉型）</li>
</ul>
<div id="610379b3" class="cell" data-execution_count="6">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb11-1"><a href=""></a>text1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"abcd"</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href=""></a>text2 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"10"</span></span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href=""></a>text3 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">str</span>(<span class="st">"xyz"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href=""></a>text4 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">str</span>(<span class="dv">100</span>)</span>
<span id="cb11-5"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>([text1, text2, text3,text4])</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>['abcd', '10', 'xyz', '100']</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="數值-numeric" class="slide level2">
<h2>數值 (numeric)</h2>
<p>包含<strong>整數 int</strong>與浮點數 float等型態。</p>
<p><strong>整數 int</strong>：正數或負數，無小數點</p>
<ul>
<li>直接指定，或是使用<code>int(數值)</code>宣告整數</li>
<li>若<code>數值</code>非整數，則<strong>無條件捨去</strong></li>
<li>若<code>數值</code>是文字型態，則強迫轉型</li>
</ul>
<div id="62099cff" class="cell" data-execution_count="7">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb13-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">10</span></span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href=""></a>int2 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>)</span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href=""></a>int3 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="fl">6.7</span>)</span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href=""></a>int4 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="fl">6.3</span>)</span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href=""></a>int5 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="st">"88"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb13-6"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>([int1, int2, int3, int4, int5])</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[10, 5, 6, 6, 88]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="數值-numeric-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>數值 (numeric)</h2>
<p>包含整數 int與<strong>浮點數 float</strong>等型態。</p>
<p><strong>浮點數 float</strong>：正數或負數，有小數點的數值</p>
<ul>
<li>直接指定，或是使用<code>float(數值)</code>宣告整數</li>
<li>若<code>數值</code>為整數，則<strong>自動增加小數點</strong></li>
<li>若<code>數值</code>是文字型態，則強迫轉型</li>
</ul>
<div id="e6490425" class="cell" data-execution_count="8">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb15-1"><a href=""></a>float1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">float</span>(<span class="dv">10</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href=""></a>float2 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">float</span>(<span class="fl">6.7</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href=""></a>float3 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">float</span>(<span class="st">"88.8"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>([float1, float2, float3])</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[10.0, 6.7, 88.8]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="布林變數-boolean-logic" class="slide level2">
<h2>布林變數 (Boolean, logic)</h2>
<p><code>True</code> or <code>False</code></p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<div id="150c91a3" class="cell" data-execution_count="9">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb17-1"><a href=""></a>a <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">1</span> <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="dv">2</span></span>
<span id="cb17-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(a)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>False</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<div id="5f246bff" class="cell" data-execution_count="10">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb19-1"><a href=""></a>b <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">1</span> <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">2</span></span>
<span id="cb19-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(b)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="日期-date" class="slide level2">
<h2>日期 (date)</h2>
<p>Python中並無內建的日期型態，必須使用<code>datetime</code>套件，使用前要記得載入（import）</p>
<div id="16d3cb83" class="cell" data-execution_count="11">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb21"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb21-1"><a href=""></a><span class="op">!</span>pip3 install datetime</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="2bd9d639" class="cell" data-execution_count="12">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb22"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb22-1"><a href=""></a><span class="im">import</span> datetime</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="日期-date-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>日期 (date)</h2>
<p>當需要用載入套件的功能時，結構為：<code>套件名稱</code>.<code>套件功能或資料類型</code>（可能有多層）</p>
<p>如<code>datetime</code>.<code>datetime.now()</code>：</p>
<ul>
<li>第一個datetime為套件名稱</li>
<li>第二個為套件內資料類型，有<code>date</code>, <code>time</code>, <code>datetime</code>等，可查閱<a href="https://docs.python.org/zh-tw/3/library/datetime.html#available-types">文件</a></li>
<li><code>.now()</code>為更進一步的功能（取得今日的<strong>日期物件</strong>）</li>
</ul>
<div id="ba64cbb9" class="cell" data-execution_count="13">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb23"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb23-1"><a href=""></a>today <span class="op">=</span> datetime.datetime.now()</span>
<span id="cb23-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(today)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025-02-11 18:26:28.282649</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="日期-date-2" class="slide level2">
<h2>日期 (date)</h2>
<p>取得日期後，<strong>日期物件</strong>有許多內建的功能</p>
<ul>
<li>如<code>.year</code>，<code>.month</code>等</li>
<li>可查閱<a href="https://docs.python.org/zh-tw/3/library/datetime.html#available-types">文件</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="76e20dd0" class="cell" data-execution_count="14">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb25"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb25-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(today)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025-02-11 18:26:28.282649</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="a5485435" class="cell" data-execution_count="15">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb27"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb27-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(today.year)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="04c34732" class="cell" data-execution_count="16">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb29"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb29-1"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(today.month)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="日期-date-3" class="slide level2">
<h2>日期 (date)</h2>
<p>也可直接新增指定日期物件，使用方法為：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>datetime.date(年,月,日)</code></li>
<li><code>datetime.datetime(年,月,日,時,分,秒)</code></li>
<li>時分秒不指定會直接使用預設值 (0時0分0秒)</li>
</ul>
<div id="baa4ffa9" class="cell" data-execution_count="17">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb31"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb31-1"><a href=""></a>newdate <span class="op">=</span> datetime.date(<span class="dv">2025</span>,<span class="dv">1</span>,<span class="dv">23</span>)</span>
<span id="cb31-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(newdate)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025-01-23</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="c05309c1" class="cell" data-execution_count="18">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb33"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb33-1"><a href=""></a>newdatetime <span class="op">=</span> datetime.datetime(<span class="dv">2025</span>,<span class="dv">1</span>,<span class="dv">23</span>,<span class="dv">18</span>,<span class="dv">45</span>,<span class="dv">59</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(newdatetime)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025-01-23 18:45:59</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="478808f6" class="cell" data-execution_count="19">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb35"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb35-1"><a href=""></a>newdatetime <span class="op">=</span> datetime.datetime(<span class="dv">2025</span>,<span class="dv">1</span>,<span class="dv">23</span>)</span>
<span id="cb35-2"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(newdatetime)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>2025-01-23 00:00:00</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="data-types-資料型態---recap" class="slide level2">
<h2>Data Types 資料型態 - Recap</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>文字 (text, string, character)</strong></li>
<li><strong>數值 (numeric)</strong></li>
<li><strong>布林變數 (Boolean, logic)</strong></li>
<li><strong>日期 (date)</strong></li>
</ul>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="conditional-execution-py4e-ch3" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Conditional Execution (PY4E Ch3)</h1>

</section>
<section id="operator-運算子" class="slide level2">
<h2>Operator 運算子</h2>
<ul>
<li><code>+</code>加 / <code>-</code>減 / <code>*</code>乘 / <code>/</code>除</li>
<li><code>&gt;</code>大於 / <code>&lt;</code>小於 / <code>==</code>等於 / <code>!=</code>不等於</li>
<li><code>and</code>且 / <code>or</code>或</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="加--減-乘-除" class="slide level2">
<h2>+加 / -減 / *乘 / /除</h2>
<div id="b0564253" class="cell" data-execution_count="20">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb37"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb37-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">10</span></span>
<span id="cb37-2"><a href=""></a>int2 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>)</span>
<span id="cb37-3"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>([int1, int2])</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[10, 5]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>Numeric Expressions</p>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<p><code>+</code>加</p>
<div id="00785c34" class="cell" data-execution_count="21">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb39"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb39-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">+</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1240">
<pre><code>15</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><code>-</code>減</p>
<div id="3d43bf6c" class="cell" data-execution_count="22">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb41"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb41-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">-</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1241">
<pre><code>5</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<p><code>*</code>乘</p>
<div id="80a4ce32" class="cell" data-execution_count="23">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb43"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb43-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">*</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1242">
<pre><code>50</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><code>/</code>除</p>
<div id="bd4f0526" class="cell" data-execution_count="24">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb45"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb45-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">/</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1243">
<pre><code>2.0</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="大於-小於-等於-不等於" class="slide level2">
<h2>&gt;大於 / &lt;小於 / ==等於 / !=不等於</h2>
<div id="c1168b9d" class="cell" data-execution_count="25">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb47"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb47-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">10</span></span>
<span id="cb47-2"><a href=""></a>int2 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(<span class="dv">5</span>)</span>
<span id="cb47-3"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>([int1, int2])</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>[10, 5]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<p><code>&gt;</code>大於</p>
<div id="9752983f" class="cell" data-execution_count="26">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb49"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb49-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">&gt;</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1245">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><code>&lt;</code>小於</p>
<div id="2c7e52de" class="cell" data-execution_count="27">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb51"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb51-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">&lt;</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1246">
<pre><code>False</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<p><code>==</code> 等於</p>
<div id="58fcb212" class="cell" data-execution_count="28">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb53"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb53-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">==</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1247">
<pre><code>False</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><code>!=</code>不等於</p>
<div id="68f159e8" class="cell" data-execution_count="29">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb55"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb55-1"><a href=""></a>int1 <span class="op">!=</span> int2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1248">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="and-or" class="slide level2">
<h2>and / or</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<p><code>and</code>且</p>
<div id="626ccddf" class="cell" data-execution_count="30">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb57"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb57-1"><a href=""></a><span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span> <span class="kw">and</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">1</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1249">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="eb654ec1" class="cell" data-execution_count="31">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb59"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb59-1"><a href=""></a><span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span> <span class="kw">and</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1250">
<pre><code>False</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<p><code>or</code>或</p>
<div id="3f561bec" class="cell" data-execution_count="32">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb61"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb61-1"><a href=""></a><span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span> <span class="kw">or</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">1</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1251">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="d55b14ab" class="cell" data-execution_count="33">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb63"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb63-1"><a href=""></a><span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span> <span class="kw">or</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">&gt;</span><span class="dv">5</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-display" data-execution_count="1252">
<pre><code>True</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="hands-on" class="slide level2">
<h2>Hands-on</h2>
<ul>
<li>宣告一個<strong>文字</strong> “15”</li>
<li>宣告一個<strong>數字</strong> 10</li>
<li>試著相加看看？是否能相加？錯誤訊息的意思是什麼？</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="if" class="slide level2">
<h2>if</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column" style="width:40%;">
<p><img data-src="figures/if.png"></p>
</div><div class="column" style="width:60%;">
<div id="d6f04bfe" class="cell" data-execution_count="34">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb65"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb65-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">50</span></span>
<span id="cb65-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">60</span>:</span>
<span id="cb65-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb65-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="dv">80</span>:</span>
<span id="cb65-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Great'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb65-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb65-7"><a href=""></a><span class="co">#decrease to indicate end of block</span></span>
<span id="cb65-8"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Learner'</span>) </span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Slow
Learner</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="if-else-if-elif" class="slide level2">
<h2>if &amp; else if (elif)</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<p><img data-src="figures/ifelse.png"></p>
</div><div class="column">
<div id="e08f15f4" class="cell" data-execution_count="35">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb67"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb67-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">50</span></span>
<span id="cb67-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">60</span>:</span>
<span id="cb67-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb67-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">elif</span> x <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="dv">80</span>:</span>
<span id="cb67-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Great'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb67-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb67-7"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Learner'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Slow
Learner</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="if-if-vs.-if-else-if-elif" class="slide level2">
<h2>if &amp; if vs.&nbsp;if &amp; else if (elif)</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<div id="39af131d" class="cell" data-execution_count="36">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb69"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb69-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">40</span></span>
<span id="cb69-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">50</span>:</span>
<span id="cb69-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Super Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb69-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">elif</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">60</span>:</span>
<span id="cb69-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb69-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb69-7"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Learner'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Super Slow
Learner</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><img data-src="figures/ifelsecomp.png" width="200"></p>
</div><div class="column">
<div id="8c07641f" class="cell" data-execution_count="37">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb71"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb71-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">40</span></span>
<span id="cb71-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">50</span>:</span>
<span id="cb71-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Super Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb71-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="dv">60</span>:</span>
<span id="cb71-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Slow'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb71-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb71-7"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Learner'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Super Slow
Slow
Learner</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><img data-src="figures/ifcomp.png" width="200"></p>
</div></div>
</section>
<section id="if-else" class="slide level2">
<h2>if &amp; else</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<div id="9d84ca5d" class="cell" data-execution_count="38">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb73"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb73-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">4</span></span>
<span id="cb73-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="dv">2</span> :</span>
<span id="cb73-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Bigger'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb73-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">else</span> :</span>
<span id="cb73-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Not bigger'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb73-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb73-7"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'All Done'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Bigger
All Done</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<div id="90bc4ec0" class="cell" data-execution_count="39">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb75"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb75-1"><a href=""></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb75-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">if</span> x <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="dv">2</span> :</span>
<span id="cb75-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Bigger'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb75-4"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">else</span> :</span>
<span id="cb75-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Not bigger'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb75-6"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb75-7"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'All Done'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Not bigger
All Done</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>

<img data-src="figures/else.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="try-except" class="slide level2">
<h2>try except</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>You surround a dangerous section of code with <code>try</code> and <code>except</code></p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the code in the <code>try</code> works - the <code>except</code> is skipped</p></li>
<li><p>If the code in the <code>try</code> fails - it jumps to the <code>except</code> section</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>

<img data-src="figures/try.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="try-except-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>try except</h2>
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<div id="4c232006" class="cell" data-execution_count="40">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb77"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb77-1"><a href=""></a>astr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">'Bob'</span></span>
<span id="cb77-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">try</span>:</span>
<span id="cb77-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Hello'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb77-4"><a href=""></a>    istr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(astr)</span>
<span id="cb77-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'There'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb77-6"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">except</span>:</span>
<span id="cb77-7"><a href=""></a>    istr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">-</span><span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb77-8"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb77-9"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Done'</span>, istr)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Hello
Done -1</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="column">
<div id="e7a6adce" class="cell" data-execution_count="41">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb79"><pre class="sourceCode numberSource python number-lines code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb79-1"><a href=""></a>astr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">'123'</span></span>
<span id="cb79-2"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">try</span>:</span>
<span id="cb79-3"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Hello'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb79-4"><a href=""></a>    istr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">int</span>(astr)</span>
<span id="cb79-5"><a href=""></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'There'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb79-6"><a href=""></a><span class="cf">except</span>:</span>
<span id="cb79-7"><a href=""></a>    istr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">-</span><span class="dv">1</span></span>
<span id="cb79-8"><a href=""></a></span>
<span id="cb79-9"><a href=""></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">'Done'</span>, istr)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Hello
There
Done 123</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div></div>

<img data-src="figures/try.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="hands-on-1" class="slide level2">
<h2>Hands-on</h2>
<p>Write a program to convert score to the grade and print the grade according to the following criteria:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&gt;90: A</p></li>
<li><p>&gt;80 and &lt;=90: B</p></li>
<li><p>&gt;=60 and &lt;=80: C</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;60: D</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Assign 76 to variable <code>score</code>, check the output</p>
</section>
<section id="conditional-execution---recap" class="slide level2">
<h2>Conditional Execution - Recap</h2>
<ul>
<li>Operator 運算子
<ul>
<li><code>+</code> / <code>-</code> / <code>*</code> / <code>/</code></li>
<li><code>&gt;</code> / <code>&lt;</code> / <code>==</code> / <code>!=</code></li>
<li><code>and</code> / <code>or</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li>if</li>
<li>if &amp; elif &amp; else</li>
<li>try except</li>
</ul>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="function-py4e-ch4" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Function (PY4E Ch4)</h1>

</section>
<section id="function" class="slide level2">
<h2>Function</h2>
<p>Stored and reused steps!</p>
<ul>
<li>Built-in functions
<ul>
<li><code>print('123')</code>, <code>int('123')</code>, <code>input()</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Functions from libraries
<ul>
<li><code>datetime.date(2025,1,23)</code>, from <code>datetime</code> library</li>