diff --git a/.changeset/configprovider-import-meta-env.md b/.changeset/configprovider-import-meta-env.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd02b360dbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/configprovider-import-meta-env.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"effect": patch
+---
+
+Remove the default `import.meta.env` lookup from `ConfigProvider.fromEnv`, fixing module analysis failures in runtimes that do not support `import.meta`, closes #6358.
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ConfigProvider.ts b/packages/effect/src/ConfigProvider.ts
index f9585b20842..0b9e9bbe735 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ConfigProvider.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ConfigProvider.ts
@@ -810,8 +810,8 @@ function emptyStringAsMissing(value: string | undefined, preserveEmptyStrings: b
  * purely numeric names, the node is reported as an `Array`; otherwise as a
  * `Record`.
  *
- * The default environment merges `process.env` and `import.meta.env` (when
- * available). Override by passing `{ env: { ... } }`.
+ * The default environment reads `process.env` when available. For runtimes that
+ * expose environment variables elsewhere, pass `{ env: { ... } }`.
  *
  * Literal empty strings are treated as missing values when loaded as values by
  * default. Pass `{ preserveEmptyStrings: true }` to keep empty strings as
@@ -850,8 +850,7 @@ export function fromEnv(options?: {
   readonly preserveEmptyStrings?: boolean | undefined
 }): ConfigProvider {
   const env: Record<string, string | undefined> = options?.env ?? {
-    ...globalThis?.process?.env,
-    ...(import.meta as any)?.env
+    ...globalThis?.process?.env
   }
   const preserveEmptyStrings = options?.preserveEmptyStrings === true
   const trie = buildEnvTrie(env)
diff --git a/packages/effect/test/ConfigProvider.test.ts b/packages/effect/test/ConfigProvider.test.ts
index ca4309183b5..df19e011b8b 100644
--- a/packages/effect/test/ConfigProvider.test.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/test/ConfigProvider.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, it } from "@effect/vitest"
 import { deepStrictEqual } from "@effect/vitest/utils"
 import { ConfigProvider, Effect, FileSystem, Layer, Path, PlatformError, Result } from "effect"
+import * as Fs from "node:fs"
 
 async function assertSuccess(
   provider: ConfigProvider.ConfigProvider,
@@ -191,6 +192,46 @@ describe("ConfigProvider", () => {
   })
 
   describe("fromEnv", () => {
+    it("uses the default environment when no env is provided", async () => {
+      const key = "EFFECT_CONFIG_PROVIDER_TEST_DEFAULT_ENV"
+      const previous = process.env[key]
+      process.env[key] = "value1"
+      try {
+        const provider = ConfigProvider.fromEnv()
+        await assertSuccess(provider, [key], ConfigProvider.makeValue("value1"))
+      } finally {
+        if (previous === undefined) {
+          delete process.env[key]
+        } else {
+          process.env[key] = previous
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it("uses an explicit env over the default environment", async () => {
+      const key = "EFFECT_CONFIG_PROVIDER_TEST_DEFAULT_ENV"
+      const previous = process.env[key]
+      process.env[key] = "default"
+      try {
+        const provider = ConfigProvider.fromEnv({ env: { [key]: "explicit" } })
+        await assertSuccess(provider, [key], ConfigProvider.makeValue("explicit"))
+      } finally {
+        if (previous === undefined) {
+          delete process.env[key]
+        } else {
+          process.env[key] = previous
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    it("does not reference import.meta in the common ConfigProvider module", () => {
+      const sourcePath = Fs.existsSync("src/ConfigProvider.ts")
+        ? "src/ConfigProvider.ts"
+        : "packages/effect/src/ConfigProvider.ts"
+      const source = Fs.readFileSync(sourcePath, "utf8")
+      deepStrictEqual(source.includes("import.meta"), false)
+    })
+
     it("env without an underscore", async () => {
       const env = { A: "value1" }
       const provider = ConfigProvider.fromEnv({ env })