diff --git a/packages/iles/jsx-runtime.js b/packages/iles/jsx-runtime.js
index 75a6cdc3..2035e3e1 100644
--- a/packages/iles/jsx-runtime.js
+++ b/packages/iles/jsx-runtime.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
 //
 // NOTE: Supports v-slots for consistency with @vue/babel-plugin-jsx.
 function jsx (type, { children, 'v-slots': vSlots, ...props }) {
+  wrapListeners(props, type)
   let slots
 
   if (children) {
@@ -31,6 +32,28 @@ function jsx (type, { children, 'v-slots': vSlots, ...props }) {
   return createVNode(type, props, slots)
 }
 
+function wrapListeners (props, type) {
+  if (!props || typeof window === 'undefined') return
+
+  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(props)) {
+    if (!/^on[A-Z]/.test(key) || typeof value !== 'function') continue
+    props[key] = (...args) => guardListenerCall(
+      () => value(...args),
+      args[0],
+      {
+        source: 'mdx',
+        event: key.slice(2),
+        tag: typeof type === 'string' ? type : type?.name || 'Component',
+      },
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+function guardListenerCall (handler, event, details) {
+  const guard = typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.__ILE_GUARD_LISTENER_CALL__
+  return guard ? guard(handler, event, details) : handler()
+}
+
 // Internal: Extends it to be a stateful component that can perform prop checks.
 function defineComponent (MDXContent, definition) {
   return defineVueComponent({
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/client/app/components/DebugPanel.vue b/packages/iles/src/client/app/components/DebugPanel.vue
index cba6169b..d5eaea62 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/client/app/components/DebugPanel.vue
+++ b/packages/iles/src/client/app/components/DebugPanel.vue
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ export default defineComponent({
     const content = ref<any>(null)
     const open = ref(false)
     const buttonLabel = computed(() => message.value || 'Debug')
+    const listenerWarnings = computed(() => (window as any).__ILE_DEVTOOLS__?.getListenerWarnings?.() || [])
+    const formattedListenerWarnings = computed(() => listenerWarnings.value.map((item: any) => item.message).join('\n\n'))
 
     const cleanPage = computed(() => {
       const layout = page.value.layoutName || 'false'
@@ -54,6 +56,8 @@ export default defineComponent({
       cleanPage,
       copyAll,
       content,
+      listenerWarnings,
+      formattedListenerWarnings,
     }
   },
 })
@@ -63,6 +67,9 @@ export default defineComponent({
   <div ref="el" class="debug" :class="{ open }" @click="open = !open" @mouseup="copyIfSelected">
     <p class="title">{{ buttonLabel }}<span class="info">Open DevTools to inspect <b>islands</b> 🏝</span></p>
     <pre ref="content" class="block">{{ cleanPage }}</pre>
+    <pre v-if="listenerWarnings.length" class="block warning">
+{{ formattedListenerWarnings }}
+    </pre>
     <button v-show="open" class="debug title" @click="copyAll(content)">Copy to Clipboard</button>
   </div>
 </template>
@@ -160,4 +167,10 @@ export default defineComponent({
 .block + .block {
   margin-top: 8px;
 }
+
+.warning {
+  border-top-color: #EF4444;
+  color: #FCA5A5;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+}
 </style>
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/client/app/composables/devtools.ts b/packages/iles/src/client/app/composables/devtools.ts
index 9a730182..439e46fa 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/client/app/composables/devtools.ts
+++ b/packages/iles/src/client/app/composables/devtools.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ const HYDRATION_LAYER_ID = 'iles:hydration'
 let lastUsedIslandId = 0
 const islandsById = reactive<Record<string, ComponentPublicInstance>>({})
 const islands = computed(() => Object.values(islandsById))
+const listenerWarnings = reactive<any[]>([])
 
 const strategyLabels: Record<string, any> = {
   'client:idle': 'whenIdle',
@@ -88,6 +89,15 @@ const devtools = {
       console.info(`🏝 hydrated ${component}`, el, slots)
     }
   },
+
+  reportStaticListenerWarning (warning: any) {
+    if (listenerWarnings.some(item => item.key === warning.key)) return
+    listenerWarnings.push({ time: Date.now(), ...warning })
+  },
+
+  getListenerWarnings () {
+    return listenerWarnings
+  },
 }
 
 ;(window as any).__ILE_DEVTOOLS__ = devtools
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/client/app/index.ts b/packages/iles/src/client/app/index.ts
index d175c9e7..afe6cf2e 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/client/app/index.ts
+++ b/packages/iles/src/client/app/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { createApp as createClientApp, createSSRApp, ref } from 'vue'
 import { createMemoryHistory, createRouter as createVueRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
 import { createHead } from '@unhead/vue'
+import './listenerGuard'
 
 import routes from '@islands/routes'
 import config from '@islands/app-config'
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/client/app/listenerGuard.ts b/packages/iles/src/client/app/listenerGuard.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9ea3d406
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/iles/src/client/app/listenerGuard.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+interface ListenerWarningDetails {
+  source?: string
+  event?: string
+  tag?: string
+  line?: number
+  column?: number
+}
+
+const warned = new Set<string>()
+
+function getEventTarget (event: any) {
+  const target = event?.composedPath?.()?.[0] || event?.target
+  return target as Element | null
+}
+
+function hasIslandContext (target: Element | null) {
+  return Boolean(target?.closest?.('ile-root[hydrated]'))
+}
+
+export function guardListenerCall<T> (handler: () => T, event: Event, details: ListenerWarningDetails = {}): T {
+  const target = getEventTarget(event)
+  if (!hasIslandContext(target)) {
+    const key = [
+      details.source || 'listener',
+      details.event || event?.type || 'event',
+      details.tag || target?.nodeName || 'unknown',
+      details.line || 0,
+      details.column || 0,
+    ].join(':')
+
+    if (!warned.has(key)) {
+      warned.add(key)
+      const location = details.line ? `:${details.line}:${details.column || 0}` : ''
+      const message = `[iles] Event listener '${details.event || event?.type || 'event'}' on <${details.tag || 'unknown'}>${location} ran without island context. Wrap this component in <Island client:...> or move interaction into an island.`
+      console.error(message, { details, event, target })
+      ;(window as any).__ILE_DEVTOOLS__?.reportStaticListenerWarning?.({ key, message, details, target, eventType: event?.type })
+    }
+  }
+
+  return handler()
+}
+
+if (typeof window !== 'undefined')
+  (window as any).__ILE_GUARD_LISTENER_CALL__ = guardListenerCall
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/plugin.ts b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/plugin.ts
index e3749217..e0757710 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/plugin.ts
+++ b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/plugin.ts
@@ -134,8 +134,23 @@ export default function IslandsPlugins (appConfig: AppConfig): PluginOption[] {
         if (query.vue !== undefined && query.type === 'script-client')
           return 'export default {}; if (import.meta.hot) import.meta.hot.accept()'
 
-        if (isSFCMain(path, query) && code.includes('client:') && code.includes('<template'))
-          return wrapIslandsInSFC(appConfig, code, path)
+        const sfcMain = isSFCMain(path, query)
+        const isPageOrLayout = isLayout(path) || plugins.pages.api.isPage(path)
+        const shouldProcessListeners = !isBuild && isPageOrLayout
+
+        if (sfcMain && code.includes('client:') && code.includes('<template'))
+          return wrapIslandsInSFC(appConfig, code, path, {
+            analyzeListeners: shouldProcessListeners,
+            wrapListeners: shouldProcessListeners,
+            warn: ({ message }) => console.warn(message),
+          })
+
+        if (sfcMain && shouldProcessListeners && code.includes('<template') && (code.includes('@') || code.includes('v-on:')))
+          return wrapIslandsInSFC(appConfig, code, path, {
+            analyzeListeners: true,
+            wrapListeners: true,
+            warn: ({ message }) => console.warn(message),
+          })
       },
     },
     {
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/remarkWrapIslands.ts b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/remarkWrapIslands.ts
index f9172ffe..6f3cb8bb 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/remarkWrapIslands.ts
+++ b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/remarkWrapIslands.ts
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ export default ({ config }: { config: AppConfig }) => async (ast: any, file: any
       wrapWithIsland(strategy, node, resolveComponentImport)
       return SKIP
     }
+
+    if (isJsxElement(node))
+      warnStaticListeners(node, file.path)
   })
 
   const componentsToImport = await Promise.all(componentPromises)
@@ -42,6 +45,18 @@ export default ({ config }: { config: AppConfig }) => async (ast: any, file: any
   }
 }
 
+function warnStaticListeners (node: MdxJsxFlowElement | MdxJsxTextElement, filename: string) {
+  const tagName = node.name || 'Component'
+  for (const attr of node.attributes) {
+    if ('name' in attr && /^on[A-Z]/.test(String(attr.name))) {
+      const point = (attr as any).position?.start || (node as any).position?.start
+      const line = point?.line || 0
+      const column = point?.column || 0
+      console.warn(`[iles] Listener '${attr.name}' on <${tagName}> in ${filename}:${line}:${column} will be static at runtime unless wrapped in <Island client:...>.`)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 function isJsxElement (node: Node): node is MdxJsxFlowElement | MdxJsxTextElement {
   return node.type === 'mdxJsxFlowElement' || node.type === 'mdxJsxTextElement'
 }
diff --git a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/wrap.ts b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/wrap.ts
index 48e59d0d..1ea45e24 100644
--- a/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/wrap.ts
+++ b/packages/iles/src/node/plugin/wrap.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import MagicString from 'magic-string'
 import type { SFCBlock } from 'vue/compiler-sfc'
 import { parse } from 'vue/compiler-sfc'
 import type { ComponentInfo, PublicPluginAPI as ComponentsApi } from 'unplugin-vue-components/types'
-import type { ElementNode, RootNode, TemplateChildNode } from '@vue/compiler-core'
+import type { DirectiveNode, ElementNode, RootNode, TemplateChildNode } from '@vue/compiler-core'
 import type { AppConfig } from '../shared'
 import { pascalCase, isString, debug } from './utils'
 import { parseImports, parseExports } from './parse'
@@ -15,6 +15,20 @@ interface SfcRootNode extends RootNode {
 
 export const unresolvedIslandKey = '__viteIslandComponent'
 
+export interface ListenerWarning {
+  event: string
+  tag: string
+  line: number
+  column: number
+  message: string
+}
+
+export interface WrapIslandsOptions {
+  analyzeListeners?: boolean
+  wrapListeners?: boolean
+  warn?: (warning: ListenerWarning) => void
+}
+
 export async function wrapLayout (code: string, filename: string) {
   const { descriptor: { template }, errors } = parse(code, { filename })
   if (errors.length > 0 || !template || !isString(template.attrs.layout)) return
@@ -38,7 +52,7 @@ export async function wrapLayout (code: string, filename: string) {
 
 const scriptClientRE = /<script\b([^>]*\bclient:[^>]*)>([^]*?)<\/script>/
 
-export async function wrapIslandsInSFC (config: AppConfig, code: string, filename: string) {
+export async function wrapIslandsInSFC (config: AppConfig, code: string, filename: string, options: WrapIslandsOptions = {}) {
   code = code.replace(scriptClientRE, (_, attrs, content) =>
     `<script-client${attrs}>${content}</script-client>`)
 
@@ -69,6 +83,9 @@ export async function wrapIslandsInSFC (config: AppConfig, code: string, filenam
 
   const elements = sfcRootNode.children.filter((n: any) => n.tag) as ElementNode[]
 
+  if (options.analyzeListeners || options.wrapListeners)
+    processSFCListeners(elements, s, filename, options)
+
   for (const child of elements) {
     await visitSFCNode(child, s, resolveComponentImport)
   }
@@ -97,6 +114,59 @@ export async function wrapIslandsInSFC (config: AppConfig, code: string, filenam
   }
 }
 
+function processSFCListeners (elements: ElementNode[], s: MagicString, filename: string, options: WrapIslandsOptions) {
+  const walk = (node: ElementNode, insideIsland = false) => {
+    const hasClientDirective = node.props.some(prop => 'name' in prop && prop.name.startsWith('client:'))
+    const withinIsland = insideIsland || hasClientDirective || node.tag === 'Island'
+
+    for (const prop of node.props) {
+      if (!isOnDirective(prop)) continue
+      const event = getEventName(prop)
+      const location = prop.loc.start
+      const warning: ListenerWarning = {
+        event,
+        tag: node.tag,
+        line: location.line,
+        column: location.column,
+        message: `[iles] Listener '${event}' on <${node.tag}> in ${filename}:${location.line}:${location.column} will be static at runtime unless wrapped in <Island client:...>.`,
+      }
+
+      if (!withinIsland && options.analyzeListeners)
+        options.warn?.(warning)
+
+      if (options.wrapListeners && prop.exp?.loc?.source)
+        wrapVueExpression(s, prop.exp.loc.start.offset, prop.exp.loc.end.offset, warning)
+    }
+
+    for (const child of node.children || []) {
+      if ('tag' in (child as any))
+        walk(child as ElementNode, withinIsland)
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const element of elements)
+    walk(element)
+}
+
+function wrapVueExpression (s: MagicString, start: number, end: number, warning: ListenerWarning) {
+  const details = JSON.stringify({
+    source: 'vue',
+    ...warning,
+  })
+  s.appendLeft(start, `($event) => window.__ILE_GUARD_LISTENER_CALL__(() => { const _ileHandler = (`)
+  s.appendRight(end, `); return typeof _ileHandler === 'function' ? _ileHandler($event) : _ileHandler }, $event, ${details})`)
+}
+
+function isOnDirective (prop: any): prop is DirectiveNode {
+  return prop?.type === 7 && prop?.name === 'on'
+}
+
+function getEventName (prop: DirectiveNode) {
+  if (prop.arg?.type === 4)
+    return prop.arg.content || 'event'
+  return 'event'
+}
+
 async function visitSFCNode (node: ElementNode, s: MagicString, resolveComponentImport: (strategy: string, tag: string) => Promise<ComponentInfo>) {
   const strategy = 'props' in node
     && node.props.find(prop => prop.name.startsWith('client:'))?.name
diff --git a/packages/iles/tests/listener-guard.spec.ts b/packages/iles/tests/listener-guard.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5b782ff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/iles/tests/listener-guard.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from 'vite-plus/test'
+
+import { guardListenerCall } from '../src/client/app/listenerGuard'
+
+describe('listener guard', () => {
+  test('calls original handler when no island context and reports once', () => {
+    const errors: any[] = []
+    const previousConsoleError = console.error
+    console.error = (...args: any[]) => { errors.push(args) }
+    ;(globalThis as any).window = {
+      __ILE_DEVTOOLS__: { reportStaticListenerWarning: () => {} },
+    }
+
+    const event = { type: 'click', target: { nodeName: 'BUTTON', closest: () => null } } as any
+    let called = 0
+    guardListenerCall(() => ++called, event, { source: 'vue', event: 'click', tag: 'button', line: 1, column: 2 })
+    guardListenerCall(() => ++called, event, { source: 'vue', event: 'click', tag: 'button', line: 1, column: 2 })
+
+    console.error = previousConsoleError
+    expect(called).toBe(2)
+    expect(errors.length).toBe(1)
+  })
+
+  test('does not report when inside an island', () => {
+    const errors: any[] = []
+    const previousConsoleError = console.error
+    console.error = (...args: any[]) => { errors.push(args) }
+    ;(globalThis as any).window = {
+      __ILE_DEVTOOLS__: { reportStaticListenerWarning: () => {} },
+    }
+
+    const event = { type: 'click', target: { closest: () => ({}) } } as any
+    const result = guardListenerCall(() => 42, event, { source: 'mdx', event: 'click', tag: 'button' })
+
+    console.error = previousConsoleError
+    expect(result).toBe(42)
+    expect(errors.length).toBe(0)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/iles/tests/remark-wrap-islands.spec.ts b/packages/iles/tests/remark-wrap-islands.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f19ca954
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/iles/tests/remark-wrap-islands.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from 'vite-plus/test'
+import type { AppConfig } from 'iles'
+
+import remarkWrapIslands from '@node/plugin/remarkWrapIslands'
+
+describe('remarkWrapIslands listener diagnostics', () => {
+  test('warns for mdx listeners outside islands', async () => {
+    const warnings: string[] = []
+    const previousWarn = console.warn
+    console.warn = (message: any) => warnings.push(String(message))
+
+    const plugin = remarkWrapIslands({
+      config: {
+        namedPlugins: { components: { api: {} } },
+      } as any as AppConfig,
+    })
+
+    const ast: any = {
+      type: 'root',
+      children: [{
+        type: 'mdxJsxFlowElement',
+        name: 'button',
+        position: { start: { line: 2, column: 3 } },
+        attributes: [{ type: 'mdxJsxAttribute', name: 'onClick', position: { start: { line: 2, column: 10 } } }],
+      }],
+    }
+    await plugin(ast, { path: '/src/pages/demo.mdx' })
+
+    console.warn = previousWarn
+    expect(warnings[0]).toContain("Listener 'onClick'")
+    expect(warnings[0]).toContain('/src/pages/demo.mdx')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/iles/tests/wrap.spec.ts b/packages/iles/tests/wrap.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..84bedcaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/iles/tests/wrap.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from 'vite-plus/test'
+import type { AppConfig } from 'iles'
+
+import { wrapIslandsInSFC } from '@node/plugin/wrap'
+
+const minimalConfig = {
+  namedPlugins: {
+    components: {
+      api: {
+        findComponent: async () => ({ from: '/comp.vue', name: 'default' }),
+        stringifyImport: () => `import __ile_components_0 from '/comp.vue'`,
+      },
+    },
+    pages: { api: { isPage: () => true } },
+  },
+  resolvePath: async (path: string) => path,
+} as any as AppConfig
+
+describe('wrapIslandsInSFC listener diagnostics', () => {
+  test('warns for listeners outside islands', async () => {
+    const warnings: string[] = []
+    await wrapIslandsInSFC(minimalConfig, `<template><button @click="count++">x</button></template>`, '/src/pages/a.vue', {
+      analyzeListeners: true,
+      warn: warning => warnings.push(warning.message),
+    })
+    expect(warnings[0]).toContain("Listener 'click'")
+    expect(warnings[0]).toContain('/src/pages/a.vue')
+  })
+
+  test('wraps listener handlers', async () => {
+    const result = await wrapIslandsInSFC(minimalConfig, `<template><button @click="count++">x</button></template>`, '/src/pages/a.vue', {
+      wrapListeners: true,
+    })
+    expect(result?.code).toContain('__ILE_GUARD_LISTENER_CALL__')
+  })
+})