diff --git a/Sources/VistaCore/Indexer.swift b/Sources/VistaCore/Indexer.swift
index d8b766c..86cfb23 100644
--- a/Sources/VistaCore/Indexer.swift
+++ b/Sources/VistaCore/Indexer.swift
@@ -213,8 +213,7 @@ public actor Indexer {
             let attrs = try? fm.attributesOfItem(atPath: url.path)
             let mtime = (attrs?[.modificationDate] as? Date) ?? Date()
             let size = (attrs?[.size] as? NSNumber)?.int64Value ?? 0
-            if let existing = try? store.fingerprint(for: url),
-               existing.mtime == mtime, existing.size == size {
+            if (try? store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: url, mtime: mtime, size: size)) == true {
                 continue
             }
             toIndex.append(url)
@@ -313,8 +312,7 @@ public actor Indexer {
 
         // Skip unchanged files — the fingerprint check saves us an expensive
         // OCR pass for every file on every relaunch.
-        if let existing = try store.fingerprint(for: url),
-           existing.mtime == mtime, existing.size == size {
+        if try store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: url, mtime: mtime, size: size) {
             return
         }
 
diff --git a/Sources/VistaCore/ScreenshotStore.swift b/Sources/VistaCore/ScreenshotStore.swift
index 066d241..c99e031 100644
--- a/Sources/VistaCore/ScreenshotStore.swift
+++ b/Sources/VistaCore/ScreenshotStore.swift
@@ -148,6 +148,30 @@ public final class ScreenshotStore: @unchecked Sendable {
 
     // MARK: - Lookups used during incremental scan
 
+    /// Tolerance applied when comparing a file's current mtime against
+    /// the value we stored the last time we indexed it. Public so tests
+    /// can pin behaviour to the same constant instead of re-declaring
+    /// the magic number.
+    public static let mtimeTolerance: TimeInterval = 0.001
+
+    /// Whether the DB already holds an entry for `url` matching the given
+    /// `(mtime, size)`. Mtime is compared with `mtimeTolerance` (1 ms) to
+    /// survive the `Double` round-trip through SQLite's REAL column: at
+    /// year-2026 timestamps (~1.78e9 s) one Double ULP is ~400 ns, which
+    /// is coarser than APFS's ns-resolution mtime, so a Double can't
+    /// represent every distinct APFS timestamp and exact equality
+    /// sporadically fails. Before the tolerance, the indexer re-OCR'd a
+    /// random ~37 % subset of rows on every relaunch. `size` is still
+    /// compared exactly — a real edit almost always changes size, so the
+    /// slack on mtime doesn't mask genuine changes.
+    public func isAlreadyIndexed(at url: URL, mtime: Date, size: Int64) throws -> Bool {
+        guard let existing = try fingerprint(for: url) else { return false }
+        guard existing.size == size else { return false }
+        let drift = abs(existing.mtime.timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate
+                      - mtime.timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate)
+        return drift <= Self.mtimeTolerance
+    }
+
     /// Returns the (mtime, size) we last indexed for this path, or nil if
     /// unknown. Indexer uses this to skip unchanged files without reading
     /// pixels.
diff --git a/Tests/VistaCoreTests/ScreenshotStoreTests.swift b/Tests/VistaCoreTests/ScreenshotStoreTests.swift
index b08be5c..d4f54d1 100644
--- a/Tests/VistaCoreTests/ScreenshotStoreTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/VistaCoreTests/ScreenshotStoreTests.swift
@@ -134,6 +134,35 @@ final class ScreenshotStoreTests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertNil(try store.fingerprint(for: Self.sampleURL(name: "never-seen.png")))
     }
 
+    // Regression: exact `Date == Date` after a round-trip through the REAL
+    // `mtime` column used to fail sporadically because a Double ULP at
+    // 2026 timestamps (~400 ns) is coarser than APFS's 1 ns mtime
+    // resolution — so a `Double` can't represent every distinct APFS
+    // timestamp. `isAlreadyIndexed` applies `ScreenshotStore.mtimeTolerance`
+    // (1 ms) so high-precision fractional mtimes still match after the
+    // round-trip.
+    func testIsAlreadyIndexedSurvivesDoublePrecisionRoundTrip() throws {
+        let path = Self.sampleURL(name: "Drift.png")
+        // Fractional seconds chosen so `.timeIntervalSince1970` can't be
+        // represented exactly as a Double — that's the shape filesystem
+        // mtimes actually have on APFS.
+        let mtime = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_776_864_366.2835145)
+        let size: Int64 = 42_630
+        try store.upsert(Self.sampleRecord(path: path, mtime: mtime, size: size, text: ""))
+
+        XCTAssertTrue(try store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: path, mtime: mtime, size: size))
+        XCTAssertFalse(try store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: path, mtime: mtime, size: size + 1))
+        XCTAssertFalse(try store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: Self.sampleURL(name: "nope.png"),
+                                                  mtime: mtime, size: size))
+
+        // Drift outside the tolerance window is treated as "changed". The
+        // epsilon (10 × tolerance) is deliberately well beyond the ~400 ns
+        // Double-round-trip slop so the assertion is deterministic across
+        // fractional mtime values.
+        let beyondTol = mtime.addingTimeInterval(ScreenshotStore.mtimeTolerance * 10)
+        XCTAssertFalse(try store.isAlreadyIndexed(at: path, mtime: beyondTol, size: size))
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Helpers
 
     private static func sampleURL(name: String) -> URL {