From 9dfb0e1421169fe5b67f263ec0004624879d4463 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pete McFarlane <peterjohnmcfarlane@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 May 2016 11:43:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Add PHP solution

---
 solutions/pete_php/.gitignore    |    1 +
 solutions/pete_php/Coin.php      |   37 +
 solutions/pete_php/CoinTest.php  |   73 ++
 solutions/pete_php/README.md     |   13 +
 solutions/pete_php/composer.json |    5 +
 solutions/pete_php/composer.lock | 1159 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 1288 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/.gitignore
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/Coin.php
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/CoinTest.php
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/README.md
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/composer.json
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_php/composer.lock

diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/.gitignore b/solutions/pete_php/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22d0d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+vendor
diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/Coin.php b/solutions/pete_php/Coin.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad53200
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/Coin.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+
+function minNumCoins(array $coins, int $target): int
+{
+    return count(minCoins($coins, $target));
+}
+
+function minCoins(array $coins, int $target): array
+{
+    if ($target <= 0) {
+        return [];
+    }
+    if ($target < min($coins)) {
+        throw new InvalidArgumentException('No coins small enough to make the change!');
+    }
+
+    $minCoinMap = [];
+
+    for ($i = 0; $i <= $target; ++$i) {
+        if (in_array($i, $coins)) {
+            $minCoinMap[$i] = [$i];
+        } else {
+            $smallerCoins = array_filter($coins, function ($coin) use ($i) {
+                return $coin < $i;
+            });
+
+            foreach ($smallerCoins as $c) {
+                $v = $i - $c;
+                if (!array_key_exists($i, $minCoinMap) || count($minCoinMap[$v]) + 1 < count($minCoinMap[$i])) {
+                    $minCoinMap[$i] = array_merge([$c], $minCoinMap[$v]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $minCoinMap[$target];
+}
diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/CoinTest.php b/solutions/pete_php/CoinTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afb4f8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/CoinTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+<?php
+require __DIR__ . "/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Framework/Assert/Functions.php";
+require __DIR__ . "/Coin.php";
+
+class CoinTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
+{
+    public function test_it_returns_the_minimum_number_of_coins_needed_to_make_change()
+    {
+        $this->isEqual(0, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 0));
+        $this->isEqual(1, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 1));
+        $this->isEqual(1, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 2));
+        $this->isEqual(2, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 3));
+        $this->isEqual(2, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 4));
+        $this->isEqual(1, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 5));
+        $this->isEqual(2, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 6));
+        $this->isEqual(2, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 7));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 8));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 9));
+        $this->isEqual(2, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 10));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 11));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 12));
+        $this->isEqual(4, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 13));
+        $this->isEqual(4, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 14));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5], 15));
+        $this->isEqual(5, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100], 256));
+        $this->isEqual(15, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100], 999));
+    }
+
+    public function test_lower_elbonia_coins()
+    {
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 24));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 40));
+        $this->isEqual(3, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 63));
+        $this->isEqual(8, minNumCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 158));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
+     */
+    public function test_it_throws_an_exception_if_there_is_no_coin_small_enough_to_make_change()
+    {
+        minNumCoins([5, 10], 2);
+    }
+
+    public function test_it_records_the_coins_needed_to_make_change()
+    {
+        $this->isEqual([], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 0));
+        $this->isEqual([1], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 1));
+        $this->isEqual([2], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 2));
+        $this->isEqual([1, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 3));
+        $this->isEqual([2, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 4));
+        $this->isEqual([5], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 5));
+        $this->isEqual([1, 5], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 6));
+        $this->isEqual([5, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 7));
+        $this->isEqual([1, 2, 5], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 8));
+        $this->isEqual([5, 2, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 9));
+        $this->isEqual([5, 5], minCoins([1, 2, 5], 10));
+        $this->isEqual([100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 50, 20, 20, 5, 2, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100], 999));
+    }
+
+    public function test_it_records_the_lower_elbonia_coins_needed_for_change()
+    {
+        $this->isEqual([21, 2, 1], minCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 24));
+        $this->isEqual([25, 5, 10], minCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 40));
+        $this->isEqual([21, 21, 21], minCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 63));
+        $this->isEqual([25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 21, 10, 2], minCoins([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 25], 158));
+    }
+
+    private function isEqual($expected, $actual)
+    {
+        return $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual, '', 0.0, 10, true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/README.md b/solutions/pete_php/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6eeb081
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# A solution to the minimum coin/change problem in PHP
+
+Install PHPUnit dependency with composer
+
+```
+$ composer install
+```
+
+Run the tests
+
+```
+$ ./vendor/bin/phpunit CoinTest.php
+```
diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/composer.json b/solutions/pete_php/composer.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a70d91e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/composer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    "require-dev": {
+        "phpunit/phpunit": "^5.3"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/solutions/pete_php/composer.lock b/solutions/pete_php/composer.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae49be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_php/composer.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,1159 @@
+{
+    "_readme": [
+        "This file locks the dependencies of your project to a known state",
+        "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#composer-lock-the-lock-file",
+        "This file is @generated automatically"
+    ],
+    "hash": "11248f0cd27de3a5316813f839274b8d",
+    "content-hash": "5697685068eae495bf73afce6144f134",
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+    "packages-dev": [
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+            "version": "1.0.5",
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+                "url": "https://github.com/doctrine/instantiator.git",
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+                "reference": "8e884e78f9f0eb1329e445619e04456e64d8051d",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
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+            },
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+                "ext-pdo": "*",
+                "ext-phar": "*",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "~4.0",
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+            },
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+            "license": [
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+                    "email": "ocramius@gmail.com",
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+            "description": "A small, lightweight utility to instantiate objects in PHP without invoking their constructors",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/doctrine/instantiator",
+            "keywords": [
+                "constructor",
+                "instantiate"
+            ],
+            "time": "2015-06-14 21:17:01"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "myclabs/deep-copy",
+            "version": "1.5.1",
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+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/myclabs/DeepCopy.git",
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+                "copy",
+                "duplicate",
+                "object",
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+        },
+        {
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+            "time": "2015-02-03 12:10:50"
+        },
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+            "license": [
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+                    "email": "ever.zet@gmail.com",
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+                },
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+                }
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+            "description": "Highly opinionated mocking framework for PHP 5.3+",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/phpspec/prophecy",
+            "keywords": [
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+                "Dummy",
+                "fake",
+                "mock",
+                "spy",
+                "stub"
+            ],
+            "time": "2016-02-15 07:46:21"
+        },
+        {
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+            "version": "3.3.1",
+            "source": {
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+                "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/php-code-coverage.git",
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+            ],
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+                    "email": "sb@sebastian-bergmann.de",
+                    "role": "lead"
+                }
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+            "description": "Library that provides collection, processing, and rendering functionality for PHP code coverage information.",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/php-code-coverage",
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+                "testing",
+                "xunit"
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+                    "role": "lead"
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+            ],
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+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/php-text-template/",
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+        },
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+            "version": "1.0.7",
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+                "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/php-timer.git",
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+            "license": [
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+            ],
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+                    "email": "sb@sebastian-bergmann.de",
+                    "role": "lead"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Utility class for timing",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/php-timer/",
+            "keywords": [
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+                "reference": "0047c8366744a16de7516622c5b7355336afae96"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/yaml/zipball/0047c8366744a16de7516622c5b7355336afae96",
+                "reference": "0047c8366744a16de7516622c5b7355336afae96",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": ">=5.5.9"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "3.0-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Symfony\\Component\\Yaml\\": ""
+                },
+                "exclude-from-classmap": [
+                    "/Tests/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Fabien Potencier",
+                    "email": "fabien@symfony.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Symfony Community",
+                    "homepage": "https://symfony.com/contributors"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Symfony Yaml Component",
+            "homepage": "https://symfony.com",
+            "time": "2016-03-04 07:55:57"
+        }
+    ],
+    "aliases": [],
+    "minimum-stability": "stable",
+    "stability-flags": [],
+    "prefer-stable": false,
+    "prefer-lowest": false,
+    "platform": [],
+    "platform-dev": []
+}

From ca76f0b1d375709e9484b5bce6c7afc089402b07 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pete McFarlane <peterjohnmcfarlane@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 May 2016 12:58:16 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Add haskell solution

---
 solutions/pete_haskell/coins.hs | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 solutions/pete_haskell/coins.hs

diff --git a/solutions/pete_haskell/coins.hs b/solutions/pete_haskell/coins.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6fc5c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/solutions/pete_haskell/coins.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import Test.Hspec
+import Data.Array
+
+main :: IO ()
+main = hspec $
+    describe "change calculator" $
+        it "should find the minimum number of coins required to reach a target value" $ do
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 0 `shouldBe` 0
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 1 `shouldBe` 1
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 2 `shouldBe` 1
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 3 `shouldBe` 2
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 4 `shouldBe` 2
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 5 `shouldBe` 1
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 6 `shouldBe` 2
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 7 `shouldBe` 2
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 8 `shouldBe` 3
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 9 `shouldBe` 3
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 10 `shouldBe` 2
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 20 `shouldBe` 4
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5] 30 `shouldBe` 6
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5, 10, 20, 50, 100] 999 `shouldBe` 15
+            minNumCoins [1,2,5, 21, 25] 63 `shouldBe` 3
+
+minNumCoins :: [Int] -> Int -> Int
+minNumCoins coins target = lookup ! target
+    where
+        lookup = listArray (0, target) $ map numCoins [0..]
+        numCoins 0 = 0
+        numCoins i | i `elem` coins = 1
+        numCoins i = minimum [1 + lookup ! (i-c) | c <- coins, c < i]