diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarrays.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarrays.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..46f8deeb58dd --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarrays.java @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.slidingwindow; + +/** + * Counts the number of "nice subarrays". + * A nice subarray is a contiguous subarray that contains exactly k odd numbers. + * + * This implementation uses the sliding window technique. + * + * Reference: + * https://leetcode.com/problems/count-number-of-nice-subarrays/ + * + * Time Complexity: O(n) + * Space Complexity: O(n) + */ +public final class CountNiceSubarrays { + + // Private constructor to prevent instantiation + private CountNiceSubarrays() { + } + + /** + * Returns the count of subarrays containing exactly k odd numbers. + * + * @param nums input array of integers + * @param k number of odd elements required in the subarray + * @return number of nice subarrays + */ + public static int countNiceSubarrays(int[] nums, int k) { + + int n = nums.length; + + // Left pointer of the sliding window + int left = 0; + + // Tracks number of odd elements in the current window + int oddCount = 0; + + // Final answer: total number of nice subarrays + int result = 0; + + /* + * memo[i] stores how many valid starting positions exist + * when the left pointer is at index i. + * + * This avoids recomputing the same values again. + */ + int[] memo = new int[n]; + + // Right pointer moves forward to expand the window + for (int right = 0; right < n; right++) { + + // If current element is odd, increment odd count + if ((nums[right] & 1) == 1) { + oddCount++; + } + + /* + * If oddCount exceeds k, shrink the window from the left + * until oddCount becomes valid again. + */ + if (oddCount > k) { + left += memo[left]; + oddCount--; + } + + /* + * When the window contains exactly k odd numbers, + * count all possible valid subarrays starting at `left`. + */ + if (oddCount == k) { + + /* + * If this left index hasn't been processed before, + * count how many consecutive even numbers follow it. + */ + if (memo[left] == 0) { + int count = 0; + int temp = left; + + // Count consecutive even numbers + while ((nums[temp] & 1) == 0) { + count++; + temp++; + } + + /* + * Number of valid subarrays starting at `left` + * is (count of even numbers + 1) + */ + memo[left] = count + 1; + } + + // Add number of valid subarrays for this left position + result += memo[left]; + } + } + return result; + } +} diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarraysTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarraysTest.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..71bf24cc9e30 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/slidingwindow/CountNiceSubarraysTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.slidingwindow; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +public class CountNiceSubarraysTest { + @Test + void testExampleCase() { + int[] nums = {1, 1, 2, 1, 1}; + assertEquals(2, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 3)); + } + + @Test + void testAllEvenNumbers() { + int[] nums = {2, 4, 6, 8}; + assertEquals(0, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 1)); + } + + @Test + void testSingleOdd() { + int[] nums = {1}; + assertEquals(1, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 1)); + } + + @Test + void testMultipleChoices() { + int[] nums = {2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2}; + assertEquals(6, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 2)); + } + + @Test + void testTrailingEvenNumbers() { + int[] nums = {1, 2, 2, 2}; + assertEquals(4, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 1)); + } + + @Test + void testMultipleWindowShrinks() { + int[] nums = {1, 1, 1, 1}; + assertEquals(3, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 2)); + } + + @Test + void testEvensBetweenOdds() { + int[] nums = {2, 1, 2, 1, 2}; + assertEquals(4, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 2)); + } + + @Test + void testShrinkWithTrailingEvens() { + int[] nums = {2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2}; + assertEquals(9, CountNiceSubarrays.countNiceSubarrays(nums, 2)); + } +}