diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/array.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/array.rb
index 5addc730e5f..37ed8135901 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/array.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/array.rb
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 require_relative "bitmap-builder"
 
 module ArrowFormat
+  using FlatBuffers::AppendAsBytes if FlatBuffers.const_defined?(:AppendAsBytes)
+
   class Array
     attr_reader :type
     attr_reader :size
@@ -160,7 +162,25 @@ def to_a
   end
 
   class PrimitiveArray < Array
-    def initialize(type, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    include BufferAlignable
+
+    def initialize(*args)
+      n_args = args.size
+      if self.class.respond_to?(:type)
+        type = self.class.type
+        expected_n_args = "1 or 3"
+      else
+        type = args.shift
+        expected_n_args = "2 or 4"
+      end
+      args = build_data(args[0], type) if args.size == 1
+      if args.size != 3
+        message =
+          "wrong number of arguments " +
+          "(given #{n_args}, expected #{expected_n_args})"
+        raise ArgumentError, message
+      end
+      size, validity_buffer, values_buffer = args
       super(type, size, validity_buffer)
       @values_buffer = values_buffer
     end
@@ -185,20 +205,34 @@ def each_buffer
     def element_size
       IO::Buffer.size_of(@type.buffer_type)
     end
+
+    def build_data(data, type)
+      n = 0
+      validity_buffer_builder = nil
+      buffer = +"".b
+      pack_template = type.pack_template
+      data.each_with_index do |value, i|
+        if value.nil?
+          validity_buffer_builder ||= SparseBitmapBuilder.new
+          validity_buffer_builder.unset(i)
+          buffer.append_as_bytes([0].pack(pack_template))
+        else
+          buffer.append_as_bytes([value].pack(pack_template))
+        end
+        n += 1
+      end
+      validity_buffer = validity_buffer_builder&.finish(n)
+      pad!(buffer, buffer_padding_size(buffer))
+      buffer.freeze
+      return n, validity_buffer, IO::Buffer.for(buffer)
+    end
   end
 
   class BooleanArray < PrimitiveArray
-    def initialize(*args)
-      if args.size == 1
-        args = build_data(args[0])
-      end
-      n_args = args.size
-      if args.size != 3
-        message = "wrong number of arguments (given #{n_args}, expected 1 or 3)"
-        raise ArgumentError, message
+    class << self
+      def type
+        BooleanType.singleton
       end
-      size, validity_buffer, values_buffer = args
-      super(BooleanType.singleton, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
     end
 
     def to_a
@@ -222,7 +256,7 @@ def clear_cache
       @values_bitmap = nil
     end
 
-    def build_data(data)
+    def build_data(data, type)
       n = 0
       validity_buffer_builder = nil
       values_buffer_builder = DenseBitmapBuilder.new
@@ -244,9 +278,6 @@ def build_data(data)
   end
 
   class IntArray < PrimitiveArray
-    def initialize(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      super(self.class.type, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-    end
   end
 
   class Int8Array < IntArray
@@ -314,9 +345,6 @@ def type
   end
 
   class FloatingPointArray < PrimitiveArray
-    def initialize(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      super(self.class.type, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-    end
   end
 
   class Float32Array < FloatingPointArray
@@ -339,9 +367,6 @@ class TemporalArray < PrimitiveArray
   end
 
   class DateArray < TemporalArray
-    def initialize(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      super(self.class.type, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-    end
   end
 
   class Date32Array < DateArray
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/bitmap-builder.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/bitmap-builder.rb
index 71e82e15d93..d550d058ac6 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/bitmap-builder.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/bitmap-builder.rb
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 require_relative "buffer-alignable"
 
 module ArrowFormat
+  using FlatBuffers::AppendAsBytes if FlatBuffers.const_defined?(:AppendAsBytes)
+
   class DenseBitmapBuilder
     include BufferAlignable
 
@@ -36,8 +38,7 @@ def append(value)
 
     def finish
       flush if @n_bits > 0
-      padding_size = buffer_padding_size(@buffer)
-      @buffer.append_as_bytes(padding(padding_size)) if padding_size > 0
+      pad!(@buffer, buffer_padding_size(@buffer))
       @buffer.freeze
       IO::Buffer.for(@buffer)
     end
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/integration/json-reader.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/integration/json-reader.rb
index b8d84a5a8e8..ddc8971c7e2 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/integration/json-reader.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/integration/json-reader.rb
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def read_schema
       def read_bitmap(bitmap)
         builder = DenseBitmapBuilder.new
         bitmap.each do |bit|
-          builder.append(bit == 1 ? true : false)
+          builder.append(bit == 1)
         end
         builder.finish
       end
@@ -248,8 +248,6 @@ def read_hex_value(value)
 
       def read_values(data, type)
         case type
-        when BooleanType
-          read_bitmap(data.collect {|boolean| boolean ? 1 : 0})
         when DayTimeIntervalType
           buffer_types = [type.buffer_type] * 2
           size = IO::Buffer.size_of(buffer_types)
@@ -314,14 +312,37 @@ def read_values(data, type)
         end
       end
 
+      def apply_validity(values, validity)
+        values.zip(validity).collect do |value, valid|
+          if valid == 1
+            value
+          else
+            nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
       def read_array(column, type)
         length = column["count"]
         case type
         when NullType
           type.build_array(length)
-        when BooleanType,
-             NumberType,
-             TemporalType,
+        when BooleanType
+          values = apply_validity(column["DATA"], column["VALIDITY"])
+          type.build_array(values)
+        when NumberType
+          values = column["DATA"].collect do |value|
+            if value.is_a?(String)
+              # If the type is 64bit such as `Int64Type`, `value` is a
+              # string not integer to round-trip data through JSON.
+              Integer(value, 10)
+            else
+              value
+            end
+          end
+          values = apply_validity(values, column["VALIDITY"])
+          type.build_array(values)
+        when TemporalType,
              FixedSizeBinaryType
           validity_buffer = read_bitmap(column["VALIDITY"])
           values_buffer = read_values(column["DATA"], type)
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/type.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/type.rb
index 38523cf00bf..affd9db0243 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/type.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-format/lib/arrow-format/type.rb
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ def name
       "Null"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size)
-      NullArray.new(size)
+    def build_array(...)
+      NullArray.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ def name
       "Boolean"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      BooleanArray.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      BooleanArray.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -106,8 +106,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :S8
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Int8Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "c"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Int8Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -130,8 +134,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :U8
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      UInt8Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "C"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      UInt8Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -154,8 +162,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :s16
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Int16Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "s"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Int16Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -178,8 +190,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :u16
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      UInt16Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "S"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      UInt16Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -202,8 +218,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Int32Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "l"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Int32Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -226,8 +246,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :u32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      UInt32Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "L"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      UInt32Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -250,8 +274,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :s64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Int64Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "q"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Int64Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -274,8 +302,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :u64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      UInt64Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "Q"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      UInt64Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -312,8 +344,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :f32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Float32Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "f"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Float32Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -336,8 +372,12 @@ def buffer_type
       :f64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Float64Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def pack_template
+      "d"
+    end
+
+    def build_array(...)
+      Float64Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -377,8 +417,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Date32Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Date32Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -401,8 +441,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Date64Array.new(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Date64Array.new(...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -440,8 +480,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Time32Array.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Time32Array.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -458,8 +498,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Time64Array.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Time64Array.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -480,8 +520,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      TimestampArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      TimestampArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_s
@@ -531,8 +571,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      YearMonthIntervalArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      YearMonthIntervalArray.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -549,8 +589,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      DayTimeIntervalArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      DayTimeIntervalArray.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -567,11 +607,8 @@ def buffer_types
       @buffer_types ||= [:s32, :s32, :s64]
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      MonthDayNanoIntervalArray.new(self,
-                                    size,
-                                    validity_buffer,
-                                    values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      MonthDayNanoIntervalArray.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -590,8 +627,8 @@ def buffer_type
       :s64
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      DurationArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      DurationArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_s
@@ -627,11 +664,8 @@ def encoding
       Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, values_buffer)
-      BinaryArray.new(size,
-                      validity_buffer,
-                      offsets_buffer,
-                      values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      BinaryArray.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -658,11 +692,8 @@ def encoding
       Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, values_buffer)
-      LargeBinaryArray.new(size,
-                           validity_buffer,
-                           offsets_buffer,
-                           values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      LargeBinaryArray.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -689,8 +720,8 @@ def encoding
       Encoding::UTF_8
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, values_buffer)
-      UTF8Array.new(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      UTF8Array.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -717,11 +748,8 @@ def encoding
       Encoding::UTF_8
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, values_buffer)
-      LargeUTF8Array.new(size,
-                         validity_buffer,
-                         offsets_buffer,
-                         values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      LargeUTF8Array.new(...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -740,8 +768,8 @@ def name
       "FixedSizeBinary"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      FixedSizeBinaryArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      FixedSizeBinaryArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_s
@@ -786,8 +814,8 @@ def name
       "Decimal128"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Decimal128Array.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Decimal128Array.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -800,8 +828,8 @@ def name
       "Decimal256"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
-      Decimal256Array.new(self, size, validity_buffer, values_buffer)
+    def build_array(...)
+      Decimal256Array.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -826,8 +854,8 @@ def offset_buffer_type
       :s32 # TODO: big endian support
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
-      ListArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
+    def build_array(...)
+      ListArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -844,8 +872,8 @@ def offset_buffer_type
       :s64 # TODO: big endian support
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
-      LargeListArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
+    def build_array(...)
+      LargeListArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -870,8 +898,8 @@ def to_s
       "#{super}<#{child.name}: #{child.type}>(#{@size})"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, child)
-      FixedSizeListArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, child)
+    def build_array(...)
+      FixedSizeListArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_flatbuffers
@@ -892,8 +920,8 @@ def name
       "Struct"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, children)
-      StructArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, children)
+    def build_array(...)
+      StructArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_s
@@ -942,8 +970,8 @@ def offset_buffer_type
       :s32 # TODO: big endian support
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
-      MapArray.new(self, size, validity_buffer, offsets_buffer, child)
+    def build_array(...)
+      MapArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def to_s
@@ -999,8 +1027,8 @@ def offset_buffer_type
       :s32
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, types_buffer, offsets_buffer, children)
-      DenseUnionArray.new(self, size, types_buffer, offsets_buffer, children)
+    def build_array(...)
+      DenseUnionArray.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1013,8 +1041,8 @@ def name
       "SparseUnion"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, types_buffer, children)
-      SparseUnionArray.new(self, size, types_buffer, children)
+    def build_array(...)
+      SparseUnionArray.new(self, ...)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1038,12 +1066,8 @@ def name
       "Dictionary"
     end
 
-    def build_array(size, validity_buffer, indices_buffer, dictionaries)
-      DictionaryArray.new(self,
-                          size,
-                          validity_buffer,
-                          indices_buffer,
-                          dictionaries)
+    def build_array(...)
+      DictionaryArray.new(self, ...)
     end
 
     def build_fb_field(fb_field)
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-boolean-array.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-boolean-array.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1d80966ddc5..00000000000
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-boolean-array.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
-# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
-# distributed with this work for additional information
-# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
-# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
-# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
-# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
-# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
-# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
-# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
-# specific language governing permissions and limitations
-# under the License.
-
-class TestBooleanArray < Test::Unit::TestCase
-  def test_mixed
-    assert_equal([true, nil, false],
-                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new([true, nil, false]).to_a)
-  end
-
-  def test_no_null
-    assert_equal([true, false],
-                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new([true, false]).to_a)
-  end
-
-  def test_more_8bits
-    values = [true] * 8 + [nil, false]
-    assert_equal(values,
-                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new(values).to_a)
-  end
-end
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-primitive-array.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-primitive-array.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e09193ebfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-format/test/test-primitive-array.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+class TestPrimitiveArray < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  def test_no_null
+    assert_equal([true, false],
+                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new([true, false]).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_null_multiple_bytes
+    values = [true] * 8 + [nil, false]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_boolean
+    assert_equal([true, nil, false],
+                 ArrowFormat::BooleanArray.new([true, nil, false]).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_int8
+    values = [-(2 ** 7), nil, (2 ** 7) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Int8Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_uint8
+    values = [0, nil, (2 ** 8) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::UInt8Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_int16
+    values = [-(2 ** 15), nil, (2 ** 15) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Int16Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_uint16
+    values = [0, nil, (2 ** 16) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::UInt16Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_int32
+    values = [-(2 ** 31), nil, (2 ** 31) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Int32Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_uint32
+    values = [0, nil, (2 ** 32) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::UInt32Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_int64
+    values = [-(2 ** 63), nil, (2 ** 63) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Int64Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_uint64
+    values = [0, nil, (2 ** 64) - 1]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::UInt64Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_float32
+    values = [-Float::INFINITY, -0.0, nil, +0.0, +Float::INFINITY]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Float32Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+
+  def test_float64
+    values = [-Float::INFINITY, -0.0, nil, +0.0, +Float::INFINITY]
+    assert_equal(values,
+                 ArrowFormat::Float64Array.new(values).to_a)
+  end
+end