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[VL] Support Spark 4.2.x #12569

Description

@malinjawi

Description

Spark 4.2.0 was released on July 14, 2026. Gluten should add initial Spark 4.2.x support, following the Spark 4.1.x support process in #11339.

Spark 4.2 expands Spark SQL/data types, Data Source V2, CDC, Arrow/PySpark behavior, and streaming/state-store areas. These should be validated during the bring-up for possible shim, compatibility, test, or follow-up offload work.

Proposed work

  • Fix compatibility issues introduced by Spark 4.2
  • Add Spark 4.2.x build profile
  • Add Spark 4.2.x shim layer
  • Add Spark 4.2.x unit test module
  • Add/enable Spark 4.2.x test suites in CI
  • Track Spark 4.2.x failed unit tests

Validation areas

  • new geospatial types/functions
  • DSv2 CDC, transactions, schema evolution, and metrics
  • Arrow/PySpark default behavior changes
  • streaming and state-store changes
  • new SQL functions, vector/sketch functions, and path resolution

Goal

Initial support should focus on build, shim, and unit-test compatibility first. Native offload support for new Spark 4.2 features can be handled in follow-up issues.

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