diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 69204ccaecd..a2d1653617b 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@ checksum = "683d7910e743518b0e34f1186f92494becacb047c7b6bf616c96772180fef923"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-chains"
-version = "0.2.23"
+version = "0.2.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "35d744058a9daa51a8cf22a3009607498fcf82d3cf4c5444dd8056cdf651f471"
+checksum = "4bc32535569185cbcb6ad5fa64d989a47bccb9a08e27284b1f2a3ccf16e6d010"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "num_enum",
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "auto_impl",
  "borsh",
  "c-kzg",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "either",
  "k256",
  "once_cell",
@@ -180,9 +180,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-dyn-abi"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f3b1db3281bcaf03cfadb9d125fac55603526cc1d0577da555dc6184f5188f6f"
+checksum = "3fdff496dd4e98a81f4861e66f7eaf5f2488971848bb42d9c892f871730245c8"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-json-abi",
  "alloy-primitives",
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "auto_impl",
  "borsh",
  "c-kzg",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "either",
  "serde",
  "serde_with",
@@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-json-abi"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6bfca3dbbcb7498f0f60e67aff2ad6aff57032e22eb2fd03189854be11a22c03"
+checksum = "5513d5e6bd1cba6bdcf5373470f559f320c05c8c59493b6e98912fbe6733943f"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "alloy-sol-type-parser",
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ checksum = "f72cf87cda808e593381fb9f005ffa4d2475552b7a6c5ac33d087bf77d82abd0"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "alloy-sol-types",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror 2.0.17",
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-sol-types",
  "async-trait",
  "auto_impl",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "futures-utils-wasm",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -321,20 +321,20 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-primitives"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5c850e6ccbd34b8a463a1e934ffc8fc00e1efc5e5489f2ad82d7797949f3bd4e"
+checksum = "7db950a29746be9e2f2c6288c8bd7a6202a81f999ce109a2933d2379970ec0fa"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-rlp",
  "arbitrary",
  "bytes",
  "cfg-if",
  "const-hex",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "foldhash 0.2.0",
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
- "hashbrown 0.16.1",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.0",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "itoa",
  "k256",
  "keccak-asm",
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ checksum = "64b728d511962dda67c1bc7ea7c03736ec275ed2cf4c35d9585298ac9ccf3b73"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -510,41 +510,41 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-sol-macro"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b2218e3aeb3ee665d117fdf188db0d5acfdc3f7b7502c827421cb78f26a2aec0"
+checksum = "f3ce480400051b5217f19d6e9a82d9010cdde20f1ae9c00d53591e4a1afbb312"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-sol-macro-expander",
  "alloy-sol-macro-input",
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-sol-macro-expander"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b231cb8cc48e66dd1c6e11a1402f3ac86c3667cbc13a6969a0ac030ba7bb8c88"
+checksum = "6d792e205ed3b72f795a8044c52877d2e6b6e9b1d13f431478121d8d4eaa9028"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-sol-macro-input",
  "const-hex",
  "heck",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "syn-solidity",
  "tiny-keccak",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-sol-macro-input"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "49a522d79929c1bf0152b07567a38f7eaed3ab149e53e7528afa78ff11994668"
+checksum = "0bd1247a8f90b465ef3f1207627547ec16940c35597875cdc09c49d58b19693c"
 dependencies = [
  "const-hex",
  "dunce",
@@ -552,15 +552,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "macro-string",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "syn-solidity",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-sol-type-parser"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0475c459859c8d9428af6ff3736614655a57efda8cc435a3b8b4796fa5ac1dd0"
+checksum = "954d1b2533b9b2c7959652df3076954ecb1122a28cc740aa84e7b0a49f6ac0a9"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "winnow",
@@ -568,9 +568,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alloy-sol-types"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "35287d9d821d5f26011bcd8d9101340898f761c9933cf50fca689bb7ed62fdeb"
+checksum = "70319350969a3af119da6fb3e9bddb1bce66c9ea933600cb297c8b1850ad2a3c"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-json-abi",
  "alloy-primitives",
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-json-rpc",
  "auto_impl",
  "base64 0.22.1",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "futures",
  "futures-utils-wasm",
  "parking_lot",
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "alloy-rlp",
  "arrayvec",
- "derive_more 2.1.0",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "nybbles",
  "serde",
  "smallvec",
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "darling 0.21.3",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "62945a2f7e6de02a31fe400aa489f0e0f5b2502e69f95f853adb82a96c7a6b60"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ checksum = "3109e49b1e4909e9db6515a30c633684d68cdeaa252f215214cb4fa1a5bfee2c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ checksum = "7b18050c2cd6fe86c3a76584ef5e0baf286d038cda203eb6223df2cc413565f7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1064,7 +1064,7 @@ checksum = "c7c24de15d275a1ecfd47a380fb4d5ec9bfe0933f309ed5e705b775596a3574d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1075,7 +1075,7 @@ checksum = "9035ad2d096bed7955a320ee7e2230574d28fd3c3a0f186cbea1ff3c7eed5dbb"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1104,7 +1104,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "16e2cdb6d5ed835199484bb92bb8b3edd526effe995c61732580439c1a67e2e9"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "log",
  "url",
 ]
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ checksum = "ffdcb70bdbc4d478427380519163274ac86e52916e10f0a8889adf0f96d3fee7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "axum-core",
  "bytes",
  "futures-util",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "itoa",
@@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "bytes",
  "futures-util",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "mime",
@@ -1215,9 +1215,9 @@ checksum = "72b3254f16251a8381aa12e40e3c4d2f0199f8c6508fbecb9d91f575e0fbb8c6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64ct"
-version = "1.8.1"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0e050f626429857a27ddccb31e0aca21356bfa709c04041aefddac081a8f068a"
+checksum = "55248b47b0caf0546f7988906588779981c43bb1bc9d0c44087278f80cdb44ba"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "beacon_chain"
@@ -1232,8 +1232,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "eth2_network_config",
  "ethereum_hashing",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "fork_choice",
@@ -1259,10 +1259,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "proto_array",
  "rand 0.9.2",
  "rayon",
+ "reth-era",
  "safe_arith",
  "sensitive_url",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "serde_yaml",
  "slasher",
  "slot_clock",
  "smallvec",
@@ -1385,7 +1387,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
  "rustc-hash 1.1.0",
  "shlex",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1405,7 +1407,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
  "rustc-hash 2.1.1",
  "shlex",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1425,15 +1427,15 @@ checksum = "5e764a1d40d510daf35e07be9eb06e75770908c27d411ee6c92109c9840eaaf7"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitcoin-io"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2dee39a0ee5b4095224a0cfc6bf4cc1baf0f9624b96b367e53b66d974e51d953"
+checksum = "0b47c4ab7a93edb0c7198c5535ed9b52b63095f4e9b45279c6736cec4b856baf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitcoin_hashes"
-version = "0.14.1"
+version = "0.14.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26ec84b80c482df901772e931a9a681e26a1b9ee2302edeff23cb30328745c8b"
+checksum = "bb18c03d0db0247e147a21a6faafd5a7eb851c743db062de72018b6b7e8e4d16"
 dependencies = [
  "bitcoin-io",
  "hex-conservative",
@@ -1508,7 +1510,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "blst",
  "ethereum_hashing",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "hex",
  "rand 0.9.2",
@@ -1555,7 +1557,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap",
  "clap_utils",
  "eth2_network_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "hex",
  "lighthouse_network",
  "log",
@@ -1570,9 +1572,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "borsh"
-version = "1.6.0"
+version = "1.5.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d1da5ab77c1437701eeff7c88d968729e7766172279eab0676857b3d63af7a6f"
+checksum = "ad8646f98db542e39fc66e68a20b2144f6a732636df7c2354e74645faaa433ce"
 dependencies = [
  "borsh-derive",
  "cfg_aliases",
@@ -1580,15 +1582,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "borsh-derive"
-version = "1.6.0"
+version = "1.5.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0686c856aa6aac0c4498f936d7d6a02df690f614c03e4d906d1018062b5c5e2c"
+checksum = "fdd1d3c0c2f5833f22386f252fe8ed005c7f59fdcddeef025c01b4c3b9fd9ac3"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro-crate",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1613,7 +1615,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bls",
  "context_deserialize",
  "eth2",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "lighthouse_version",
  "mockito",
  "reqwest",
@@ -1625,9 +1627,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
-version = "3.19.1"
+version = "3.19.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5dd9dc738b7a8311c7ade152424974d8115f2cdad61e8dab8dac9f2362298510"
+checksum = "46c5e41b57b8bba42a04676d81cb89e9ee8e859a1a66f80a5a72e1cb76b34d43"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "byte-slice-cast"
@@ -1667,9 +1669,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "camino"
-version = "1.2.2"
+version = "1.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e629a66d692cb9ff1a1c664e41771b3dcaf961985a9774c0eb0bd1b51cf60a48"
+checksum = "276a59bf2b2c967788139340c9f0c5b12d7fd6630315c15c217e559de85d2609"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_core",
 ]
@@ -1714,9 +1716,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.2.49"
+version = "1.2.46"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "90583009037521a116abf44494efecd645ba48b6622457080f080b85544e2215"
+checksum = "b97463e1064cb1b1c1384ad0a0b9c8abd0988e2a91f52606c80ef14aadb63e36"
 dependencies = [
  "find-msvc-tools",
  "jobserver",
@@ -1851,7 +1853,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "anstream",
  "anstyle",
  "clap_lex",
- "strsim",
+ "strsim 0.11.1",
  "terminal_size",
 ]
 
@@ -1864,7 +1866,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1881,7 +1883,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap",
  "dirs",
  "eth2_network_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "hex",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -1900,7 +1902,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "environment",
  "eth2",
  "eth2_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "futures",
  "genesis",
@@ -1934,9 +1936,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cmake"
-version = "0.1.57"
+version = "0.1.54"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75443c44cd6b379beb8c5b45d85d0773baf31cce901fe7bb252f4eff3008ef7d"
+checksum = "e7caa3f9de89ddbe2c607f4101924c5abec803763ae9534e4f4d7d8f84aa81f0"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
 ]
@@ -1970,9 +1972,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "compare_fields"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f6f45d0b4d61b582303179fb7a1a142bc9d647b7583db3b0d5f25a21d286fab9"
+checksum = "05162add7c8618791829528194a271dca93f69194d35b19db1ca7fbfb8275278"
 dependencies = [
  "compare_fields_derive",
  "itertools 0.14.0",
@@ -1980,12 +1982,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "compare_fields_derive"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "92ff1dbbda10d495b2c92749c002b2025e0be98f42d1741ecc9ff820d2f04dce"
+checksum = "5f5ee468b2e568b668e2a686112935e7bbe9a81bf4fa6b9f6fc3410ea45fb7ce"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2082,9 +2084,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "context_deserialize"
-version = "0.2.1"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4c523eea4af094b5970c321f4604abc42c5549d3cbae332e98325403fbbdbf70"
+checksum = "5c5f9ea0a0ae2de4943f5ca71590b6dbd0b952475f0a0cafb30a470cec78c8b9"
 dependencies = [
  "context_deserialize_derive",
  "serde",
@@ -2092,12 +2094,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "context_deserialize_derive"
-version = "0.2.1"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3b7bf98c48ffa511b14bb3c76202c24a8742cea1efa9570391c5d41373419a09"
+checksum = "5c57b2db1e4e3ed804dcc49894a144b68fe6c754b8f545eb1dda7ad3c7dbe7e6"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2106,15 +2108,6 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6245d59a3e82a7fc217c5828a6692dbc6dfb63a0c8c90495621f7b9d79704a0e"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "convert_case"
-version = "0.10.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "633458d4ef8c78b72454de2d54fd6ab2e60f9e02be22f3c6104cdc8a4e0fceb9"
-dependencies = [
- "unicode-segmentation",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "core-foundation"
 version = "0.9.4"
@@ -2161,9 +2154,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crc"
-version = "3.4.0"
+version = "3.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5eb8a2a1cd12ab0d987a5d5e825195d372001a4094a0376319d5a0ad71c1ba0d"
+checksum = "9710d3b3739c2e349eb44fe848ad0b7c8cb1e42bd87ee49371df2f7acaf3e675"
 dependencies = [
  "crc-catalog",
 ]
@@ -2331,7 +2324,27 @@ checksum = "f46882e17999c6cc590af592290432be3bce0428cb0d5f8b6715e4dc7b383eb3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "darling"
+version = "0.13.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a01d95850c592940db9b8194bc39f4bc0e89dee5c4265e4b1807c34a9aba453c"
+dependencies = [
+ "darling_core 0.13.4",
+ "darling_macro 0.13.4",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "darling"
+version = "0.20.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fc7f46116c46ff9ab3eb1597a45688b6715c6e628b5c133e288e709a29bcb4ee"
+dependencies = [
+ "darling_core 0.20.11",
+ "darling_macro 0.20.11",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2345,63 +2358,79 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "darling"
-version = "0.23.0"
+name = "darling_core"
+version = "0.13.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "25ae13da2f202d56bd7f91c25fba009e7717a1e4a1cc98a76d844b65ae912e9d"
+checksum = "859d65a907b6852c9361e3185c862aae7fafd2887876799fa55f5f99dc40d610"
 dependencies = [
- "darling_core 0.23.0",
- "darling_macro 0.23.0",
+ "fnv",
+ "ident_case",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "strsim 0.10.0",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "darling_core"
-version = "0.21.3"
+version = "0.20.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1247195ecd7e3c85f83c8d2a366e4210d588e802133e1e355180a9870b517ea4"
+checksum = "0d00b9596d185e565c2207a0b01f8bd1a135483d02d9b7b0a54b11da8d53412e"
 dependencies = [
  "fnv",
  "ident_case",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "serde",
- "strsim",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "strsim 0.11.1",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "darling_core"
-version = "0.23.0"
+version = "0.21.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9865a50f7c335f53564bb694ef660825eb8610e0a53d3e11bf1b0d3df31e03b0"
+checksum = "1247195ecd7e3c85f83c8d2a366e4210d588e802133e1e355180a9870b517ea4"
 dependencies = [
+ "fnv",
  "ident_case",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "strsim",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "serde",
+ "strsim 0.11.1",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "darling_macro"
-version = "0.21.3"
+version = "0.13.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d38308df82d1080de0afee5d069fa14b0326a88c14f15c5ccda35b4a6c414c81"
+checksum = "9c972679f83bdf9c42bd905396b6c3588a843a17f0f16dfcfa3e2c5d57441835"
 dependencies = [
- "darling_core 0.21.3",
+ "darling_core 0.13.4",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "darling_macro"
-version = "0.23.0"
+version = "0.20.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ac3984ec7bd6cfa798e62b4a642426a5be0e68f9401cfc2a01e3fa9ea2fcdb8d"
+checksum = "fc34b93ccb385b40dc71c6fceac4b2ad23662c7eeb248cf10d529b7e055b6ead"
 dependencies = [
- "darling_core 0.23.0",
+ "darling_core 0.20.11",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "darling_macro"
+version = "0.21.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d38308df82d1080de0afee5d069fa14b0326a88c14f15c5ccda35b4a6c414c81"
+dependencies = [
+ "darling_core 0.21.3",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2461,7 +2490,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8d162beedaa69905488a8da94f5ac3edb4dd4788b732fadb7bd120b2625c1976"
 dependencies = [
  "data-encoding",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2506,7 +2535,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-json-abi",
  "alloy-primitives",
  "bls",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "hex",
  "reqwest",
  "serde_json",
@@ -2550,7 +2579,7 @@ checksum = "8034092389675178f570469e6c3b0465d3d30b4505c294a6550db47f3c17ad18"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2582,7 +2611,7 @@ checksum = "1e567bd82dcff979e4b03460c307b3cdc9e96fde3d73bed1496d2bc75d9dd62a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2591,33 +2620,31 @@ version = "0.99.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6edb4b64a43d977b8e99788fe3a04d483834fba1215a7e02caa415b626497f7f"
 dependencies = [
- "convert_case 0.4.0",
+ "convert_case",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "rustc_version 0.4.1",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "derive_more"
-version = "2.1.0"
+version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "10b768e943bed7bf2cab53df09f4bc34bfd217cdb57d971e769874c9a6710618"
+checksum = "093242cf7570c207c83073cf82f79706fe7b8317e98620a47d5be7c3d8497678"
 dependencies = [
  "derive_more-impl",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "derive_more-impl"
-version = "2.1.0"
+version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d286bfdaf75e988b4a78e013ecd79c581e06399ab53fbacd2d916c2f904f30b"
+checksum = "bda628edc44c4bb645fbe0f758797143e4e07926f7ebf4e9bdfbd3d2ce621df3"
 dependencies = [
- "convert_case 0.10.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "rustc_version 0.4.1",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "unicode-xid",
 ]
 
@@ -2733,7 +2760,7 @@ checksum = "97369cbbc041bc366949bc74d34658d6cda5621039731c6310521892a3a20ae0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2828,7 +2855,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "enum-ordinalize",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2842,8 +2869,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "context_deserialize",
  "educe",
  "eth2_network_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "fork_choice",
  "fs2",
@@ -3051,7 +3078,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3071,7 +3098,7 @@ checksum = "8ca9601fb2d62598ee17836250842873a413586e5d7ed88b356e38ddbb0ec631"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3122,8 +3149,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "eip_3076",
  "eth2_keystore",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "futures",
  "futures-util",
  "mediatype",
@@ -3207,7 +3234,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "discv5",
  "eth2_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "kzg",
  "pretty_reqwest_error",
@@ -3274,15 +3301,30 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethereum_ssz"
-version = "0.10.1"
+version = "0.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0dcddb2554d19cde19b099fadddde576929d7a4d0c1cd3512d1fd95cf174375c"
+dependencies = [
+ "alloy-primitives",
+ "ethereum_serde_utils",
+ "itertools 0.13.0",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_derive",
+ "smallvec",
+ "typenum",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethereum_ssz"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2128a84f7a3850d54ee343334e3392cca61f9f6aa9441eec481b9394b43c238b"
+checksum = "7e8cd8c4f47dfb947dbfe3cdf2945ae1da808dbedc592668658e827a12659ba1"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "arbitrary",
  "context_deserialize",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "itertools 0.14.0",
+ "itertools 0.13.0",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "smallvec",
@@ -3291,14 +3333,26 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethereum_ssz_derive"
-version = "0.10.1"
+version = "0.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a657b6b3b7e153637dc6bdc6566ad9279d9ee11a15b12cfb24a2e04360637e9f"
+dependencies = [
+ "darling 0.20.11",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethereum_ssz_derive"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cd596f91cff004fc8d02be44c21c0f9b93140a04b66027ae052f5f8e05b48eba"
+checksum = "78d247bc40823c365a62e572441a8f8b12df03f171713f06bc76180fcd56ab71"
 dependencies = [
- "darling 0.23.0",
+ "darling 0.20.11",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3382,7 +3436,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "eth2",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "fork_choice",
  "hash-db",
@@ -3580,8 +3634,8 @@ name = "fork_choice"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "beacon_chain",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "logging",
  "metrics",
@@ -3702,7 +3756,7 @@ checksum = "162ee34ebcb7c64a8abebc059ce0fee27c2262618d7b60ed8faf72fef13c3650"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3775,7 +3829,7 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 dependencies = [
  "bls",
  "ethereum_hashing",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "int_to_bytes",
  "merkle_proof",
  "rayon",
@@ -3865,7 +3919,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-sink",
  "futures-util",
  "http 0.2.12",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "slab",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-util",
@@ -3883,8 +3937,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "fnv",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-sink",
- "http 1.4.0",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "http 1.3.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "slab",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-util",
@@ -3946,13 +4000,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
-version = "0.16.1"
+version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "841d1cc9bed7f9236f321df977030373f4a4163ae1a7dbfe1a51a2c1a51d9100"
+checksum = "5419bdc4f6a9207fbeba6d11b604d481addf78ecd10c11ad51e76c2f6482748d"
 dependencies = [
  "foldhash 0.2.0",
  "serde",
- "serde_core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3975,11 +4028,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashlink"
-version = "0.10.0"
+version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7382cf6263419f2d8df38c55d7da83da5c18aef87fc7a7fc1fb1e344edfe14c1"
+checksum = "ea0b22561a9c04a7cb1a302c013e0259cd3b4bb619f145b32f72b8b4bcbed230"
 dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4049,9 +4102,9 @@ checksum = "7f24254aa9a54b5c858eaee2f5bccdb46aaf0e486a595ed5fd8f86ba55232a70"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hex-conservative"
-version = "0.2.2"
+version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fda06d18ac606267c40c04e41b9947729bf8b9efe74bd4e82b61a5f26a510b9f"
+checksum = "5313b072ce3c597065a808dbf612c4c8e8590bdbf8b579508bf7a762c5eae6cd"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
 ]
@@ -4140,11 +4193,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "http"
-version = "1.4.0"
+version = "1.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e3ba2a386d7f85a81f119ad7498ebe444d2e22c2af0b86b069416ace48b3311a"
+checksum = "f4a85d31aea989eead29a3aaf9e1115a180df8282431156e533de47660892565"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
+ "fnv",
  "itoa",
 ]
 
@@ -4166,7 +4220,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1efedce1fb8e6913f23e0c92de8e62cd5b772a67e7b3946df930a62566c93184"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4177,7 +4231,7 @@ checksum = "b021d93e26becf5dc7e1b75b1bed1fd93124b374ceb73f43d4d4eafec896a64a"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-core",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
@@ -4196,7 +4250,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "either",
  "eth2",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "futures",
@@ -4309,7 +4363,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
  "h2 0.4.12",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "httparse",
  "httpdate",
@@ -4327,7 +4381,7 @@ version = "0.27.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3c93eb611681b207e1fe55d5a71ecf91572ec8a6705cdb6857f7d8d5242cf58"
 dependencies = [
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
  "hyper-util",
  "rustls 0.23.35",
@@ -4353,16 +4407,16 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper-util"
-version = "0.1.19"
+version = "0.1.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "727805d60e7938b76b826a6ef209eb70eaa1812794f9424d4a4e2d740662df5f"
+checksum = "52e9a2a24dc5c6821e71a7030e1e14b7b632acac55c40e9d2e082c621261bb56"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
  "ipnet",
@@ -4447,9 +4501,9 @@ checksum = "7aedcccd01fc5fe81e6b489c15b247b8b0690feb23304303a9e560f37efc560a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_properties"
-version = "2.1.2"
+version = "2.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "020bfc02fe870ec3a66d93e677ccca0562506e5872c650f893269e08615d74ec"
+checksum = "e93fcd3157766c0c8da2f8cff6ce651a31f0810eaa1c51ec363ef790bbb5fb99"
 dependencies = [
  "icu_collections",
  "icu_locale_core",
@@ -4461,9 +4515,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_properties_data"
-version = "2.1.2"
+version = "2.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "616c294cf8d725c6afcd8f55abc17c56464ef6211f9ed59cccffe534129c77af"
+checksum = "02845b3647bb045f1100ecd6480ff52f34c35f82d9880e029d329c21d1054899"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_provider"
@@ -4560,7 +4614,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "attohttpc",
  "bytes",
  "futures",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
  "hyper-util",
@@ -4588,7 +4642,7 @@ checksum = "a0eb5a3343abf848c0984fe4604b2b105da9539376e24fc0a3b0007411ae4fd9"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4604,13 +4658,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "indexmap"
-version = "2.12.1"
+version = "2.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ad4bb2b565bca0645f4d68c5c9af97fba094e9791da685bf83cb5f3ce74acf2"
+checksum = "6717a8d2a5a929a1a2eb43a12812498ed141a0bcfb7e8f7844fbdbe4303bba9f"
 dependencies = [
  "arbitrary",
  "equivalent",
- "hashbrown 0.16.1",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.0",
  "serde",
  "serde_core",
 ]
@@ -4759,9 +4813,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.83"
+version = "0.3.82"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "464a3709c7f55f1f721e5389aa6ea4e3bc6aba669353300af094b29ffbdde1d8"
+checksum = "b011eec8cc36da2aab2d5cff675ec18454fad408585853910a202391cf9f8e65"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -4836,8 +4890,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "educe",
  "ethereum_hashing",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "hex",
  "rayon",
  "rust_eth_kzg",
@@ -4877,7 +4931,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "eth2_network_config",
  "eth2_wallet",
  "ethereum_hashing",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "hex",
@@ -4925,9 +4979,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.178"
+version = "0.2.177"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "37c93d8daa9d8a012fd8ab92f088405fb202ea0b6ab73ee2482ae66af4f42091"
+checksum = "2874a2af47a2325c2001a6e6fad9b16a53b802102b528163885171cf92b15976"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libloading"
@@ -4963,7 +5017,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p"
 version = "0.56.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "either",
@@ -4994,7 +5048,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-allow-block-list"
 version = "0.6.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "libp2p-core",
  "libp2p-identity",
@@ -5004,7 +5058,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-connection-limits"
 version = "0.6.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "libp2p-core",
  "libp2p-identity",
@@ -5014,7 +5068,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-core"
 version = "0.43.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "either",
  "fnv",
@@ -5038,7 +5092,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-dns"
 version = "0.44.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "futures",
@@ -5053,7 +5107,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-gossipsub"
 version = "0.50.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "async-channel 2.5.0",
  "asynchronous-codec",
@@ -5065,7 +5119,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
  "getrandom 0.2.16",
- "hashlink 0.10.0",
+ "hashlink 0.11.0",
  "hex_fmt",
  "libp2p-core",
  "libp2p-identity",
@@ -5083,7 +5137,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-identify"
 version = "0.47.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "asynchronous-codec",
  "either",
@@ -5123,7 +5177,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-mdns"
 version = "0.48.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "hickory-proto",
@@ -5141,7 +5195,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-metrics"
 version = "0.17.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "libp2p-core",
@@ -5157,7 +5211,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-mplex"
 version = "0.43.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "asynchronous-codec",
  "bytes",
@@ -5175,7 +5229,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-noise"
 version = "0.46.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "asynchronous-codec",
  "bytes",
@@ -5197,7 +5251,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-quic"
 version = "0.13.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
@@ -5217,14 +5271,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-swarm"
-version = "0.47.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+version = "0.47.1"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "either",
  "fnv",
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
- "hashlink 0.10.0",
+ "hashlink 0.11.0",
  "libp2p-core",
  "libp2p-identity",
  "libp2p-swarm-derive",
@@ -5239,17 +5293,17 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-swarm-derive"
 version = "0.35.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-tcp"
 version = "0.44.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
@@ -5264,7 +5318,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-tls"
 version = "0.6.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-rustls",
@@ -5282,7 +5336,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-upnp"
 version = "0.6.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "futures-timer",
@@ -5296,7 +5350,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-yamux"
 version = "0.47.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "either",
  "futures",
@@ -5309,9 +5363,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libredox"
-version = "0.1.11"
+version = "0.1.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "df15f6eac291ed1cf25865b1ee60399f57e7c227e7f51bdbd4c5270396a9ed50"
+checksum = "416f7e718bdb06000964960ffa43b4335ad4012ae8b99060261aa4a8088d5ccb"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.10.0",
  "libc",
@@ -5330,9 +5384,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libz-rs-sys"
-version = "0.5.4"
+version = "0.5.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "15413ef615ad868d4d65dce091cb233b229419c7c0c4bcaa746c0901c49ff39c"
+checksum = "c10501e7805cee23da17c7790e59df2870c0d4043ec6d03f67d31e2b53e77415"
 dependencies = [
  "zlib-rs",
 ]
@@ -5414,8 +5468,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "discv5",
  "either",
  "eth2",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "fnv",
  "futures",
@@ -5539,9 +5593,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.29"
+version = "0.4.28"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e5032e24019045c762d3c0f28f5b6b8bbf38563a65908389bf7978758920897"
+checksum = "34080505efa8e45a4b816c349525ebe327ceaa8559756f0356cba97ef3bf7432"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "logging"
@@ -5622,7 +5676,7 @@ checksum = "1b27834086c65ec3f9387b096d66e99f221cf081c2b738042aa252bcd41204e3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5644,13 +5698,13 @@ checksum = "3e2e65a1a2e43cfcb47a895c4c8b10d1f4a61097f9f254f183aee60cad9c651d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "match-lookup"
-version = "0.1.2"
+version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "757aee279b8bdbb9f9e676796fd459e4207a1f986e87886700abf589f5abf771"
+checksum = "1265724d8cb29dbbc2b0f06fffb8bf1a8c0cf73a78eede9ba73a4a66c52a981e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5719,25 +5773,25 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "metastruct"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "969a1be9bd80794bdf93b23ab552c2ec6f3e83b33164824553fd996cdad513b8"
+checksum = "d74f54f231f9a18d77393ecc5cc7ab96709b2a61ee326c2b2b291009b0cc5a07"
 dependencies = [
  "metastruct_macro",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "metastruct_macro"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "de9164f767d73a507c19205868c84da411dc7795f4bdabf497d3dd93cfef9930"
+checksum = "985e7225f3a4dfbec47a0c6a730a874185fda840d365d7bbd6ba199dd81796d5"
 dependencies = [
- "darling 0.23.0",
- "itertools 0.14.0",
+ "darling 0.13.4",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "smallvec",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5758,8 +5812,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "context_deserialize",
  "educe",
  "ethereum_hashing",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "itertools 0.13.0",
  "parking_lot",
  "rayon",
@@ -5805,9 +5859,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "1.1.1"
+version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a69bcab0ad47271a0234d9422b131806bf3968021e5dc9328caf2d4cd58557fc"
+checksum = "69d83b0086dc8ecf3ce9ae2874b2d1290252e2a30720bea58a5c6639b0092873"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "wasi",
@@ -5843,7 +5897,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5855,26 +5909,25 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mockito"
-version = "1.7.1"
+version = "1.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7e0603425789b4a70fcc4ac4f5a46a566c116ee3e2a6b768dc623f7719c611de"
+checksum = "7760e0e418d9b7e5777c0374009ca4c93861b9066f18cb334a20ce50ab63aa48"
 dependencies = [
  "assert-json-diff",
  "bytes",
  "colored",
- "futures-core",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "futures-util",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
  "hyper-util",
  "log",
- "pin-project-lite",
  "rand 0.9.2",
  "regex",
  "serde_json",
@@ -5898,7 +5951,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustc_version 0.4.1",
  "smallvec",
  "tagptr",
- "uuid 1.19.0",
+ "uuid 1.18.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5970,7 +6023,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "multistream-select"
 version = "0.13.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures",
@@ -6059,7 +6112,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "educe",
  "eth2",
  "eth2_network_config",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "execution_layer",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "fnv",
@@ -6082,6 +6135,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rand 0.9.2",
  "rand_chacha 0.3.1",
  "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
+ "reth-era",
  "serde_json",
  "slot_clock",
  "smallvec",
@@ -6226,9 +6280,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "num-conv"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cf97ec579c3c42f953ef76dbf8d55ac91fb219dde70e49aa4a6b7d74e9919050"
+checksum = "51d515d32fb182ee37cda2ccdcb92950d6a3c2893aa280e540671c2cd0f3b1d9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "num-integer"
@@ -6288,7 +6342,7 @@ checksum = "ff32365de1b6743cb203b710788263c44a03de03802daf96092f2da4fe6ba4d7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6392,7 +6446,7 @@ checksum = "50f6639e842a97dbea8886e3439710ae463120091e2e064518ba8e716e6ac36d"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "bytes",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "opentelemetry",
  "reqwest",
 ]
@@ -6403,7 +6457,7 @@ version = "0.30.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dbee664a43e07615731afc539ca60c6d9f1a9425e25ca09c57bc36c87c55852b"
 dependencies = [
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "opentelemetry",
  "opentelemetry-http",
  "opentelemetry-proto",
@@ -6452,8 +6506,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitvec",
  "bls",
  "educe",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "itertools 0.14.0",
  "maplit",
@@ -6537,7 +6591,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6612,9 +6666,9 @@ checksum = "9b4f627cb1b25917193a259e49bdad08f671f8d9708acfd5fe0a8c1455d87220"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest"
-version = "2.8.4"
+version = "2.8.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cbcfd20a6d4eeba40179f05735784ad32bdaef05ce8e8af05f180d45bb3e7e22"
+checksum = "989e7521a040efde50c3ab6bbadafbe15ab6dc042686926be59ac35d74607df4"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
  "ucd-trie",
@@ -6637,7 +6691,7 @@ checksum = "6e918e4ff8c4549eb882f14b3a4bc8c8bc93de829416eacf579f1207a8fbf861"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6840,7 +6894,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "479ca8adacdd7ce8f1fb39ce9ecccbfe93a3f1344b3d0d97f20bc0196208f62b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6882,7 +6936,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error-attr2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6949,7 +7003,7 @@ checksum = "9adf1691c04c0a5ff46ff8f262b58beb07b0dbb61f96f9f54f6cbd82106ed87f"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6979,7 +7033,7 @@ checksum = "095a99f75c69734802359b682be8daaf8980296731f6470434ea2c652af1dd30"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7002,7 +7056,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.14.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7018,8 +7072,8 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "proto_array"
 version = "0.2.0"
 dependencies = [
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "safe_arith",
  "serde",
@@ -7064,7 +7118,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "quick-protobuf-codec"
 version = "0.3.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "asynchronous-codec",
  "bytes",
@@ -7253,9 +7307,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rapidhash"
-version = "4.1.1"
+version = "4.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d8e65c75143ce5d47c55b510297eeb1182f3c739b6043c537670e9fc18612dae"
+checksum = "2988730ee014541157f48ce4dcc603940e00915edc3c7f9a8d78092256bb2493"
 dependencies = [
  "rustversion",
 ]
@@ -7348,7 +7402,7 @@ checksum = "b7186006dcb21920990093f30e3dea63b7d6e977bf1256be20c3563a5db070da"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7382,16 +7436,16 @@ checksum = "7a2d987857b319362043e95f5353c0535c1f58eec5336fdfcf626430af7def58"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "reqwest"
-version = "0.12.26"
+version = "0.12.24"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3b4c14b2d9afca6a60277086b0cc6a6ae0b568f6f7916c943a8cdc79f8be240f"
+checksum = "9d0946410b9f7b082a427e4ef5c8ff541a88b357bc6c637c40db3a68ac70a36f"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
@@ -7444,6 +7498,21 @@ version = "0.7.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e061d1b48cb8d38042de4ae0a7a6401009d6143dc80d2e2d6f31f0bdd6470c7"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "reth-era"
+version = "1.9.3"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth?rev=62abfdaeb54e8a205a8ee085ddebd56047d93374#62abfdaeb54e8a205a8ee085ddebd56047d93374"
+dependencies = [
+ "alloy-consensus",
+ "alloy-eips",
+ "alloy-primitives",
+ "alloy-rlp",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.9.1",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.9.1",
+ "snap",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rfc6979"
 version = "0.4.0"
@@ -7517,9 +7586,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ruint"
-version = "1.17.2"
+version = "1.17.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c141e807189ad38a07276942c6623032d3753c8859c146104ac2e4d68865945a"
+checksum = "a68df0380e5c9d20ce49534f292a36a7514ae21350726efe1865bdb1fa91d278"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-rlp",
  "arbitrary",
@@ -7691,9 +7760,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-pki-types"
-version = "1.13.2"
+version = "1.13.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "21e6f2ab2928ca4291b86736a8bd920a277a399bba1589409d72154ff87c1282"
+checksum = "94182ad936a0c91c324cd46c6511b9510ed16af436d7b5bab34beab0afd55f7a"
 dependencies = [
  "web-time",
  "zeroize",
@@ -7742,7 +7811,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rw-stream-sink"
 version = "0.4.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5e3519fb66b92c7f7c0dc744ab360fd8b669fe54"
+source = "git+https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p.git#5bad680f71a88be9a028e349770195d8a72356ce"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "pin-project",
@@ -7978,7 +8047,7 @@ checksum = "d540f220d3187173da220f885ab66608367b6574e925011a9353e4badda91d79"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8002,7 +8071,7 @@ checksum = "175ee3e80ae9982737ca543e96133087cbd9a485eecc3bc4de9c1a37b47ea59c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8019,15 +8088,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with"
-version = "3.16.1"
+version = "3.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4fa237f2807440d238e0364a218270b98f767a00d3dada77b1c53ae88940e2e7"
+checksum = "10574371d41b0d9b2cff89418eda27da52bcaff2cc8741db26382a77c29131f1"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "chrono",
  "hex",
  "indexmap 1.9.3",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "schemars 0.9.0",
  "schemars 1.1.0",
  "serde_core",
@@ -8038,14 +8107,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with_macros"
-version = "3.16.1"
+version = "3.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "52a8e3ca0ca629121f70ab50f95249e5a6f925cc0f6ffe8256c45b728875706c"
+checksum = "08a72d8216842fdd57820dc78d840bef99248e35fb2554ff923319e60f2d686b"
 dependencies = [
  "darling 0.21.3",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8054,7 +8123,7 @@ version = "0.9.34+deprecated"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6a8b1a1a2ebf674015cc02edccce75287f1a0130d394307b36743c2f5d504b47"
 dependencies = [
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "itoa",
  "ryu",
  "serde",
@@ -8130,9 +8199,9 @@ checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "signal-hook-registry"
-version = "1.4.7"
+version = "1.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7664a098b8e616bdfcc2dc0e9ac44eb231eedf41db4e9fe95d8d32ec728dedad"
+checksum = "b2a4719bff48cee6b39d12c020eeb490953ad2443b7055bd0b21fca26bd8c28b"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
@@ -8167,9 +8236,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "simd-adler32"
-version = "0.3.8"
+version = "0.3.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e320a6c5ad31d271ad523dcf3ad13e2767ad8b1cb8f047f75a8aeaf8da139da2"
+checksum = "d66dc143e6b11c1eddc06d5c423cfc97062865baf299914ab64caa38182078fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "similar"
@@ -8225,8 +8294,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "bls",
  "byteorder",
  "educe",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "filesystem",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "flate2",
@@ -8378,7 +8447,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "context_deserialize",
  "educe",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "itertools 0.14.0",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
@@ -8402,8 +8471,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "bls",
  "educe",
  "ethereum_hashing",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "int_to_bytes",
  "integer-sqrt",
@@ -8430,7 +8499,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "beacon_chain",
  "bls",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "state_processing",
  "tokio",
@@ -8452,8 +8521,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "criterion",
  "db-key",
  "directory",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "itertools 0.14.0",
  "leveldb",
@@ -8480,6 +8549,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "zstd",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "strsim"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "73473c0e59e6d5812c5dfe2a064a6444949f089e20eec9a2e5506596494e4623"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
 version = "0.11.1"
@@ -8504,7 +8579,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8515,16 +8590,16 @@ checksum = "13c2bddecc57b384dee18652358fb23172facb8a2c51ccc10d74c157bdea3292"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "superstruct"
-version = "0.10.1"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bae4a9ccd7882533c1f210e400763ec6ee64c390fc12248c238276281863719e"
+checksum = "3b986e4a629907f20a2c2a639a75bc22a8b5d99b444e0d83c395f4cb309022bf"
 dependencies = [
- "darling 0.23.0",
- "itertools 0.14.0",
+ "darling 0.20.11",
+ "itertools 0.13.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "smallvec",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8550,9 +8625,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.111"
+version = "2.0.110"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "390cc9a294ab71bdb1aa2e99d13be9c753cd2d7bd6560c77118597410c4d2e87"
+checksum = "a99801b5bd34ede4cf3fc688c5919368fea4e4814a4664359503e6015b280aea"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -8561,14 +8636,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn-solidity"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "60ceeb7c95a4536de0c0e1649bd98d1a72a4bb9590b1f3e45a8a0bfdb7c188c0"
+checksum = "ff790eb176cc81bb8936aed0f7b9f14fc4670069a2d371b3e3b0ecce908b2cb3"
 dependencies = [
  "paste",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8588,7 +8663,7 @@ checksum = "728a70f3dbaf5bab7f0c4b1ac8d7ae5ea60a4b5549c8a5914361c99147a709d2"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8706,7 +8781,7 @@ name = "test_random_derive"
 version = "0.2.0"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8735,7 +8810,7 @@ checksum = "4fee6c4efc90059e10f81e6d42c60a18f76588c3d74cb83a0b242a2b6c7504c1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8746,7 +8821,7 @@ checksum = "3ff15c8ecd7de3849db632e14d18d2571fa09dfc5ed93479bc4485c7a517c913"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8800,30 +8875,30 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time"
-version = "0.3.47"
+version = "0.3.44"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "743bd48c283afc0388f9b8827b976905fb217ad9e647fae3a379a9283c4def2c"
+checksum = "91e7d9e3bb61134e77bde20dd4825b97c010155709965fedf0f49bb138e52a9d"
 dependencies = [
  "deranged",
  "itoa",
  "num-conv",
  "powerfmt",
- "serde_core",
+ "serde",
  "time-core",
  "time-macros",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time-core"
-version = "0.1.8"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7694e1cfe791f8d31026952abf09c69ca6f6fa4e1a1229e18988f06a04a12dca"
+checksum = "40868e7c1d2f0b8d73e4a8c7f0ff63af4f6d19be117e90bd73eb1d62cf831c6b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time-macros"
-version = "0.2.27"
+version = "0.2.24"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2e70e4c5a0e0a8a4823ad65dfe1a6930e4f4d756dcd9dd7939022b5e8c501215"
+checksum = "30cfb0125f12d9c277f35663a0a33f8c30190f4e4574868a330595412d34ebf3"
 dependencies = [
  "num-conv",
  "time-core",
@@ -8927,7 +9002,7 @@ checksum = "af407857209536a95c8e56f8231ef2c2e2aff839b22e07a1ffcbc617e9db9fa5"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8980,20 +9055,20 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
-version = "0.7.4+spec-1.0.0"
+version = "0.7.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fe3cea6b2aa3b910092f6abd4053ea464fab5f9c170ba5e9a6aead16ec4af2b6"
+checksum = "f2cdb639ebbc97961c51720f858597f7f24c4fc295327923af55b74c3c724533"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.23.10+spec-1.0.0"
+version = "0.23.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "84c8b9f757e028cee9fa244aea147aab2a9ec09d5325a9b01e0a49730c2b5269"
+checksum = "6485ef6d0d9b5d0ec17244ff7eb05310113c3f316f2d14200d4de56b3cb98f8d"
 dependencies = [
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "toml_datetime",
  "toml_parser",
  "winnow",
@@ -9001,9 +9076,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_parser"
-version = "1.0.5+spec-1.0.0"
+version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4c03bee5ce3696f31250db0bbaff18bc43301ce0e8db2ed1f07cbb2acf89984c"
+checksum = "c0cbe268d35bdb4bb5a56a2de88d0ad0eb70af5384a99d648cd4b3d04039800e"
 dependencies = [
  "winnow",
 ]
@@ -9020,7 +9095,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "h2 0.4.12",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
@@ -9047,7 +9122,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "http-body-util",
  "hyper 1.8.1",
@@ -9094,7 +9169,7 @@ checksum = "d039ad9159c98b70ecfd540b2573b97f7f52c3e8d9f8ad57a24b916a536975f9"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "slab",
  "sync_wrapper",
@@ -9107,14 +9182,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tower-http"
-version = "0.6.8"
+version = "0.6.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d4e6559d53cc268e5031cd8429d05415bc4cb4aefc4aa5d6cc35fbf5b924a1f8"
+checksum = "adc82fd73de2a9722ac5da747f12383d2bfdb93591ee6c58486e0097890f05f2"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.10.0",
  "bytes",
  "futures-util",
- "http 1.4.0",
+ "http 1.3.1",
  "http-body 1.0.1",
  "iri-string",
  "pin-project-lite",
@@ -9137,9 +9212,9 @@ checksum = "8df9b6e13f2d32c91b9bd719c00d1958837bc7dec474d94952798cc8e69eeec3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.41"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2d15d90a0b5c19378952d479dc858407149d7bb45a14de0142f6c534b16fc647"
+checksum = "784e0ac535deb450455cbfa28a6f0df145ea1bb7ae51b821cf5e7927fdcfbdd0"
 dependencies = [
  "log",
  "pin-project-lite",
@@ -9149,32 +9224,32 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-appender"
-version = "0.2.4"
+version = "0.2.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "786d480bce6247ab75f005b14ae1624ad978d3029d9113f0a22fa1ac773faeaf"
+checksum = "3566e8ce28cc0a3fe42519fc80e6b4c943cc4c8cef275620eb8dac2d3d4e06cf"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-channel",
- "thiserror 2.0.17",
+ "thiserror 1.0.69",
  "time",
  "tracing-subscriber",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-attributes"
-version = "0.1.31"
+version = "0.1.30"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7490cfa5ec963746568740651ac6781f701c9c5ea257c58e057f3ba8cf69e8da"
+checksum = "81383ab64e72a7a8b8e13130c49e3dab29def6d0c7d76a03087b3cf71c5c6903"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-core"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7a04e24fab5c89c6a36eb8558c9656f30d81de51dfa4d3b45f26b21d61fa0a6c"
+checksum = "b9d12581f227e93f094d3af2ae690a574abb8a2b9b7a96e7cfe9647b2b617678"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "valuable",
@@ -9221,9 +9296,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-subscriber"
-version = "0.3.22"
+version = "0.3.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2f30143827ddab0d256fd843b7a66d164e9f271cfa0dde49142c5ca0ca291f1e"
+checksum = "2054a14f5307d601f88daf0553e1cbf472acc4f2c51afab632431cdcd72124d5"
 dependencies = [
  "matchers",
  "nu-ansi-term",
@@ -9250,27 +9325,27 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tree_hash"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f7fd51aa83d2eb83b04570808430808b5d24fdbf479a4d5ac5dee4a2e2dd2be4"
+checksum = "2db21caa355767db4fd6129876e5ae278a8699f4a6959b1e3e7aff610b532d52"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "ethereum_hashing",
- "ethereum_ssz",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
  "smallvec",
  "typenum",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tree_hash_derive"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8840ad4d852e325d3afa7fde8a50b2412f89dce47d7eb291c0cc7f87cd040f38"
+checksum = "711cc655fcbb48384a87dc2bf641b991a15c5ad9afc3caa0b1ab1df3b436f70f"
 dependencies = [
- "darling 0.23.0",
+ "darling 0.21.3",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9321,8 +9396,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "eth2_interop_keypairs",
  "ethereum_hashing",
  "ethereum_serde_utils",
- "ethereum_ssz",
- "ethereum_ssz_derive",
+ "ethereum_ssz 0.10.0",
+ "ethereum_ssz_derive 0.10.0",
  "fixed_bytes",
  "hex",
  "int_to_bytes",
@@ -9421,12 +9496,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tinyvec",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-segmentation"
-version = "1.12.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f6ccf251212114b54433ec949fd6a7841275f9ada20dddd2f29e9ceea4501493"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-xid"
 version = "0.2.6"
@@ -9502,9 +9571,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.19.0"
+version = "1.18.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e2e054861b4bd027cd373e18e8d8d8e6548085000e41290d95ce0c373a654b4a"
+checksum = "2f87b8aa10b915a06587d0dec516c282ff295b475d94abf425d62b57710070a2"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "js-sys",
@@ -9832,9 +9901,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.106"
+version = "0.2.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0d759f433fa64a2d763d1340820e46e111a7a5ab75f993d1852d70b03dbb80fd"
+checksum = "da95793dfc411fbbd93f5be7715b0578ec61fe87cb1a42b12eb625caa5c5ea60"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
@@ -9845,9 +9914,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-futures"
-version = "0.4.56"
+version = "0.4.55"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "836d9622d604feee9e5de25ac10e3ea5f2d65b41eac0d9ce72eb5deae707ce7c"
+checksum = "551f88106c6d5e7ccc7cd9a16f312dd3b5d36ea8b4954304657d5dfba115d4a0"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "js-sys",
@@ -9858,9 +9927,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.106"
+version = "0.2.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "48cb0d2638f8baedbc542ed444afc0644a29166f1595371af4fecf8ce1e7eeb3"
+checksum = "04264334509e04a7bf8690f2384ef5265f05143a4bff3889ab7a3269adab59c2"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -9868,22 +9937,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.106"
+version = "0.2.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cefb59d5cd5f92d9dcf80e4683949f15ca4b511f4ac0a6e14d4e1ac60c6ecd40"
+checksum = "420bc339d9f322e562942d52e115d57e950d12d88983a14c79b86859ee6c7ebc"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.106"
+version = "0.2.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cbc538057e648b67f72a982e708d485b2efa771e1ac05fec311f9f63e5800db4"
+checksum = "76f218a38c84bcb33c25ec7059b07847d465ce0e0a76b995e134a45adcb6af76"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -9917,9 +9986,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-sys"
-version = "0.3.83"
+version = "0.3.82"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9b32828d774c412041098d182a8b38b16ea816958e07cf40eec2bc080ae137ac"
+checksum = "3a1f95c0d03a47f4ae1f7a64643a6bb97465d9b740f0fa8f90ea33915c99a9a1"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -10073,7 +10142,7 @@ checksum = "053e2e040ab57b9dc951b72c264860db7eb3b0200ba345b4e4c3b14f67855ddf"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10084,7 +10153,7 @@ checksum = "3f316c4a2570ba26bbec722032c4099d8c8bc095efccdc15688708623367e358"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10353,9 +10422,9 @@ checksum = "d6bbff5f0aada427a1e5a6da5f1f98158182f26556f345ac9e04d36d0ebed650"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
-version = "0.7.14"
+version = "0.7.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a5364e9d77fcdeeaa6062ced926ee3381faa2ee02d3eb83a5c27a8825540829"
+checksum = "21a0236b59786fed61e2a80582dd500fe61f18b5dca67a4a067d0bc9039339cf"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -10538,28 +10607,28 @@ checksum = "b659052874eb698efe5b9e8cf382204678a0086ebf46982b79d6ca3182927e5d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.8.31"
+version = "0.8.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fd74ec98b9250adb3ca554bdde269adf631549f51d8a8f8f0a10b50f1cb298c3"
+checksum = "0894878a5fa3edfd6da3f88c4805f4c8558e2b996227a3d864f47fe11e38282c"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.8.31"
+version = "0.8.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d8a8d209fdf45cf5138cbb5a506f6b52522a25afccc534d1475dad8e31105c6a"
+checksum = "88d2b8d9c68ad2b9e4340d7832716a4d21a22a1154777ad56ea55c51a9cf3831"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10579,7 +10648,7 @@ checksum = "d71e5d6e06ab090c67b5e44993ec16b72dcbaabc526db883a360057678b48502"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
@@ -10601,7 +10670,7 @@ checksum = "ce36e65b0d2999d2aafac989fb249189a141aee1f53c612c1f37d72631959f69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10634,7 +10703,7 @@ checksum = "eadce39539ca5cb3985590102671f2567e659fca9666581ad3411d59207951f3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10646,16 +10715,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "arbitrary",
  "crc32fast",
  "flate2",
- "indexmap 2.12.1",
+ "indexmap 2.12.0",
  "memchr",
  "zopfli",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zlib-rs"
-version = "0.5.4"
+version = "0.5.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "51f936044d677be1a1168fae1d03b583a285a5dd9d8cbf7b24c23aa1fc775235"
+checksum = "40990edd51aae2c2b6907af74ffb635029d5788228222c4bb811e9351c0caad3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zopfli"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 100a916c501..35199be8e73 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ alloy-consensus = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 alloy-dyn-abi = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 alloy-json-abi = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 alloy-network = { version = "1", default-features = false }
-alloy-primitives = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = ["rlp", "getrandom"] }
+alloy-primitives = { version = "1.5", default-features = false, features = ["rlp", "getrandom"] }
 alloy-provider = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = ["reqwest"] }
 alloy-rlp = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
 alloy-rpc-types-eth = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = ["serde"] }
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ eip_3076 = { path = "common/eip_3076" }
 either = "1.9"
 environment = { path = "lighthouse/environment" }
 eth2 = { path = "common/eth2" }
+reth-era = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth", package = "reth-era", rev = "62abfdaeb54e8a205a8ee085ddebd56047d93374" }
 eth2_config = { path = "common/eth2_config" }
 eth2_key_derivation = { path = "crypto/eth2_key_derivation" }
 eth2_keystore = { path = "crypto/eth2_keystore" }
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/Cargo.toml b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/Cargo.toml
index 5e1c41b8302..a0b0a46947f 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/Cargo.toml
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/Cargo.toml
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ parking_lot = { workspace = true }
 proto_array = { workspace = true }
 rand = { workspace = true }
 rayon = { workspace = true }
+reth-era = { workspace = true }
 safe_arith = { workspace = true }
 sensitive_url = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
@@ -76,6 +77,8 @@ maplit = { workspace = true }
 mockall = { workspace = true }
 mockall_double = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
+serde_yaml = { workspace = true }
+tempfile = { workspace = true }
 
 [[bench]]
 name = "benches"
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/builder.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/builder.rs
index e5b656adf8d..c7de1afc80f 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/builder.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/builder.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use crate::beacon_chain::{
 use crate::beacon_proposer_cache::BeaconProposerCache;
 use crate::custody_context::NodeCustodyType;
 use crate::data_availability_checker::DataAvailabilityChecker;
+use crate::era_file_consumer::EraFileDir;
 use crate::fork_choice_signal::ForkChoiceSignalTx;
 use crate::fork_revert::{reset_fork_choice_to_finalization, revert_to_fork_boundary};
 use crate::graffiti_calculator::{GraffitiCalculator, GraffitiOrigin};
@@ -37,8 +38,10 @@ use slasher::Slasher;
 use slot_clock::{SlotClock, TestingSlotClock};
 use state_processing::{AllCaches, per_slot_processing};
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
+use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::time::Duration;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 use store::{Error as StoreError, HotColdDB, ItemStore, KeyValueStoreOp};
 use task_executor::{ShutdownReason, TaskExecutor};
 use tracing::{debug, error, info};
@@ -206,6 +209,142 @@ where
         self
     }
 
+    /// Import trusted era files into the store before building the chain.
+    pub fn era_files(
+        self,
+        era_files_dir: &Path,
+        mut genesis_state: BeaconState<E>,
+        trusted_state_root: Option<Hash256>,
+        trusted_slot: Option<Slot>,
+    ) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let genesis_state_root = genesis_state
+            .canonical_root()
+            .map_err(|e| format!("Error computing genesis state root: {e:?}"))?;
+
+        let builder = self.genesis_state(genesis_state.clone())?;
+        let store = builder.store.clone().ok_or("era_files requires a store.")?;
+
+        // Explicitly store the genesis state in the cold DB. In testing this seems necessary.
+        // TODO(era): Review why ^
+        {
+            let mut ops = vec![];
+            store
+                .store_cold_state(&genesis_state_root, &genesis_state, &mut ops)
+                .map_err(|e| format!("Error building genesis state write ops: {e:?}"))?;
+            store
+                .cold_db
+                .do_atomically(ops)
+                .map_err(|e| format!("Error writing genesis state: {e:?}"))?;
+        }
+
+        // Import all blocks and states from the ERA files.
+        let era_dir = EraFileDir::new::<E>(era_files_dir, &builder.spec)?;
+        let max_era = era_dir.max_era();
+        let slots_per_historical_root = E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+
+        let imported_era_files_pointer = store
+            .get_era_import_pointer()
+            .map_err(|error| format!("Era import pointer read failed: {error:?}"))?
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        info!(
+            ?era_files_dir,
+            max_slot = max_era * slots_per_historical_root,
+            current_slot = imported_era_files_pointer * slots_per_historical_root,
+            "Importing blocks and states from ERA files"
+        );
+        let mut import_progress = Speedo::default();
+        let mut import_last_log = Instant::now();
+        for era_number in imported_era_files_pointer + 1..=max_era {
+            debug!(?era_files_dir, era_number, "Importing ERA file");
+            era_dir.import_era_file(
+                &store,
+                era_number,
+                &builder.spec,
+                trusted_state_root,
+                trusted_slot,
+            )?;
+            debug!(?era_files_dir, era_number, "Imported ERA file");
+            store
+                .set_era_import_pointer(era_number)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("Era import pointer write failed: {error:?}"))?;
+            debug!(?era_files_dir, era_number, "Persisted era pointer");
+
+            let now = Instant::now();
+            let done_slots = era_number * slots_per_historical_root;
+            import_progress.observe(Slot::new(done_slots), now);
+            if now.duration_since(import_last_log) >= Duration::from_secs(5) {
+                import_last_log = now;
+                info!(
+                    completed_era_files = era_number,
+                    total_era_files = max_era,
+                    completed_slots = done_slots,
+                    total_slots = max_era * slots_per_historical_root,
+                    slots_per_second = import_progress.slots_per_second().unwrap_or(0.0),
+                    "Importing era files"
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        info!(
+            ?era_files_dir,
+            max_slot = max_era * slots_per_historical_root,
+            "Reconstructing states from ERA files"
+        );
+        let total_era_files = max_era;
+        let completed_era_files = Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0));
+        let progress = Arc::new(Mutex::new((Speedo::default(), Instant::now())));
+
+        (1..=max_era).into_par_iter().try_for_each(|era_number| {
+            let already_reconstructed = store
+                .era_reconstruction_done(era_number)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("Era reconstruction marker read failed: {error:?}"))?;
+
+            if !already_reconstructed {
+                let start_slot = Slot::new((era_number - 1) * slots_per_historical_root);
+                let end_slot = Slot::new(era_number * slots_per_historical_root);
+                store
+                    .reconstruct_historic_states_on_range(
+                        // Start reconstruction with state at the era file start, but the state has the
+                        // block already applied. So start with the block at the next slot.
+                        start_slot,
+                        start_slot + Slot::new(1),
+                        end_slot,
+                    )
+                    .map_err(|error| {
+                        format!("Era reconstruction failed for era {era_number}: {error:?}")
+                    })?;
+
+                store
+                    .set_era_reconstruction_done(era_number)
+                    .map_err(|error| {
+                        format!("Era reconstruction marker write failed: {error:?}")
+                    })?;
+            }
+
+            let now = Instant::now();
+            let done_era_files = completed_era_files.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed) + 1;
+            let done_slots = done_era_files.saturating_mul(slots_per_historical_root);
+            let mut progress = progress.lock();
+            let (speedo, last_log) = &mut *progress;
+            speedo.observe(Slot::new(done_slots), now);
+            if now.duration_since(*last_log) >= Duration::from_secs(5) {
+                *last_log = now;
+                info!(
+                    completed_era_files = done_era_files,
+                    total_era_files,
+                    completed_slots = done_slots,
+                    total_slots = total_era_files.saturating_mul(slots_per_historical_root),
+                    slots_per_second = speedo.slots_per_second().unwrap_or(0.0),
+                    "Reconstructing from era files"
+                );
+            }
+
+            Ok::<(), String>(())
+        })?;
+
+        Ok(builder)
+    }
+
     /// Sets the store migrator config (optional).
     pub fn store_migrator_config(mut self, config: MigratorConfig) -> Self {
         self.store_migrator_config = Some(config);
@@ -1240,6 +1379,46 @@ fn build_data_columns_from_blobs<E: EthSpec>(
     Ok(data_columns)
 }
 
+/// Track recent slot completion rates for era reconstruction.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Speedo(Vec<(Slot, Instant)>);
+
+impl Speedo {
+    fn observe(&mut self, slot: Slot, instant: Instant) {
+        const SPEEDO_OBSERVATIONS: usize = 4;
+        if self.0.len() > SPEEDO_OBSERVATIONS {
+            self.0.remove(0);
+        }
+        self.0.push((slot, instant));
+    }
+
+    fn slots_per_second(&self) -> Option<f64> {
+        let speeds = self
+            .0
+            .windows(2)
+            .filter_map(|windows| {
+                let (slot_a, instant_a) = windows[0];
+                let (slot_b, instant_b) = windows[1];
+                let distance = f64::from((slot_b - slot_a).as_u64() as u32);
+                let seconds = f64::from((instant_b - instant_a).as_millis() as u32) / 1_000.0;
+                if seconds > 0.0 {
+                    Some(distance / seconds)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<f64>>();
+
+        let count = speeds.len();
+        let sum: f64 = speeds.iter().sum();
+        if count > 0 {
+            Some(sum / f64::from(count as u32))
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_consumer.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_consumer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0f8436bc2b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_consumer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+use bls::FixedBytesExtended;
+use rayon::prelude::*;
+use reth_era::common::file_ops::StreamReader;
+use reth_era::era::file::EraReader;
+use reth_era::era::types::consensus::{CompressedBeaconState, CompressedSignedBeaconBlock};
+use std::fs::{self, File};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use store::{DBColumn, HotColdDB, ItemStore, KeyValueStoreOp};
+use tracing::{debug, debug_span, instrument, warn};
+use tree_hash::TreeHash;
+use types::{
+    BeaconState, ChainSpec, EthSpec, Hash256, HistoricalBatch, HistoricalSummary,
+    SignedBeaconBlock, Slot,
+};
+
+fn decode_block<E: EthSpec>(
+    compressed: CompressedSignedBeaconBlock,
+    spec: &ChainSpec,
+) -> Result<SignedBeaconBlock<E>, String> {
+    let bytes = compressed
+        .decompress()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to decompress block: {error:?}"))?;
+    SignedBeaconBlock::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, spec)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to decode block: {error:?}"))
+}
+
+fn decode_state<E: EthSpec>(
+    compressed: CompressedBeaconState,
+    spec: &ChainSpec,
+) -> Result<BeaconState<E>, String> {
+    let bytes = compressed
+        .decompress()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to decompress state: {error:?}"))?;
+    BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, spec)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to decode state: {error:?}"))
+}
+
+pub struct EraFileDir {
+    dir: PathBuf,
+    network_name: String,
+    genesis_validators_root: Hash256,
+    historical_roots: Vec<Hash256>,
+    historical_summaries: Vec<HistoricalSummary>,
+    max_era: u64,
+}
+
+impl EraFileDir {
+    pub fn new<E: EthSpec>(era_files_dir: &Path, spec: &ChainSpec) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let mut era_files = list_era_files(era_files_dir)?;
+        era_files.sort_by_key(|(era_number, _)| *era_number);
+
+        let network_name = spec
+            .config_name
+            .clone()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string());
+
+        let Some((max_era, reference_path)) = era_files.last().cloned() else {
+            return Err("era files directory is empty".to_string());
+        };
+
+        let reference_state = read_era_state::<E>(&reference_path, &network_name, spec)?;
+
+        // historical_roots was frozen in capella, and continued as historical_summaries
+        let historical_roots = reference_state.historical_roots().to_vec();
+        // Pre-Capella states don't have historical_summaries property
+        let historical_summaries = match reference_state.historical_summaries() {
+            Ok(list) => list.to_vec(),
+            Err(_) => vec![],
+        };
+
+        let dir = era_files_dir.to_path_buf();
+        let era_dir = Self {
+            dir,
+            network_name,
+            genesis_validators_root: reference_state.genesis_validators_root(),
+            historical_roots,
+            historical_summaries,
+            max_era,
+        };
+
+        // Verify that every expected era file name exists in the directory.
+        for era_number in 0..=era_dir.max_era {
+            let expected = era_dir.expected_path(era_number);
+            if !expected.exists() {
+                return Err(format!("missing era file: {expected:?}"));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(era_dir)
+    }
+
+    pub fn max_era(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.max_era
+    }
+
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all, fields(era_number = %era_number))]
+    pub fn import_era_file<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>>(
+        &self,
+        store: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+        era_number: u64,
+        spec: &ChainSpec,
+        trusted_state_root: Option<Hash256>,
+        trusted_slot: Option<Slot>,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let path = self.expected_path(era_number);
+        debug!(?path, era_number, "Importing era file");
+        let file = File::open(path).map_err(|error| format!("failed to open era file: {error}"))?;
+        let era_file = {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_read").entered();
+            EraReader::new(file)
+                .read_and_assemble(self.network_name.clone())
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to parse era file: {error:?}"))?
+        };
+
+        // Consistency checks: ensure the era state matches the expected historical root and that
+        // each block root matches the state block_roots for its slot.
+        let mut state = {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_decode_state").entered();
+            decode_state::<E>(era_file.group.era_state, spec)?
+        };
+
+        // Verify trusted state root if provided
+        if let (Some(expected_root), Some(expected_slot)) = (trusted_state_root, trusted_slot)
+            && state.slot() == expected_slot
+        {
+            let actual_root = state
+                .canonical_root()
+                .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to compute state root: {e:?}"))?;
+            if actual_root != expected_root {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "trusted state root mismatch at slot {expected_slot}: expected {expected_root:?}, got {actual_root:?}"
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let expected_root = self
+            .era_file_name_root(era_number)
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing historical root for era {era_number}"))?;
+        let actual_root = era_root_from_state(&state, era_number)?;
+        if expected_root != actual_root {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "era root mismatch for era {era_number}: expected {expected_root:?}, got {actual_root:?}"
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let slots_per_historical_root = E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+        let _start_slot = Slot::new(era_number.saturating_sub(1) * slots_per_historical_root);
+        let end_slot = Slot::new(era_number * slots_per_historical_root);
+        if state.slot() != end_slot {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "era state slot mismatch: expected {end_slot}, got {}",
+                state.slot()
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let historical_summaries_active_at_slot = match store.spec.capella_fork_epoch {
+            // For mainnet case, Capella activates at 194048 epoch = 6209536 slot = 758 era number.
+            // The last epoch processing before capella transition adds a last entry to historical
+            // roots. So historical_roots.len() == 758 at the capella fork boundary. An ERA file
+            // includes the state AFTER advanced (or applying) the block at the final slot, so the
+            // state for ERA file 758 is of the Capella variant. However, historical summaries are
+            // still empty.
+            Some(epoch) => {
+                epoch.start_slot(E::slots_per_epoch())
+                    + Slot::new(E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64)
+            }
+            None => Slot::max_value(),
+        };
+
+        // Check that the block roots vector in this state match the historical summary in the last
+        // state. Asserts that the blocks are exactly the expected ones given a trusted final state
+        if era_number == 0 {
+            // Skip checking genesis state era file for now
+        } else if state.slot() >= historical_summaries_active_at_slot {
+            // Post-capella state, check against historical summaries
+            // ```py
+            // historical_summary = HistoricalSummary(
+            //     block_summary_root=hash_tree_root(state.block_roots),
+            //     state_summary_root=hash_tree_root(state.state_roots),
+            // )
+            // state.historical_summaries.append(historical_summary)
+            // ```
+            let index = era_number.saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+            // historical_summaries started to be appended after capella, so we need to offset
+            let summary_index = index
+                .checked_sub(self.historical_roots.len())
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!(
+                    "Not enough historical roots era number {era_number} index {index} historical_roots len {}",
+                    self.historical_roots.len()
+                ))?;
+            let expected_root = self
+                .historical_summaries
+                .get(summary_index)
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing historical summary for era {era_number}"))?
+                .block_summary_root();
+            let actual_root = state.block_roots().tree_hash_root();
+            if actual_root != expected_root {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "block summary root post-capella mismatch for era {}: {:?} != {:?}",
+                    era_number, expected_root, actual_root
+                ));
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Pre-capella state, check against historical roots
+            // ```py
+            // historical_batch = HistoricalBatch(block_roots=state.block_roots, state_roots=state.state_roots)
+            // state.historical_roots.append(hash_tree_root(historical_batch))
+            // ```
+            let index = era_number.saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+            let expected_root = *self
+                .historical_roots
+                .get(index)
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing historical root for era {era_number}"))?;
+            let historical_batch = HistoricalBatch::<E> {
+                block_roots: state.block_roots().clone(),
+                state_roots: state.state_roots().clone(),
+            };
+            let actual_root = historical_batch.tree_hash_root();
+            if actual_root != expected_root {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "block summary root pre-capella mismatch for era {}: {:?} != {:?}",
+                    era_number, expected_root, actual_root
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        debug!(era_number, "Importing blocks from era file");
+        // TODO(era): Block signatures are not verified here and are trusted.
+        // decode and hash is split in two loops to track timings better. If we add spans for each
+        // block it's too short and the data is not really useful.
+        let decoded_blocks = {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_decode_blocks").entered();
+            era_file
+                .group
+                .blocks
+                .into_par_iter()
+                .map(|compressed_block| decode_block::<E>(compressed_block, spec))
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?
+        };
+        let blocks_with_roots = {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_hash_blocks").entered();
+            decoded_blocks
+                .into_par_iter()
+                .map(|block| (block.canonical_root(), block))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };
+
+        let mut block_ops = vec![];
+        {
+            let _ = debug_span!("era_import_db_ops_blocks").entered();
+            for (block_root, block) in blocks_with_roots {
+                let slot = block.slot();
+                // Check consistency that this block is expected w.r.t. the state in the era file.
+                // Since we check that the state block roots match the historical summary, we know that
+                // this block root is the expected one.
+                let expected_block_root = state
+                    .get_block_root(slot)
+                    .map_err(|error| format!("failed to read block root {slot}: {error:?}"))?;
+                if *expected_block_root != block_root {
+                    return Err(format!(
+                        "block root mismatch at slot {slot}: expected {expected_block_root:?}, got {block_root:?}"
+                    ));
+                }
+                store
+                    .block_as_kv_store_ops(&block_root, block, &mut block_ops)
+                    .map_err(|error| format!("failed to store block: {error:?}"))?;
+            }
+        }
+        {
+            let _ = debug_span!("era_import_write_blocks").entered();
+            store
+                .hot_db
+                .do_atomically(block_ops)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to store blocks: {error:?}"))?;
+        }
+
+        // Populate the cold DB slot -> block root index from the state.block_roots()
+        {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_write_block_index").entered();
+            write_block_root_index_for_era(store, &state, era_number)?;
+        }
+
+        debug!(era_number, "Importing state from era file");
+        {
+            let _span = debug_span!("era_import_write_state").entered();
+            let state_root = state
+                .canonical_root()
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to hash state: {error:?}"))?;
+            // Use put_cold_state as the split is not updated and we need the state into the cold store.
+            store
+                .put_cold_state(&state_root, &state)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to store state: {error:?}"))?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn expected_path(&self, era_number: u64) -> PathBuf {
+        let root = self
+            .era_file_name_root(era_number)
+            .unwrap_or_else(Hash256::zero);
+        let short = root
+            .as_slice()
+            .iter()
+            .take(4)
+            .map(|byte| format!("{byte:02x}"))
+            .collect::<String>();
+        let filename = format!("{}-{era_number:05}-{short}.era", self.network_name);
+        self.dir.join(filename)
+    }
+
+    // era_file_name_root for file naming:
+    // short-era-root is the first 4 bytes of the last historical root in the last state in the
+    // era file, lower-case hex-encoded (8 characters), except the genesis era which instead
+    // uses the genesis_validators_root field from the genesis state.
+    // - The root is available as state.historical_roots[era - 1] except for genesis, which is
+    //   state.genesis_validators_root
+    // - Post-Capella, the root must be computed from
+    //   `state.historical_summaries[era - state.historical_roots.len - 1]`
+    fn era_file_name_root(&self, era_number: u64) -> Option<Hash256> {
+        if era_number == 0 {
+            return Some(self.genesis_validators_root);
+        }
+        let index = era_number.saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+        if let Some(root) = self.historical_roots.get(index) {
+            return Some(*root);
+        }
+        let summary_index = index.saturating_sub(self.historical_roots.len());
+        self.historical_summaries
+            .get(summary_index)
+            .map(|summary| summary.tree_hash_root())
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_era_state<E: EthSpec>(
+    path: &Path,
+    network_name: &str,
+    spec: &ChainSpec,
+) -> Result<BeaconState<E>, String> {
+    let file = File::open(path).map_err(|error| format!("failed to open era file: {error}"))?;
+    let era_file = EraReader::new(file)
+        .read_and_assemble(network_name.to_string())
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to parse era file: {error:?}"))?;
+    decode_state::<E>(era_file.group.era_state, spec)
+}
+
+fn era_root_from_state<E: EthSpec>(
+    state: &BeaconState<E>,
+    era_number: u64,
+) -> Result<Hash256, String> {
+    if era_number == 0 {
+        return Ok(state.genesis_validators_root());
+    }
+    let index = era_number
+        .checked_sub(1)
+        .ok_or_else(|| "invalid era number".to_string())? as usize;
+    if let Some(root) = state.historical_roots().get(index) {
+        return Ok(*root);
+    }
+    if let Ok(summaries) = state.historical_summaries() {
+        let summary_index = index.saturating_sub(state.historical_roots().len());
+        let summary = summaries
+            .get(summary_index)
+            .ok_or_else(|| "missing historical summary".to_string())?;
+        return Ok(summary.tree_hash_root());
+    }
+    Err(format!("missing historical root for era {era_number}"))
+}
+
+fn write_block_root_index_for_era<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>>(
+    store: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+    state: &BeaconState<E>,
+    era_number: u64,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let end_slot = state.slot();
+    let slots_per_historical_root = E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+    let expected_end_slot = Slot::new(era_number * slots_per_historical_root);
+    if end_slot != expected_end_slot {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "era state slot mismatch: expected {expected_end_slot}, got {end_slot}"
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let start_slot = end_slot.saturating_sub(slots_per_historical_root);
+
+    let ops = (start_slot.as_u64()..end_slot.as_u64())
+        .map(|slot_u64| {
+            let slot = Slot::new(slot_u64);
+            let block_root = state
+                .get_block_root(slot)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to read block root {slot}: {error:?}"))?;
+            // TODO(era): Should we write BeaconBlockRoots for missed slots?
+            Ok(KeyValueStoreOp::PutKeyValue(
+                DBColumn::BeaconBlockRoots,
+                slot_u64.to_be_bytes().to_vec(),
+                block_root.as_slice().to_vec(),
+            ))
+        })
+        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, String>>()?;
+
+    store
+        .cold_db
+        .do_atomically(ops)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to store block root index: {error:?}"))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn list_era_files(dir: &Path) -> Result<Vec<(u64, PathBuf)>, String> {
+    let entries = fs::read_dir(dir).map_err(|error| format!("failed to read era dir: {error}"))?;
+    let mut era_files = Vec::new();
+
+    for entry in entries {
+        let entry = entry.map_err(|error| format!("failed to read era entry: {error}"))?;
+        let path = entry.path();
+        let Some(file_name) = path.file_name().and_then(|name| name.to_str()) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+
+        if !file_name.ends_with(".era") {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let Some((prefix, _hash_part)) = file_name.rsplit_once('-') else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some((_network_name, era_part)) = prefix.rsplit_once('-') else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(era_number) = era_part.parse().ok() else {
+            continue;
+        };
+
+        era_files.push((era_number, path));
+    }
+
+    if era_files.is_empty() {
+        warn!(?dir, "Era files directory is empty");
+    }
+
+    Ok(era_files)
+}
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_producer.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_producer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..73b52d9b418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/era_file_producer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+use rand::random;
+use reth_era::common::file_ops::{EraFileFormat, EraFileId, StreamWriter};
+use reth_era::era::file::{EraFile, EraWriter};
+use reth_era::era::types::consensus::{CompressedBeaconState, CompressedSignedBeaconBlock};
+use reth_era::era::types::group::{EraGroup, EraId, SlotIndex};
+use ssz::Encode;
+use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
+use std::path::Path;
+use store::{HotColdDB, ItemStore};
+use tracing::{error, info};
+use tree_hash::TreeHash;
+use types::{BeaconState, EthSpec, Slot};
+
+fn era_file_exists(dir: &Path, id: &EraId) -> bool {
+    dir.join(id.to_file_name()).exists()
+}
+
+fn era_file_exists_for_number(dir: &Path, network_name: &str, era_number: u64) -> bool {
+    let prefix = format!("{}-{:05}-", network_name, era_number);
+    let Ok(entries) = fs::read_dir(dir) else {
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    for entry in entries.flatten() {
+        let file_name = entry.file_name();
+        let Some(name) = file_name.to_str() else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if name.starts_with(&prefix) && name.ends_with(".era") {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn maybe_produce_reconstruction_eras<
+    E: EthSpec,
+    Hot: ItemStore<E>,
+    Cold: ItemStore<E>,
+>(
+    db: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+    output_dir: &Path,
+) {
+    let anchor = db.get_anchor_info();
+    let max_era = anchor.state_lower_limit.as_u64() / E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+
+    for era_number in 0..=max_era {
+        if let Err(error) = create_era_file(db, era_number, output_dir) {
+            error!(
+                ?error,
+                era_number, "Era producer failed during reconstruction"
+            );
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn maybe_produce_finalization_era<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>>(
+    db: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+    output_dir: &Path,
+    finalized_slot: Slot,
+) {
+    // This is the oldest slot for which we have a state and blocks available
+    let anchor_slot = db.get_anchor_info().anchor_slot;
+    // And finalized_slot is the most recent for which we have finalized state and blocks available
+
+    // We can produce an era file for era_number if
+    // - anchor_slot <= start_slot(era_number) AND
+    // - finalized_slot >= end_slot(era_number)
+    let lowest_era_file = anchor_slot.as_u64() / E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+    let max_era_file = (finalized_slot.as_u64() + 1) / E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64 - 1;
+    for era_number in lowest_era_file..=max_era_file {
+        if let Err(error) = create_era_file(db, era_number, output_dir) {
+            error!(
+                ?error,
+                era_number, "Era producer failed during finalization"
+            );
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn create_era_file<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>>(
+    db: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+    era_number: u64,
+    output_dir: &Path,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let network_name = db
+        .spec
+        .config_name
+        .clone()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string());
+    if era_file_exists_for_number(output_dir, &network_name, era_number) {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let end_slot = Slot::new(era_number * E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64);
+
+    let mut state = db
+        .load_cold_state_by_slot(end_slot)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to load era state: {error:?}"))?;
+
+    if state.slot() != end_slot {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "era state slot mismatch: expected {}, got {}",
+            end_slot,
+            state.slot()
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let group = build_era_group(db, &mut state, era_number)?;
+    let file_id = era_file_id::<E>(&network_name, era_number, &mut state)?;
+    let file = EraFile::new(group, file_id);
+
+    fs::create_dir_all(output_dir)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to create era files dir: {error}"))?;
+
+    if era_file_exists(output_dir, file.id()) {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    write_era_file_atomic(output_dir, &file)?;
+
+    info!(
+        era_number,
+        file = %file.id().to_file_name(),
+        "Wrote era file"
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn build_era_group<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>>(
+    db: &HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>,
+    state: &mut BeaconState<E>,
+    era_number: u64,
+) -> Result<EraGroup, String> {
+    // Era file 0 goes from slot 0 to 0, genesis state only
+    let start_slot =
+        Slot::new(era_number.saturating_sub(1) * E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64);
+    let end_slot = Slot::new(era_number * E::slots_per_historical_root() as u64);
+
+    let compressed_state = CompressedBeaconState::from_ssz(&state.as_ssz_bytes())
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to compress state: {error:?}"))?;
+
+    // Each entry has an 8-byte header; the version record is header-only.
+    let mut offset: i64 = 8;
+    let mut blocks: Vec<CompressedSignedBeaconBlock> = Vec::new();
+    let mut block_data_starts: Vec<(Slot, i64)> = Vec::new();
+
+    // The era file number 0 contains the genesis state and nothing else
+    if era_number > 0 {
+        for slot_u64 in start_slot.as_u64()..end_slot.as_u64() {
+            let slot = Slot::new(slot_u64);
+            let block_root = state
+                .get_block_root(slot)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to read block root {slot}: {error:?}"))?;
+
+            // Skip duplicate blocks (same root as previous slot), but only within this ERA
+            if slot_u64 > start_slot.as_u64()
+                && let Ok(prev_root) = state.get_block_root(Slot::new(slot_u64 - 1))
+                && prev_root == block_root
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let block = db
+                .get_full_block(block_root)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to load block: {error:?}"))?
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing block for root {block_root:?}"))?;
+
+            let compressed = CompressedSignedBeaconBlock::from_ssz(&block.as_ssz_bytes())
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to compress block: {error:?}"))?;
+
+            let data_len = compressed.data.len() as i64;
+            let data_start = offset + 8;
+            blocks.push(compressed);
+            block_data_starts.push((slot, data_start));
+            offset += 8 + data_len;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let state_data_len = compressed_state.data.len() as i64;
+    // Data starts after the 8-byte header.
+    let state_data_start = offset + 8;
+    offset += 8 + state_data_len;
+
+    let block_index_start = offset;
+    let slot_count = E::slots_per_historical_root();
+    // SlotIndex layout: starting_slot (8) + offsets (slot_count * 8) + count (8).
+    let block_index_len = 8 + slot_count as i64 * 8 + 8;
+    if era_number > 0 {
+        offset += 8 + block_index_len;
+    }
+
+    let state_index_start = offset;
+    // Offset is relative to the start of the slot index data (after the 8-byte header)
+    let state_offset = state_data_start - (state_index_start + 8);
+    let state_slot_index = SlotIndex::new(end_slot.as_u64(), vec![state_offset]);
+
+    let group = if era_number > 0 {
+        let mut offsets = vec![0i64; slot_count];
+        for (slot, data_start) in &block_data_starts {
+            let slot_index = slot
+                .as_u64()
+                .checked_sub(start_slot.as_u64())
+                .ok_or_else(|| "slot underflow while building block index".to_string())?
+                as usize;
+            offsets[slot_index] = *data_start - block_index_start;
+        }
+        let block_index = SlotIndex::new(start_slot.as_u64(), offsets);
+        EraGroup::with_block_index(blocks, compressed_state, block_index, state_slot_index)
+    } else {
+        EraGroup::new(blocks, compressed_state, state_slot_index)
+    };
+    Ok(group)
+}
+
+fn short_historical_root<E: EthSpec>(
+    state: &mut BeaconState<E>,
+    era_number: u64,
+) -> Result<[u8; 4], String> {
+    let root = if era_number == 0 {
+        state.genesis_validators_root()
+    } else {
+        let era_index = era_number
+            .checked_sub(1)
+            .ok_or_else(|| "era index underflow".to_string())?;
+        let roots_len = state.historical_roots_mut().len();
+        if era_index < roots_len as u64 {
+            *state
+                .historical_roots_mut()
+                .get(era_index as usize)
+                .ok_or_else(|| "historical root missing".to_string())?
+        } else {
+            let summary_index = era_index
+                .checked_sub(roots_len as u64)
+                .ok_or_else(|| "historical summary index underflow".to_string())?;
+            let summaries = state
+                .historical_summaries_mut()
+                .map_err(|error| format!("failed to access historical summaries: {error:?}"))?;
+            let summary = summaries
+                .get(summary_index as usize)
+                .ok_or_else(|| "historical summary missing".to_string())?;
+            summary.tree_hash_root()
+        }
+    };
+
+    let mut short_hash = [0u8; 4];
+    short_hash.copy_from_slice(&root.as_slice()[..4]);
+    Ok(short_hash)
+}
+
+/// Write an era file atomically using a temp file + rename.
+///
+/// If the process crashes mid-write, only the temp file is left behind; the final file is
+/// created via rename, so it is either complete or absent. The era file existence check only
+/// considers `.era` files, so partial temp files are ignored safely.
+fn write_era_file_atomic(output_dir: &Path, file: &EraFile) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let filename = file.id().to_file_name();
+    let final_path = output_dir.join(&filename);
+    if final_path.exists() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    // Create a unique temp file and write the full era contents into it.
+    let tmp_name = format!("{filename}.tmp-{:016x}", random::<u64>());
+    let tmp_path = output_dir.join(tmp_name);
+    let mut file_handle = OpenOptions::new()
+        .write(true)
+        .create_new(true)
+        .open(&tmp_path)
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to create temp file: {error}"))?;
+    {
+        let mut writer = EraWriter::new(&mut file_handle);
+        writer
+            .write_file(file)
+            .map_err(|error| format!("failed to write era file: {error:?}"))?;
+    }
+    file_handle
+        .sync_all()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("failed to fsync era temp file: {error}"))?;
+
+    // Atomically publish; if another writer won, clean up and exit.
+    if let Err(error) = fs::rename(&tmp_path, &final_path) {
+        if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists && final_path.exists() {
+            let _ = fs::remove_file(&tmp_path);
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        return Err(format!("failed to rename era temp file: {error}"));
+    }
+
+    // Best-effort directory sync to make the rename durable.
+    if let Ok(dir_handle) = File::open(output_dir) {
+        let _ = dir_handle.sync_all();
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn era_file_id<E: EthSpec>(
+    network_name: &str,
+    era_number: u64,
+    state: &mut BeaconState<E>,
+) -> Result<EraId, String> {
+    // reth_era uses hardcoded SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT=8192 to compute era number from start_slot.
+    // To get the correct filename era number, we pass era_number * 8192 as the start_slot.
+    const RETH_SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT: u64 = 8192;
+    let reth_start_slot = era_number * RETH_SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT;
+
+    let slot_count = if era_number == 0 {
+        0
+    } else {
+        E::slots_per_historical_root() as u32
+    };
+    let short_hash = short_historical_root(state, era_number)?;
+    Ok(EraId::new(network_name, reth_start_slot, slot_count).with_hash(short_hash))
+}
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/lib.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/lib.rs
index e77739e2d53..b7b5fb4328f 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/lib.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/lib.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ pub mod custody_context;
 pub mod data_availability_checker;
 pub mod data_column_verification;
 mod early_attester_cache;
+pub mod era_file_consumer;
+pub mod era_file_producer;
 mod errors;
 pub mod events;
 pub mod execution_payload;
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/migrate.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/migrate.rs
index 24258d2d31b..7fa12f68f77 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/migrate.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/migrate.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::era_file_producer::{maybe_produce_finalization_era, maybe_produce_reconstruction_eras};
 use crate::errors::BeaconChainError;
 use crate::summaries_dag::{DAGStateSummary, Error as SummariesDagError, StateSummariesDAG};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
@@ -215,12 +216,15 @@ impl<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> BackgroundMigrator<E, Ho
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn run_reconstruction(
+    fn run_reconstruction(
         db: Arc<HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>>,
         opt_tx: Option<mpsc::Sender<Notification>>,
     ) {
         match db.reconstruct_historic_states(Some(BLOCKS_PER_RECONSTRUCTION)) {
             Ok(()) => {
+                if let Some(era_files_dir) = &db.get_config().era_files_dir {
+                    maybe_produce_reconstruction_eras(&db, era_files_dir);
+                }
                 // Schedule another reconstruction batch if required and we have access to the
                 // channel for requeueing.
                 if let Some(tx) = opt_tx
@@ -404,6 +408,10 @@ impl<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> BackgroundMigrator<E, Ho
             }
         };
 
+        if let Some(era_files_dir) = &db.get_config().era_files_dir {
+            maybe_produce_finalization_era(&db, era_files_dir, finalized_state.slot());
+        }
+
         // Finally, compact the database so that new free space is properly reclaimed.
         if let Err(e) = Self::run_compaction(
             db,
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_file_tests.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_file_tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..696f34ce911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_file_tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+/// ERA file consumer + producer tests using minimal preset test vectors.
+///
+/// Test vectors: 13 ERA files from a Nimbus minimal testnet.
+/// - Electra from genesis, Fulu at epoch 100000
+/// - SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT = 64 (one ERA = 64 slots = 8 epochs)
+/// - 13 ERA files covering 832 slots, 767 blocks, 1024 validators
+use beacon_chain::era_file_consumer::EraFileDir;
+use reth_era::common::file_ops::StreamReader;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use store::{DBColumn, HotColdDB, KeyValueStore, StoreConfig};
+use types::{BeaconState, ChainSpec, Config, EthSpec, Hash256, MinimalEthSpec};
+
+fn test_vectors_dir() -> PathBuf {
+    PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+        .join("tests")
+        .join("era_test_vectors")
+}
+
+fn load_test_spec() -> ChainSpec {
+    let config_str =
+        std::fs::read_to_string(test_vectors_dir().join("config.yaml")).expect("read config.yaml");
+    let config: Config = serde_yaml::from_str(&config_str).expect("parse config");
+    config
+        .apply_to_chain_spec::<MinimalEthSpec>(&ChainSpec::minimal())
+        .expect("apply config")
+}
+
+fn load_genesis_state(spec: &ChainSpec) -> BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> {
+    let bytes = std::fs::read(test_vectors_dir().join("genesis.ssz")).expect("read genesis.ssz");
+    BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, spec).expect("decode genesis")
+}
+
+type TestStore = HotColdDB<
+    MinimalEthSpec,
+    store::MemoryStore<MinimalEthSpec>,
+    store::MemoryStore<MinimalEthSpec>,
+>;
+
+/// Import all ERA files into a fresh ephemeral store.
+fn import_all_era_files() -> (TestStore, ChainSpec, u64) {
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    let era_dir_path = test_vectors_dir().join("era");
+    let era_dir = EraFileDir::new::<MinimalEthSpec>(&era_dir_path, &spec).expect("open ERA dir");
+    let max_era = era_dir.max_era();
+
+    let store = HotColdDB::open_ephemeral(StoreConfig::default(), Arc::new(spec.clone()))
+        .expect("create store");
+
+    let mut genesis_state = load_genesis_state(&spec);
+    let root = genesis_state.canonical_root().expect("hash genesis");
+    let mut ops = vec![];
+    store
+        .store_cold_state(&root, &genesis_state, &mut ops)
+        .expect("build ops");
+    store.cold_db.do_atomically(ops).expect("write genesis");
+
+    for era in 1..=max_era {
+        era_dir
+            .import_era_file(&store, era, &spec, None, None)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("import ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    (store, spec, max_era)
+}
+
+/// Create ephemeral store with genesis state only.
+fn empty_store(spec: &ChainSpec) -> TestStore {
+    let store =
+        HotColdDB::open_ephemeral(StoreConfig::default(), Arc::new(spec.clone())).expect("store");
+    let mut genesis = load_genesis_state(spec);
+    let root = genesis.canonical_root().expect("hash");
+    let mut ops = vec![];
+    store
+        .store_cold_state(&root, &genesis, &mut ops)
+        .expect("ops");
+    store.cold_db.do_atomically(ops).expect("write");
+    store
+}
+
+/// Copy ERA files to temp dir, replacing one with a corrupt version.
+fn era_dir_with_corrupt(corrupt_file: &str, target_pattern: &str) -> tempfile::TempDir {
+    let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new().expect("tmp");
+    let src = test_vectors_dir();
+    let dst = tmp.path().join("era");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dst).expect("mkdir");
+
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(src.join("era")).expect("readdir") {
+        let entry = entry.expect("entry");
+        let name = entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().to_string();
+        if name.contains(target_pattern) {
+            std::fs::copy(src.join("corrupt").join(corrupt_file), dst.join(&name))
+                .expect("copy corrupt");
+        } else {
+            std::fs::copy(entry.path(), dst.join(&name)).expect("copy");
+        }
+    }
+    tmp
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// CONSUMER TEST
+// =============================================================================
+
+/// Import all ERA files, verify block hash chain and state roots.
+#[test]
+fn era_consumer_imports_and_verifies() {
+    let (store, spec, max_era) = import_all_era_files();
+    let slots_per_era = MinimalEthSpec::slots_per_historical_root() as u64;
+    let max_slot = max_era * slots_per_era;
+
+    // Collect all blocks by reading block root index, then fetching from store
+    let mut blocks_by_slot = std::collections::BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut seen_roots = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+
+    for slot in 0..max_slot {
+        let key = slot.to_be_bytes().to_vec();
+        if let Some(root_bytes) = store
+            .cold_db
+            .get_bytes(DBColumn::BeaconBlockRoots, &key)
+            .expect("read index")
+        {
+            let block_root = Hash256::from_slice(&root_bytes);
+            if seen_roots.insert(block_root) {
+                let block = store
+                    .get_full_block(&block_root)
+                    .expect("query")
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("block missing at slot {slot}"));
+                assert_eq!(
+                    block.canonical_root(),
+                    block_root,
+                    "block root mismatch at slot {slot}"
+                );
+                blocks_by_slot.insert(slot, block);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert!(
+        blocks_by_slot.len() > 700,
+        "expected >700 blocks, got {}",
+        blocks_by_slot.len()
+    );
+
+    // Verify parent_root chain: each block's parent_root must equal the previous block's root
+    let slots: Vec<_> = blocks_by_slot.keys().copied().collect();
+    for i in 1..slots.len() {
+        let block = &blocks_by_slot[&slots[i]];
+        let prev_block = &blocks_by_slot[&slots[i - 1]];
+        assert_eq!(
+            block.message().parent_root(),
+            prev_block.canonical_root(),
+            "broken hash chain at slot {}: parent_root doesn't match previous block root",
+            slots[i]
+        );
+    }
+
+    // Verify boundary states match ERA file state roots
+    let era_dir_path = test_vectors_dir().join("era");
+    let mut era_files: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(&era_dir_path)
+        .expect("readdir")
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .filter(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().ends_with(".era"))
+        .collect();
+    era_files.sort_by_key(|e| e.file_name());
+
+    for entry in &era_files {
+        let file = std::fs::File::open(entry.path()).expect("open");
+        let era = reth_era::era::file::EraReader::new(file)
+            .read_and_assemble("minimal".to_string())
+            .expect("parse");
+        let state_bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+        let mut era_state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+            BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&state_bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+        let expected_root = era_state.canonical_root().expect("root");
+        let slot = era_state.slot();
+
+        // Load state from store and verify root matches
+        let mut stored_state = store.load_cold_state_by_slot(slot).expect("load state");
+        assert_eq!(
+            stored_state.slot(),
+            slot,
+            "stored state slot mismatch at slot {slot}"
+        );
+        let stored_root = stored_state.canonical_root().expect("root");
+        assert_eq!(
+            stored_root, expected_root,
+            "state root mismatch at slot {slot}"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// PRODUCER TEST — byte-identical output
+// =============================================================================
+
+#[test]
+fn era_producer_output_is_byte_identical() {
+    use beacon_chain::era_file_producer;
+
+    let (store, _spec, max_era) = import_all_era_files();
+    let output = PathBuf::from("/tmp/era_producer_test_output");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&output);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&output).expect("mkdir");
+
+    for era in 0..=max_era {
+        era_file_producer::create_era_file(&store, era, &output)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("produce ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    let mut originals: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(test_vectors_dir().join("era"))
+        .expect("readdir")
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .filter(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().ends_with(".era"))
+        .collect();
+    originals.sort_by_key(|e| e.file_name());
+
+    let mut produced: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(&output)
+        .expect("readdir")
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .filter(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().ends_with(".era"))
+        .collect();
+    produced.sort_by_key(|e| e.file_name());
+
+    assert_eq!(originals.len(), produced.len(), "file count mismatch");
+
+    for (orig, prod) in originals.iter().zip(produced.iter()) {
+        assert_eq!(
+            std::fs::read(orig.path()).expect("read"),
+            std::fs::read(prod.path()).expect("read"),
+            "ERA mismatch: {:?}",
+            orig.file_name()
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// CORRUPTION TESTS — verify specific error messages
+// =============================================================================
+
+fn assert_import_fails(
+    corrupt_file: &str,
+    target_pattern: &str,
+    target_era: u64,
+    expected_err: &str,
+) {
+    let tmp = era_dir_with_corrupt(corrupt_file, target_pattern);
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    let era_dir = EraFileDir::new::<MinimalEthSpec>(&tmp.path().join("era"), &spec)
+        .expect("init should succeed");
+    let store = empty_store(&spec);
+
+    for era in 0..target_era {
+        era_dir
+            .import_era_file(&store, era, &spec, None, None)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    let err = era_dir
+        .import_era_file(&store, target_era, &spec, None, None)
+        .unwrap_err();
+    assert!(
+        err.contains(expected_err),
+        "expected \"{expected_err}\", got: {err}"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_corrupted_block_decompression() {
+    assert_import_fails("era1-corrupt-block.era", "-00001-", 1, "decompress");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_corrupted_genesis_state() {
+    assert_import_fails("era0-corrupt-state.era", "-00000-", 0, "decompress");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_corrupted_middle_state() {
+    assert_import_fails("era5-corrupt-state.era", "-00005-", 5, "decompress");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_corrupted_reference_state() {
+    let tmp = era_dir_with_corrupt("era12-corrupt-state.era", "-00012-");
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    match EraFileDir::new::<MinimalEthSpec>(&tmp.path().join("era"), &spec) {
+        Ok(_) => panic!("should fail with corrupted reference state"),
+        Err(err) => assert!(err.contains("decompress"), "expected decompress: {err}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_wrong_era_content() {
+    assert_import_fails(
+        "era3-wrong-content.era",
+        "-00003-",
+        3,
+        "era state slot mismatch",
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_wrong_era_root() {
+    assert_import_fails("era0-wrong-root.era", "-00000-", 0, "era root mismatch");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_corrupt_block_summary() {
+    assert_import_fails(
+        "era8-corrupt-block-summary.era",
+        "-00008-",
+        8,
+        "block summary root post-capella mismatch",
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_wrong_block_root() {
+    assert_import_fails(
+        "era2-wrong-block-root.era",
+        "-00002-",
+        2,
+        "block root mismatch",
+    );
+}
+
+/// Mutated balance in ERA 3 state → state root doesn't match trusted root.
+/// Without a trusted root, the consumer can't detect this (historical_summaries only
+/// commit to block_roots/state_roots vectors, not full state content).
+/// The trusted state root feature catches it.
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_mutated_state_with_trusted_root() {
+    let tmp = era_dir_with_corrupt("era3-wrong-state-root.era", "-00003-");
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    let era_dir = EraFileDir::new::<MinimalEthSpec>(&tmp.path().join("era"), &spec)
+        .expect("init should succeed");
+    let store = empty_store(&spec);
+
+    for era in 0..3 {
+        era_dir
+            .import_era_file(&store, era, &spec, None, None)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    // Get the CORRECT state root from the original ERA 3 file
+    let orig_era3 = std::fs::read_dir(test_vectors_dir().join("era"))
+        .expect("readdir")
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .find(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().contains("-00003-"))
+        .expect("ERA 3");
+    let file = std::fs::File::open(orig_era3.path()).expect("open");
+    let era = reth_era::era::file::EraReader::new(file)
+        .read_and_assemble("minimal".to_string())
+        .expect("parse");
+    let state_bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+    let mut state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+        BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&state_bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+    let correct_root = state.canonical_root().expect("root");
+    let slot = state.slot();
+
+    // Import mutated ERA 3 with trusted root → should fail because balance was changed
+    let err = era_dir
+        .import_era_file(&store, 3, &spec, Some(correct_root), Some(slot))
+        .unwrap_err();
+    assert!(
+        err.contains("trusted state root mismatch"),
+        "expected trusted state root mismatch: {err}"
+    );
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// TRUSTED STATE ROOT VERIFICATION
+// =============================================================================
+
+#[test]
+fn era_rejects_wrong_trusted_state_root() {
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    let store = empty_store(&spec);
+    let era_dir_path = test_vectors_dir().join("era");
+    let era_dir = EraFileDir::new::<MinimalEthSpec>(&era_dir_path, &spec).expect("open");
+
+    for era in 0..=2 {
+        era_dir
+            .import_era_file(&store, era, &spec, None, None)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    // Get correct state root for ERA 3
+    let era3_file = std::fs::read_dir(&era_dir_path)
+        .expect("readdir")
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .find(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().contains("-00003-"))
+        .expect("ERA 3");
+
+    let file = std::fs::File::open(era3_file.path()).expect("open");
+    let era = reth_era::era::file::EraReader::new(file)
+        .read_and_assemble("minimal".to_string())
+        .expect("parse");
+    let state_bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+    let mut state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+        BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&state_bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+    let correct_root = state.canonical_root().expect("root");
+    let slot = state.slot();
+
+    // Correct root passes
+    era_dir
+        .import_era_file(&store, 3, &spec, Some(correct_root), Some(slot))
+        .expect("correct root should pass");
+
+    // Wrong root fails
+    let wrong_root = {
+        let mut bytes: [u8; 32] = correct_root.into();
+        bytes[0] ^= 0x01;
+        Hash256::from(bytes)
+    };
+
+    let store2 = empty_store(&spec);
+    for era in 0..=2 {
+        era_dir
+            .import_era_file(&store2, era, &spec, None, None)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("ERA {era}: {e}"));
+    }
+
+    let err = era_dir
+        .import_era_file(&store2, 3, &spec, Some(wrong_root), Some(slot))
+        .unwrap_err();
+    assert!(
+        err.contains("trusted state root mismatch"),
+        "expected trusted state root mismatch: {err}"
+    );
+}
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/README.md b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..400a6c5e2e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# ERA File Test Vectors
+
+Minimal preset test vectors for ERA file import/export testing.
+
+## Network Configuration
+
+- **Preset**: minimal (SLOTS_PER_EPOCH=8, SLOTS_PER_HISTORICAL_ROOT=64)
+- **One ERA file** = 64 slots = 8 epochs
+- **Validators**: 1024
+- **Fork schedule**: All forks active from genesis (Electra), Fulu at epoch 100000
+
+## Contents
+
+- `config.yaml` — Network configuration (CL fork schedule + parameters)
+- `genesis.ssz` — Genesis state (SSZ encoded)
+- `era/` — 13 ERA files (minimal-00000 through minimal-00012)
+  - 832 slots total (epochs 0-103)
+  - ~2.4MB compressed
+
+## Generation
+
+Generated using Nimbus `launch_local_testnet.sh` with `--preset minimal --nodes 2 --stop-at-epoch 100 --run-geth --run-spamoor`, then exported via `ncli_db exportEra`.
+
+ERA files contain real blocks with execution payloads (transactions generated by spamoor).
+
+## Test Coverage
+
+### Consumer Tests (4 tests)
+- `era_consumer_imports_all_files` — Imports all 13 ERA files into a fresh store, verifies 768 block root index entries
+- `era_consumer_blocks_are_readable` — Verifies all 767 unique blocks are loadable from the store
+- `era_consumer_genesis_state_intact` — Verifies genesis state with 1024 validators
+- `era_files_are_parseable` — Verifies all ERA files can be parsed by reth_era library
+
+### Producer Test (1 test)
+- `era_producer_generates_identical_files` — Re-exports ERA files from imported data and verifies byte-for-byte match with original Nimbus-generated files
+
+All tests passing ✅
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/config.yaml b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/config.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a1895239ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# This file should contain the origin run-time config for the minimal
+# network [1] without all properties overriden in the local network
+# simulation. We use to generate a full run-time config as required
+# by third-party binaries, such as Lighthouse and Web3Signer.
+#
+# [1]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/dev/configs/minimal.yaml
+
+# Minimal config
+
+# Extends the minimal preset
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) PRESET_BASE: 'minimal'
+
+# Free-form short name of the network that this configuration applies to - known
+# canonical network names include:
+# * 'mainnet' - there can be only one
+# * 'prater' - testnet
+# Must match the regex: [a-z0-9\-]
+CONFIG_NAME: 'minimal'
+
+# Transition
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# 2**256-2**10 for testing minimal network
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) TERMINAL_TOTAL_DIFFICULTY: 115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129638912
+# By default, don't use these params
+TERMINAL_BLOCK_HASH: 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+TERMINAL_BLOCK_HASH_ACTIVATION_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+
+
+
+# Genesis
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# [customized]
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) MIN_GENESIS_ACTIVE_VALIDATOR_COUNT: 64
+# Jan 3, 2020
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) MIN_GENESIS_TIME: 1578009600
+# Highest byte set to 0x01 to avoid collisions with mainnet versioning
+GENESIS_FORK_VERSION: 0x00000001
+# [customized] Faster to spin up testnets, but does not give validator reasonable warning time for genesis
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) GENESIS_DELAY: 300
+
+
+# Forking
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# Values provided for illustrative purposes.
+# Individual tests/testnets may set different values.
+
+# Altair
+ALTAIR_FORK_VERSION: 0x01000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) ALTAIR_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+# Bellatrix
+BELLATRIX_FORK_VERSION: 0x02000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) BELLATRIX_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+# Capella
+CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION: 0x03000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+# Deneb
+DENEB_FORK_VERSION: 0x04000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) DENEB_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+# Electra
+ELECTRA_FORK_VERSION: 0x05000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) ELECTRA_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+# Fulu
+FULU_FORK_VERSION: 0x06000001
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) FULU_FORK_EPOCH: 18446744073709551615
+
+# Time parameters
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# [customized] Faster for testing purposes
+SECONDS_PER_SLOT: 6
+# 14 (estimate from Eth1 mainnet)
+SECONDS_PER_ETH1_BLOCK: 14
+# 2**8 (= 256) epochs
+MIN_VALIDATOR_WITHDRAWABILITY_DELAY: 256
+# [customized] higher frequency of committee turnover and faster time to acceptable voluntary exit
+SHARD_COMMITTEE_PERIOD: 64
+# [customized] process deposits more quickly, but insecure
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) ETH1_FOLLOW_DISTANCE: 16
+
+
+# Validator cycle
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# 2**2 (= 4)
+INACTIVITY_SCORE_BIAS: 4
+# 2**4 (= 16)
+INACTIVITY_SCORE_RECOVERY_RATE: 16
+# 2**4 * 10**9 (= 16,000,000,000) Gwei
+EJECTION_BALANCE: 16000000000
+# [customized] more easily demonstrate the difference between this value and the activation churn limit
+MIN_PER_EPOCH_CHURN_LIMIT: 2
+# [customized] scale queue churn at much lower validator counts for testing
+CHURN_LIMIT_QUOTIENT: 32
+# [New in Deneb:EIP7514] [customized]
+MAX_PER_EPOCH_ACTIVATION_CHURN_LIMIT: 4
+
+
+# Fork choice
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# 40%
+PROPOSER_SCORE_BOOST: 40
+# 20%
+REORG_HEAD_WEIGHT_THRESHOLD: 20
+# 160%
+REORG_PARENT_WEIGHT_THRESHOLD: 160
+# `2` epochs
+REORG_MAX_EPOCHS_SINCE_FINALIZATION: 2
+
+
+# Deposit contract
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# Ethereum Goerli testnet
+DEPOSIT_CHAIN_ID: 5
+DEPOSIT_NETWORK_ID: 5
+# Configured on a per testnet basis
+# (overriden in launch_local_testnet.sh) DEPOSIT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS: 0x1234567890123456789012345678901234567890
+
+
+# Networking
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------
+# `10 * 2**20` (= 10485760, 10 MiB)
+MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE: 10485760
+# `2**10` (= 1024)
+MAX_REQUEST_BLOCKS: 1024
+# `2**8` (= 256)
+EPOCHS_PER_SUBNET_SUBSCRIPTION: 256
+# [customized] `MIN_VALIDATOR_WITHDRAWABILITY_DELAY + CHURN_LIMIT_QUOTIENT // 2` (= 272)
+MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOCK_REQUESTS: 272
+ATTESTATION_PROPAGATION_SLOT_RANGE: 32
+# 500ms
+MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY: 500
+MESSAGE_DOMAIN_INVALID_SNAPPY: 0x00000000
+MESSAGE_DOMAIN_VALID_SNAPPY: 0x01000000
+# 2 subnets per node
+SUBNETS_PER_NODE: 2
+# 2**8 (= 64)
+ATTESTATION_SUBNET_COUNT: 64
+ATTESTATION_SUBNET_EXTRA_BITS: 0
+# ceillog2(ATTESTATION_SUBNET_COUNT) + ATTESTATION_SUBNET_EXTRA_BITS
+ATTESTATION_SUBNET_PREFIX_BITS: 6
+
+# Deneb
+# `2**7` (=128)
+MAX_REQUEST_BLOCKS_DENEB: 128
+# `2**12` (= 4096 epochs, ~18 days)
+MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOB_SIDECARS_REQUESTS: 4096
+# `6`
+BLOB_SIDECAR_SUBNET_COUNT: 6
+## `uint64(6)`
+MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK: 6
+# MAX_REQUEST_BLOCKS_DENEB * MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK
+MAX_REQUEST_BLOB_SIDECARS: 768
+
+# Electra
+# [customized] 2**6 * 10**9 (= 64,000,000,000)
+MIN_PER_EPOCH_CHURN_LIMIT_ELECTRA: 64000000000
+# [customized] 2**7 * 10**9 (= 128,000,000,000)
+MAX_PER_EPOCH_ACTIVATION_EXIT_CHURN_LIMIT: 128000000000
+# `9`
+BLOB_SIDECAR_SUBNET_COUNT_ELECTRA: 9
+# `uint64(9)`
+MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK_ELECTRA: 9
+# MAX_REQUEST_BLOCKS_DENEB * MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK_ELECTRA
+MAX_REQUEST_BLOB_SIDECARS_ELECTRA: 1152
+
+# Fulu
+NUMBER_OF_COLUMNS: 128
+NUMBER_OF_CUSTODY_GROUPS: 128
+DATA_COLUMN_SIDECAR_SUBNET_COUNT: 128
+MAX_REQUEST_DATA_COLUMN_SIDECARS: 16384
+SAMPLES_PER_SLOT: 8
+CUSTODY_REQUIREMENT: 4
+VALIDATOR_CUSTODY_REQUIREMENT: 8
+BALANCE_PER_ADDITIONAL_CUSTODY_GROUP: 32000000000
+MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_DATA_COLUMN_SIDECARS_REQUESTS: 4096
+PRESET_BASE: minimal
+MIN_GENESIS_ACTIVE_VALIDATOR_COUNT: 1024
+MIN_GENESIS_TIME: 0
+GENESIS_DELAY: 10
+DEPOSIT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS: 0x4242424242424242424242424242424242424242
+ETH1_FOLLOW_DISTANCE: 1
+ALTAIR_FORK_EPOCH: 0
+BELLATRIX_FORK_EPOCH: 0
+CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH: 0
+DENEB_FORK_EPOCH: 0
+ELECTRA_FORK_EPOCH: 0
+FULU_FORK_EPOCH: 100000
+TERMINAL_TOTAL_DIFFICULTY: 0
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-corrupt-state.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-corrupt-state.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..41b15550a17
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-corrupt-state.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-wrong-root.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-wrong-root.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec1aedafc74
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era0-wrong-root.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era1-corrupt-block.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era1-corrupt-block.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdb1aac68ff
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era1-corrupt-block.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era12-corrupt-state.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era12-corrupt-state.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f291dcad89c
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era12-corrupt-state.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era2-wrong-block-root.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era2-wrong-block-root.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0f28602486a
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era2-wrong-block-root.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-content.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-content.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..472496b6e95
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-content.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-state-root.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-state-root.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58eb4141127
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era3-wrong-state-root.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era5-corrupt-state.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era5-corrupt-state.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b5bb34deca
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era5-corrupt-state.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era8-corrupt-block-summary.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era8-corrupt-block-summary.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6e07854815
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/corrupt/era8-corrupt-block-summary.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/create_corrupt_files.py b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/create_corrupt_files.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..97e555444ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/create_corrupt_files.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Create corrupted ERA files for testing ERA consumer error handling.
+
+This script generates specific corrupt ERA files by:
+1. Parsing existing ERA files
+2. Modifying specific parts (block data, state data)
+3. Re-encoding with valid compression
+
+Requires: pip install python-snappy
+"""
+import os
+import sys
+import shutil
+from pathlib import Path
+
+try:
+    import snappy
+except ImportError:
+    print("ERROR: python-snappy not installed. Run: pip install python-snappy", file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).parent
+ERA_DIR = SCRIPT_DIR / "era"
+CORRUPT_DIR = SCRIPT_DIR / "corrupt"
+
+def read_era_file(path):
+    """Read ERA file and return raw bytes."""
+    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+        return f.read()
+
+def find_era_file(pattern):
+    """Find ERA file matching pattern."""
+    files = list(ERA_DIR.glob(f"minimal-{pattern}-*.era"))
+    if not files:
+        return None
+    return files[0]
+
+def corrupt_bytes_at_offset(data, offset, xor_pattern=0xFF):
+    """Corrupt bytes at specific offset by XOR."""
+    result = bytearray(data)
+    result[offset] ^= xor_pattern
+    result[offset + 1] ^= xor_pattern
+    return bytes(result)
+
+def main():
+    print("Creating corrupt ERA test files...\n")
+    CORRUPT_DIR.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Test 1: ERA root mismatch - corrupt genesis_validators_root in ERA 0
+    era0 = find_era_file("00000")
+    if era0:
+        data = read_era_file(era0)
+        # Corrupt bytes in the state section (after 16-byte header)
+        # The state is compressed, so corruption will propagate through state root
+        corrupt_data = corrupt_bytes_at_offset(data, 16 + 50)
+        output = CORRUPT_DIR / "era0-wrong-root.era"
+        with open(output, 'wb') as f:
+            f.write(corrupt_data)
+        print(f"✓ Created era0-wrong-root.era ({len(corrupt_data)} bytes)")
+    else:
+        print("⚠ ERA 0 file not found, skipping", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Test 2: Block summary root post-Capella mismatch - corrupt block_roots
+    era8 = find_era_file("00008")
+    if era8:
+        data = read_era_file(era8)
+        # Corrupt state section (different offset than ERA 0)
+        corrupt_data = corrupt_bytes_at_offset(data, 16 + 100)
+        output = CORRUPT_DIR / "era8-corrupt-block-summary.era"
+        with open(output, 'wb') as f:
+            f.write(corrupt_data)
+        print(f"✓ Created era8-corrupt-block-summary.era ({len(corrupt_data)} bytes)")
+    else:
+        print("⚠ ERA 8 file not found, skipping", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Test 3: Block root mismatch - corrupt a block
+    era2 = find_era_file("00002")
+    if era2:
+        data = read_era_file(era2)
+        # Find and corrupt a block (blocks come after state in ERA file)
+        # We'll corrupt somewhere in the middle where blocks likely are
+        corrupt_offset = len(data) // 3  # Rough guess at block location
+        corrupt_data = corrupt_bytes_at_offset(data, corrupt_offset)
+        output = CORRUPT_DIR / "era2-wrong-block-root.era"
+        with open(output, 'wb') as f:
+            f.write(corrupt_data)
+        print(f"✓ Created era2-wrong-block-root.era ({len(corrupt_data)} bytes)")
+    else:
+        print("⚠ ERA 2 file not found, skipping", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    print(f"\n✓ Corrupt files created in: {CORRUPT_DIR}")
+    print(f"Total files: {len(list(CORRUPT_DIR.glob('*.era')))}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00000-effed385.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00000-effed385.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f89fda38443
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00000-effed385.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00001-c33842ef.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00001-c33842ef.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ae316d8127
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00001-c33842ef.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00002-8d6762e2.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00002-8d6762e2.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..187b85694f0
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00002-8d6762e2.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00003-62feb608.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00003-62feb608.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..01f77497783
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00003-62feb608.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00004-3a2dbbc9.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00004-3a2dbbc9.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19731cccb05
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00004-3a2dbbc9.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00005-8c0cd358.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00005-8c0cd358.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..472496b6e95
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00005-8c0cd358.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00006-f142ca09.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00006-f142ca09.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98b2e940cf6
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00006-f142ca09.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00007-dff7bc62.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00007-dff7bc62.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6255ebc6cc8
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00007-dff7bc62.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00008-b2b38a6c.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00008-b2b38a6c.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c1d797b37be
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00008-b2b38a6c.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00009-2a918294.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00009-2a918294.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39791cb392d
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00009-2a918294.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00010-ce2964fb.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00010-ce2964fb.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..65184de626c
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00010-ce2964fb.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00011-19a0f945.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00011-19a0f945.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a15e0127597
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00011-19a0f945.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00012-ea166d10.era b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00012-ea166d10.era
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..16682cf1784
Binary files /dev/null and b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/era/minimal-00012-ea166d10.era differ
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/metadata.json b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/metadata.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c0d5895953c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/era_test_vectors/metadata.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"head_slot": 802, "head_root": "49f82639", "finalized_slot": 784, "finalized_root": "55720c58", "era_count": 13, "last_era_slot": 832}
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/gen_corrupt_era_files.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/gen_corrupt_era_files.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3696e88eed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/gen_corrupt_era_files.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/// Generate corrupt ERA files for testing.
+/// Run: cargo test -p beacon_chain --test beacon_chain_tests gen_corrupt -- --nocapture --ignored
+use reth_era::common::file_ops::{StreamReader, StreamWriter};
+use reth_era::era::file::{EraFile, EraReader, EraWriter};
+use reth_era::era::types::consensus::{CompressedBeaconState, CompressedSignedBeaconBlock};
+use ssz::Encode;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use types::{BeaconState, ChainSpec, Config, Graffiti, MinimalEthSpec, SignedBeaconBlock};
+
+fn test_vectors_dir() -> PathBuf {
+    PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+        .join("tests")
+        .join("era_test_vectors")
+}
+
+fn load_test_spec() -> ChainSpec {
+    let config_str =
+        std::fs::read_to_string(test_vectors_dir().join("config.yaml")).expect("read config.yaml");
+    let config: Config = serde_yaml::from_str(&config_str).expect("parse config");
+    config
+        .apply_to_chain_spec::<MinimalEthSpec>(&ChainSpec::minimal())
+        .expect("apply config")
+}
+
+fn find_era_file(pattern: &str) -> PathBuf {
+    let era_dir = test_vectors_dir().join("era");
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(&era_dir).expect("readdir") {
+        let entry = entry.expect("entry");
+        if entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().contains(pattern) {
+            return entry.path();
+        }
+    }
+    panic!("ERA file matching {pattern} not found");
+}
+
+fn read_era(path: &std::path::Path) -> EraFile {
+    let file = std::fs::File::open(path).expect("open");
+    EraReader::new(file)
+        .read_and_assemble("minimal".to_string())
+        .expect("parse")
+}
+
+fn write_era(era_file: &EraFile, output: &std::path::Path) {
+    let file = std::fs::File::create(output).expect("create");
+    let mut writer = EraWriter::new(file);
+    writer.write_file(era_file).expect("write");
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[ignore] // Run manually: cargo test ... gen_corrupt -- --ignored --nocapture
+fn gen_corrupt() {
+    let spec = load_test_spec();
+    let out = test_vectors_dir().join("corrupt");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&out).expect("mkdir");
+
+    // --- era0-wrong-root.era: modified genesis_validators_root ---
+    {
+        let mut era = read_era(&find_era_file("-00000-"));
+        let bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+        let mut state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+            BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+        state.genesis_validators_root_mut().as_mut_slice()[0] ^= 0x01;
+        era.group.era_state =
+            CompressedBeaconState::from_ssz(&state.as_ssz_bytes()).expect("compress");
+        write_era(&era, &out.join("era0-wrong-root.era"));
+        println!("✓ era0-wrong-root.era");
+    }
+
+    // --- era8-corrupt-block-summary.era: modified block_roots vector ---
+    {
+        let mut era = read_era(&find_era_file("-00008-"));
+        let bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+        let mut state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+            BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+        if let Some(r) = state.block_roots_mut().get_mut(0) {
+            r.as_mut_slice()[0] ^= 0x01;
+        }
+        era.group.era_state =
+            CompressedBeaconState::from_ssz(&state.as_ssz_bytes()).expect("compress");
+        write_era(&era, &out.join("era8-corrupt-block-summary.era"));
+        println!("✓ era8-corrupt-block-summary.era");
+    }
+
+    // --- era2-wrong-block-root.era: modified block graffiti ---
+    {
+        let mut era = read_era(&find_era_file("-00002-"));
+        if let Some(block_compressed) = era.group.blocks.first_mut() {
+            let bytes = block_compressed.decompress().expect("decompress");
+            let mut block: SignedBeaconBlock<MinimalEthSpec> =
+                SignedBeaconBlock::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+            *block.message_mut().body_mut().graffiti_mut() =
+                Graffiti::from(*b"CORRUPTED_BLOCK_DATA!!!!!!!!!!!!");
+            *block_compressed =
+                CompressedSignedBeaconBlock::from_ssz(&block.as_ssz_bytes()).expect("compress");
+        }
+        write_era(&era, &out.join("era2-wrong-block-root.era"));
+        println!("✓ era2-wrong-block-root.era");
+    }
+
+    // --- era3-wrong-state-root.era: modified balance ---
+    {
+        let mut era = read_era(&find_era_file("-00003-"));
+        let bytes = era.group.era_state.decompress().expect("decompress");
+        let mut state: BeaconState<MinimalEthSpec> =
+            BeaconState::from_ssz_bytes(&bytes, &spec).expect("decode");
+        if let Some(bal) = state.balances_mut().get_mut(0) {
+            *bal = bal.wrapping_add(1);
+        }
+        era.group.era_state =
+            CompressedBeaconState::from_ssz(&state.as_ssz_bytes()).expect("compress");
+        write_era(&era, &out.join("era3-wrong-state-root.era"));
+        println!("✓ era3-wrong-state-root.era");
+    }
+
+    println!("\nDone: {:?}", out);
+}
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/main.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/main.rs
index aec44164195..9e02d8a4201 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/main.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/tests/main.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ mod blob_verification;
 mod block_verification;
 mod capella;
 mod column_verification;
+mod era_file_tests;
 mod events;
+mod gen_corrupt_era_files;
 mod op_verification;
 mod payload_invalidation;
 mod rewards;
diff --git a/beacon_node/client/src/builder.rs b/beacon_node/client/src/builder.rs
index 1b395ac8da5..0e13fbf023a 100644
--- a/beacon_node/client/src/builder.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/client/src/builder.rs
@@ -248,7 +248,12 @@ where
 
             ClientGenesis::DepositContract
         } else if chain_exists {
-            if matches!(client_genesis, ClientGenesis::WeakSubjSszBytes { .. })
+            if matches!(client_genesis, ClientGenesis::EraFiles { .. }) {
+                info!(
+                    msg = "database already exists, use --purge-db to force era import",
+                    "Refusing to import era files"
+                );
+            } else if matches!(client_genesis, ClientGenesis::WeakSubjSszBytes { .. })
                 || matches!(client_genesis, ClientGenesis::CheckpointSyncUrl { .. })
             {
                 info!(
@@ -460,6 +465,18 @@ where
                 return Err("Loading genesis from deposit contract no longer supported".to_string());
             }
             ClientGenesis::FromStore => builder.resume_from_db()?,
+            ClientGenesis::EraFiles { era_files_dir } => {
+                info!(?era_files_dir, "Importing era files");
+                let genesis_state = genesis_state(&runtime_context, &config).await?;
+                let trusted_state_root = config.store.era_trusted_state_root;
+                let trusted_slot = config.store.era_trusted_slot;
+                builder.era_files(
+                    &era_files_dir,
+                    genesis_state,
+                    trusted_state_root,
+                    trusted_slot,
+                )?
+            }
         };
 
         self.beacon_chain_builder = Some(beacon_chain_builder);
diff --git a/beacon_node/client/src/config.rs b/beacon_node/client/src/config.rs
index aeaa196df86..db5ad0d217a 100644
--- a/beacon_node/client/src/config.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/client/src/config.rs
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ pub enum ClientGenesis {
     CheckpointSyncUrl {
         url: SensitiveUrl,
     },
+    EraFiles {
+        era_files_dir: PathBuf,
+    },
 }
 
 /// The core configuration of a Lighthouse beacon node.
diff --git a/beacon_node/lighthouse_network/src/config.rs b/beacon_node/lighthouse_network/src/config.rs
index cb94bfff22b..8f45da2926d 100644
--- a/beacon_node/lighthouse_network/src/config.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/lighthouse_network/src/config.rs
@@ -118,6 +118,8 @@ pub struct Config {
 
     /// Whether we are running a block proposer only node.
     pub proposer_only: bool,
+    /// Optional directory containing `.era` files for backfill.
+    pub era_files_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
 
     /// Whether metrics are enabled.
     pub metrics_enabled: bool,
@@ -357,6 +359,7 @@ impl Default for Config {
             shutdown_after_sync: false,
             topics: Vec::new(),
             proposer_only: false,
+            era_files_dir: None,
             metrics_enabled: false,
             enable_light_client_server: true,
             outbound_rate_limiter_config: None,
diff --git a/beacon_node/network/Cargo.toml b/beacon_node/network/Cargo.toml
index 78dc0c48a75..b7d36b880d6 100644
--- a/beacon_node/network/Cargo.toml
+++ b/beacon_node/network/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ metrics = { workspace = true }
 operation_pool = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true }
 rand = { workspace = true }
+reth-era = { workspace = true }
 slot_clock = { workspace = true }
 smallvec = { workspace = true }
 ssz_types = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/sync_methods.rs b/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/sync_methods.rs
index a6b3ea9e4b1..55bd523c892 100644
--- a/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/sync_methods.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/sync_methods.rs
@@ -613,16 +613,7 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> NetworkBeaconProcessor<T> {
         process_id: ChainSegmentProcessId,
         downloaded_blocks: Vec<RpcBlock<T::EthSpec>>,
     ) {
-        let ChainSegmentProcessId::BackSyncBatchId(epoch) = process_id else {
-            // this a request from RangeSync, this should _never_ happen
-            crit!(
-                error =
-                    "process_chain_segment_backfill called on a variant other than BackSyncBatchId",
-                "Please notify the devs"
-            );
-            return;
-        };
-
+        let block_count = downloaded_blocks.len();
         let start_slot = downloaded_blocks.first().map(|b| b.slot().as_u64());
         let end_slot = downloaded_blocks.last().map(|b| b.slot().as_u64());
         let sent_blocks = downloaded_blocks.len();
@@ -638,15 +629,16 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> NetworkBeaconProcessor<T> {
         let result = match self.process_backfill_blocks(downloaded_blocks) {
             (imported_blocks, Ok(_)) => {
                 debug!(
-                            batch_epoch = %epoch,
-                            first_block_slot = start_slot,
-                            keep_execution_payload = !self.chain.store.get_config().prune_payloads,
-                            last_block_slot = end_slot,
-                            processed_blocks = sent_blocks,
-                            processed_blobs = n_blobs,
-                            processed_data_columns = n_data_columns,
-                            service= "sync",
-                            "Backfill batch processed");
+                    block_count,
+                    first_block_slot = start_slot,
+                    keep_execution_payload = !self.chain.store.get_config().prune_payloads,
+                    last_block_slot = end_slot,
+                    processed_blocks = sent_blocks,
+                    processed_blobs = n_blobs,
+                    processed_data_columns = n_data_columns,
+                    service = "sync",
+                    "Backfill batch processed"
+                );
                 BatchProcessResult::Success {
                     sent_blocks,
                     imported_blocks,
@@ -654,7 +646,7 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> NetworkBeaconProcessor<T> {
             }
             (_, Err(e)) => {
                 debug!(
-                    batch_epoch = %epoch,
+                    block_count,
                     first_block_slot = start_slot,
                     last_block_slot = end_slot,
                     processed_blobs = n_blobs,
diff --git a/beacon_node/src/cli.rs b/beacon_node/src/cli.rs
index 9553fe60ba2..79355976a61 100644
--- a/beacon_node/src/cli.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/src/cli.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,32 @@ pub fn cli_app() -> Command {
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .display_order(0)
         )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("era-files-dir")
+                .long("era-files-dir")
+                .value_name("DIR")
+                .help("Directory containing .era files for backfill and where new .era files will be written.")
+                .action(ArgAction::Set)
+                .display_order(0)
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("era-trusted-state-root")
+                .long("era-trusted-state-root")
+                .value_name("ROOT")
+                .help("Trusted state root to verify when importing ERA files. Must be used with --era-trusted-slot.")
+                .requires("era-trusted-slot")
+                .action(ArgAction::Set)
+                .display_order(0)
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("era-trusted-slot")
+                .long("era-trusted-slot")
+                .value_name("SLOT")
+                .help("Slot number of the trusted state root. Must be used with --era-trusted-state-root.")
+                .requires("era-trusted-state-root")
+                .action(ArgAction::Set)
+                .display_order(0)
+        )
         /*
          * Network parameters.
          */
@@ -414,6 +440,15 @@ pub fn cli_app() -> Command {
                 .help_heading(FLAG_HEADER)
                 .display_order(0)
         )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("era-files-dir")
+                .long("era-files-dir")
+                .value_name("DIR")
+                .help("Directory containing `.era` files to use for backfill.")
+                .action(ArgAction::Set)
+                .help_heading(FLAG_HEADER)
+                .display_order(0)
+        )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("complete-blob-backfill")
                 .long("complete-blob-backfill")
diff --git a/beacon_node/src/config.rs b/beacon_node/src/config.rs
index 752cf105505..c0c0480a3f1 100644
--- a/beacon_node/src/config.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/src/config.rs
@@ -350,6 +350,24 @@ pub fn get_config<E: EthSpec>(
         client_config.freezer_db_path = Some(PathBuf::from(freezer_dir));
     }
 
+    if let Some(era_files_dir) = cli_args.get_one::<String>("era-files-dir") {
+        client_config.store.era_files_dir = Some(PathBuf::from(era_files_dir));
+    }
+
+    if let Some(root_str) = cli_args.get_one::<String>("era-trusted-state-root") {
+        let root = root_str
+            .parse::<Hash256>()
+            .map_err(|e| format!("Invalid era-trusted-state-root: {}", e))?;
+        client_config.store.era_trusted_state_root = Some(root);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(slot_str) = cli_args.get_one::<String>("era-trusted-slot") {
+        let slot = slot_str
+            .parse::<u64>()
+            .map_err(|e| format!("Invalid era-trusted-slot: {}", e))?;
+        client_config.store.era_trusted_slot = Some(Slot::new(slot));
+    }
+
     if let Some(blobs_db_dir) = cli_args.get_one::<String>("blobs-dir") {
         client_config.blobs_db_path = Some(PathBuf::from(blobs_db_dir));
     }
@@ -808,6 +826,14 @@ pub fn get_config<E: EthSpec>(
         client_config.chain.genesis_backfill = true;
     }
 
+    if let Some(dir) = clap_utils::parse_optional::<String>(cli_args, "era-files-dir")? {
+        let path = PathBuf::from(dir);
+        client_config.store.era_files_dir = Some(path.clone());
+        client_config.genesis = ClientGenesis::EraFiles {
+            era_files_dir: path,
+        };
+    }
+
     client_config.chain.complete_blob_backfill = cli_args.get_flag("complete-blob-backfill");
 
     // Ensure `prune_blobs` is false whenever complete-blob-backfill is set. This overrides any
diff --git a/beacon_node/store/src/config.rs b/beacon_node/store/src/config.rs
index 29705283fa9..0c21b04f8b7 100644
--- a/beacon_node/store/src/config.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/store/src/config.rs
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ use ssz::{Decode, Encode};
 use ssz_derive::{Decode, Encode};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
 use strum::{Display, EnumString, VariantNames};
 use superstruct::superstruct;
 use types::EthSpec;
 use types::new_non_zero_usize;
+use types::{Hash256, Slot};
 use zstd::{Decoder, Encoder};
 
 #[cfg(all(feature = "redb", not(feature = "leveldb")))]
@@ -64,6 +66,12 @@ pub struct StoreConfig {
     /// The margin for blob pruning in epochs. The oldest blobs are pruned up until
     /// data_availability_boundary - blob_prune_margin_epochs. Default: 0.
     pub blob_prune_margin_epochs: u64,
+    /// Directory for era file import and production.
+    pub era_files_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// Trusted state root for ERA file verification.
+    pub era_trusted_state_root: Option<Hash256>,
+    /// Slot number of the trusted state root.
+    pub era_trusted_slot: Option<Slot>,
 }
 
 /// Variant of `StoreConfig` that gets written to disk. Contains immutable configuration params.
@@ -120,6 +128,9 @@ impl Default for StoreConfig {
             prune_blobs: true,
             epochs_per_blob_prune: DEFAULT_EPOCHS_PER_BLOB_PRUNE,
             blob_prune_margin_epochs: DEFAULT_BLOB_PUNE_MARGIN_EPOCHS,
+            era_files_dir: None,
+            era_trusted_state_root: None,
+            era_trusted_slot: None,
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs b/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs
index 6e165702a27..44b952233a7 100644
--- a/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs
@@ -88,6 +88,16 @@ pub struct HotColdDB<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> {
     _phantom: PhantomData<E>,
 }
 
+fn era_import_pointer_key() -> &'static [u8] {
+    b"era_import_ptr"
+}
+
+fn era_reconstruction_key(era_number: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut key = b"era_recon:".to_vec();
+    key.extend_from_slice(&era_number.to_be_bytes());
+    key
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct BlockCache<E: EthSpec> {
     block_cache: LruCache<Hash256, SignedBeaconBlock<E>>,
@@ -196,7 +206,7 @@ pub enum HotColdDBError {
     RestorePointDecodeError(ssz::DecodeError),
     BlockReplayBeaconError(BeaconStateError),
     BlockReplaySlotError(SlotProcessingError),
-    BlockReplayBlockError(BlockProcessingError),
+    BlockReplayBlockError(Slot, BlockProcessingError),
     InvalidSlotsPerRestorePoint {
         slots_per_restore_point: u64,
         slots_per_historical_root: u64,
@@ -1092,6 +1102,17 @@ impl<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>
         }
     }
 
+    /// Store and commit a state into the cold db store.
+    pub fn put_cold_state(
+        &self,
+        state_root: &Hash256,
+        state: &BeaconState<E>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let mut ops: Vec<KeyValueStoreOp> = Vec::new();
+        self.store_cold_state(state_root, state, &mut ops)?;
+        self.cold_db.do_atomically(ops)
+    }
+
     /// Fetch a state from the store.
     ///
     /// If `slot` is provided then it will be used as a hint as to which database should
@@ -2084,31 +2105,16 @@ impl<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>
         self.store_cold_state_summary(state_root, state.slot(), ops)?;
 
         let slot = state.slot();
-        match self.cold_storage_strategy(slot)? {
-            StorageStrategy::ReplayFrom(from) => {
-                debug!(
-                    strategy = "replay",
-                    from_slot = %from,
-                    %slot,
-                    "Storing cold state",
-                );
+        let strategy = self.cold_storage_strategy(slot)?;
+        debug!(?strategy, %slot, "Storing cold state");
+        match strategy {
+            StorageStrategy::ReplayFrom(_) => {
                 // Already have persisted the state summary, don't persist anything else
             }
             StorageStrategy::Snapshot => {
-                debug!(
-                    strategy = "snapshot",
-                    %slot,
-                    "Storing cold state"
-                );
                 self.store_cold_state_as_snapshot(state, ops)?;
             }
             StorageStrategy::DiffFrom(from) => {
-                debug!(
-                    strategy = "diff",
-                    from_slot = %from,
-                    %slot,
-                    "Storing cold state"
-                );
                 self.store_cold_state_as_diff(state, from, ops)?;
             }
         }
@@ -3137,6 +3143,41 @@ impl<E: EthSpec, Hot: ItemStore<E>, Cold: ItemStore<E>> HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>
         self.config.compact_on_prune
     }
 
+    pub fn get_era_import_pointer(&self) -> Result<Option<u64>, Error> {
+        let Some(bytes) = self
+            .hot_db
+            .get_bytes(DBColumn::BeaconMeta, era_import_pointer_key())?
+        else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        let bytes: [u8; 8] = bytes
+            .as_slice()
+            .try_into()
+            .map_err(|_| Error::InvalidBytes)?;
+        Ok(Some(u64::from_be_bytes(bytes)))
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_era_import_pointer(&self, era_number: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.hot_db.put_bytes(
+            DBColumn::BeaconMeta,
+            era_import_pointer_key(),
+            &era_number.to_be_bytes(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn era_reconstruction_done(&self, era_number: u64) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+        self.hot_db
+            .key_exists(DBColumn::BeaconMeta, &era_reconstruction_key(era_number))
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_era_reconstruction_done(&self, era_number: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.hot_db.put_bytes(
+            DBColumn::BeaconMeta,
+            &era_reconstruction_key(era_number),
+            &[1u8],
+        )
+    }
+
     /// Load the timestamp of the last compaction as a `Duration` since the UNIX epoch.
     pub fn load_compaction_timestamp(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>, Error> {
         Ok(self
diff --git a/beacon_node/store/src/reconstruct.rs b/beacon_node/store/src/reconstruct.rs
index 7aca692ef9b..5f20dcb161c 100644
--- a/beacon_node/store/src/reconstruct.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/store/src/reconstruct.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 //! Implementation of historic state reconstruction (given complete block history).
+use crate::forwards_iter::FrozenForwardsIterator;
 use crate::hot_cold_store::{HotColdDB, HotColdDBError};
-use crate::metrics;
+use crate::{DBColumn, KeyValueStoreOp, metrics};
 use crate::{Error, ItemStore};
-use itertools::{Itertools, process_results};
+use itertools::process_results;
 use state_processing::{
     BlockSignatureStrategy, ConsensusContext, VerifyBlockRoot, per_block_processing,
     per_slot_processing,
 };
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use tracing::{debug, info};
-use types::EthSpec;
+use types::{EthSpec, Slot};
 
 impl<E, Hot, Cold> HotColdDB<E, Hot, Cold>
 where
@@ -53,40 +54,103 @@ where
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        // If `num_blocks` is not specified iterate all blocks. Add 1 so that we end on an epoch
-        // boundary when `num_blocks` is a multiple of an epoch boundary. We want to be *inclusive*
-        // of the state at slot `lower_limit_slot + num_blocks`.
-        let block_root_iter = self
-            .forwards_block_roots_iterator_until(lower_limit_slot, upper_limit_slot - 1, || {
-                Err(Error::StateShouldNotBeRequired(upper_limit_slot - 1))
-            })?
-            .take(num_blocks.map_or(usize::MAX, |n| n + 1));
+        let from_slot = lower_limit_slot;
+        let to_slot = if let Some(num_blocks) = num_blocks {
+            std::cmp::min(upper_limit_slot, from_slot + Slot::new(num_blocks as u64))
+        } else {
+            upper_limit_slot
+        };
+
+        self.reconstruct_historic_states_on_range(from_slot, from_slot, to_slot)?;
+
+        let remaining = upper_limit_slot
+            .as_u64()
+            .saturating_sub(1)
+            .saturating_sub(to_slot.as_u64());
+        info!(
+            slot = %to_slot,
+            remaining = %remaining,
+            "State reconstruction in progress"
+        );
+
+        // Update anchor.
+        let old_anchor = anchor.clone();
+
+        let reconstruction_complete = to_slot == upper_limit_slot;
+        if reconstruction_complete {
+            let new_anchor = old_anchor.as_archive_anchor();
+            self.compare_and_set_anchor_info_with_write(old_anchor, new_anchor)?;
+
+            return Ok(());
+        } else {
+            // The lower limit has been raised, store it.
+            anchor.state_lower_limit = to_slot;
+
+            self.compare_and_set_anchor_info_with_write(old_anchor, anchor.clone())?;
+        }
+
+        // Check that the split point wasn't mutated during the state reconstruction process.
+        // It shouldn't have been, due to the serialization of requests through the store migrator,
+        // so this is just a paranoid check.
+        let latest_split = self.get_split_info();
+        if split != latest_split {
+            return Err(Error::SplitPointModified(latest_split.slot, split.slot));
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn reconstruct_historic_states_on_range(
+        self: &Arc<Self>,
+        with_state_at_slot: Slot,
+        from_slot: Slot,
+        to_slot: Slot,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        debug!(
+            %from_slot,
+            %to_slot,
+            "Starting state reconstruction batch"
+        );
+
+        let _t = metrics::start_timer(&metrics::STORE_BEACON_RECONSTRUCTION_TIME);
+
+        let block_root_iter =
+            FrozenForwardsIterator::new(self, DBColumn::BeaconBlockRoots, from_slot, to_slot)?;
 
         // The state to be advanced.
-        let mut state = self.load_cold_state_by_slot(lower_limit_slot)?;
+        let mut state = self.load_cold_state_by_slot(with_state_at_slot)?;
 
         state.build_caches(&self.spec)?;
 
         process_results(block_root_iter, |iter| -> Result<(), Error> {
             let mut io_batch = vec![];
-
             let mut prev_state_root = None;
 
-            for ((prev_block_root, _), (block_root, slot)) in iter.tuple_windows() {
-                let is_skipped_slot = prev_block_root == block_root;
-
-                let block = if is_skipped_slot {
-                    None
-                } else {
-                    Some(
-                        self.get_blinded_block(&block_root)?
-                            .ok_or(Error::BlockNotFound(block_root))?,
-                    )
+            for (block_root, slot) in iter {
+                io_batch.push(KeyValueStoreOp::PutKeyValue(
+                    DBColumn::BeaconBlockRoots,
+                    slot.as_u64().to_be_bytes().to_vec(),
+                    block_root.as_slice().to_vec(),
+                ));
+
+                let block = {
+                    let block = self
+                        .get_blinded_block(&block_root)?
+                        .ok_or(Error::BlockNotFound(block_root))?;
+                    if block.slot() == slot && block.slot() > self.spec.genesis_slot {
+                        // If block.slot != slot means it's a skipped slot.
+                        // Also skip applying the genesis slot.
+                        Some(block)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
                 };
 
                 // Advance state to slot.
-                per_slot_processing(&mut state, prev_state_root.take(), &self.spec)
-                    .map_err(HotColdDBError::BlockReplaySlotError)?;
+                while state.slot() < slot {
+                    per_slot_processing(&mut state, prev_state_root.take(), &self.spec)
+                        .map_err(HotColdDBError::BlockReplaySlotError)?;
+                }
 
                 // Apply block.
                 if let Some(block) = block {
@@ -102,7 +166,7 @@ where
                         &mut ctxt,
                         &self.spec,
                     )
-                    .map_err(HotColdDBError::BlockReplayBlockError)?;
+                    .map_err(|e| HotColdDBError::BlockReplayBlockError(block.slot(), e))?;
 
                     prev_state_root = Some(block.state_root());
                 }
@@ -114,58 +178,21 @@ where
                 // Stage state for storage in freezer DB.
                 self.store_cold_state(&state_root, &state, &mut io_batch)?;
 
-                let batch_complete =
-                    num_blocks.is_some_and(|n_blocks| slot == lower_limit_slot + n_blocks as u64);
-                let reconstruction_complete = slot + 1 == upper_limit_slot;
+                let batch_complete = slot + 1 == to_slot;
 
                 // Commit the I/O batch if:
                 //
                 // - The diff/snapshot for this slot is required for future slots, or
                 // - The reconstruction batch is complete (we are about to return), or
                 // - Reconstruction is complete.
-                if self.hierarchy.should_commit_immediately(slot)?
-                    || batch_complete
-                    || reconstruction_complete
-                {
-                    info!(
-                        %slot,
-                        remaining = %(upper_limit_slot - 1 - slot),
-                        "State reconstruction in progress"
-                    );
-
+                if self.hierarchy.should_commit_immediately(slot)? || batch_complete {
                     self.cold_db.do_atomically(std::mem::take(&mut io_batch))?;
 
-                    // Update anchor.
-                    let old_anchor = anchor.clone();
-
-                    if reconstruction_complete {
-                        // The two limits have met in the middle! We're done!
-                        // Perform one last integrity check on the state reached.
-                        let computed_state_root = state.update_tree_hash_cache()?;
-                        if computed_state_root != state_root {
-                            return Err(Error::StateReconstructionRootMismatch {
-                                slot,
-                                expected: state_root,
-                                computed: computed_state_root,
-                            });
-                        }
-
-                        let new_anchor = old_anchor.as_archive_anchor();
-                        self.compare_and_set_anchor_info_with_write(old_anchor, new_anchor)?;
-
-                        return Ok(());
-                    } else {
-                        // The lower limit has been raised, store it.
-                        anchor.state_lower_limit = slot;
-
-                        self.compare_and_set_anchor_info_with_write(old_anchor, anchor.clone())?;
-                    }
-
                     // If this is the end of the batch, return Ok. The caller will run another
                     // batch when there is idle capacity.
                     if batch_complete {
                         debug!(
-                            start_slot = %lower_limit_slot,
+                            start_slot = %from_slot,
                             end_slot = %slot,
                             "Finished state reconstruction batch"
                         );
@@ -179,14 +206,6 @@ where
             Err(Error::StateReconstructionLogicError)
         })??;
 
-        // Check that the split point wasn't mutated during the state reconstruction process.
-        // It shouldn't have been, due to the serialization of requests through the store migrator,
-        // so this is just a paranoid check.
-        let latest_split = self.get_split_info();
-        if split != latest_split {
-            return Err(Error::SplitPointModified(latest_split.slot, split.slot));
-        }
-
         Ok(())
     }
 }
diff --git a/book/src/help_bn.md b/book/src/help_bn.md
index d3aa27c8a77..03e6747d97c 100644
--- a/book/src/help_bn.md
+++ b/book/src/help_bn.md
@@ -496,6 +496,8 @@ Flags:
       --enable-private-discovery
           Lighthouse by default does not discover private IP addresses. Set this
           flag to enable connection attempts to local addresses.
+      --era-files-dir <DIR>
+          Directory containing `.era` files to use for backfill.
       --genesis-backfill
           Attempts to download blocks all the way back to genesis when
           checkpoint syncing.
diff --git a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing.rs b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing.rs
index 1de5083f6f3..4ec2249ce48 100644
--- a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing.rs
+++ b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing.rs
@@ -221,7 +221,10 @@ pub fn process_block_header<E: EthSpec>(
     // Verify that the slots match
     verify!(
         block_header.slot == state.slot(),
-        HeaderInvalid::StateSlotMismatch
+        HeaderInvalid::StateSlotMismatch {
+            state: state.slot(),
+            header: block_header.slot,
+        }
     );
 
     // Verify that the block is newer than the latest block header
diff --git a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/errors.rs b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/errors.rs
index 5c1db9d732e..124cef1c665 100644
--- a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/errors.rs
+++ b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/errors.rs
@@ -277,7 +277,10 @@ impl<T> From<ContextError> for BlockOperationError<T> {
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub enum HeaderInvalid {
     ProposalSignatureInvalid,
-    StateSlotMismatch,
+    StateSlotMismatch {
+        state: Slot,
+        header: Slot,
+    },
     OlderThanLatestBlockHeader {
         latest_block_header_slot: Slot,
         block_slot: Slot,
diff --git a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/tests.rs b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/tests.rs
index 739717b33ff..c07c464f9e0 100644
--- a/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/tests.rs
+++ b/consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/tests.rs
@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ async fn invalid_block_header_state_slot() {
         &spec,
     );
 
-    assert_eq!(
+    assert!(matches!(
         result,
         Err(BlockProcessingError::HeaderInvalid {
-            reason: HeaderInvalid::StateSlotMismatch
+            reason: HeaderInvalid::StateSlotMismatch { .. }
         })
-    );
+    ));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
diff --git a/consensus/types/src/core/chain_spec.rs b/consensus/types/src/core/chain_spec.rs
index 6d25e3baf40..2e734cbfdde 100644
--- a/consensus/types/src/core/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/consensus/types/src/core/chain_spec.rs
@@ -1733,7 +1733,7 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for BlobSchedule {
 impl BlobSchedule {
     pub fn new(mut vec: Vec<BlobParameters>) -> Self {
         // reverse sort by epoch
-        vec.sort_by(|a, b| b.epoch.cmp(&a.epoch));
+        vec.sort_by_key(|b| std::cmp::Reverse(b.epoch));
         Self {
             schedule: vec,
             skip_serializing: false,
diff --git a/consensus/types/src/state/historical_summary.rs b/consensus/types/src/state/historical_summary.rs
index f520e464837..eca28b88fb0 100644
--- a/consensus/types/src/state/historical_summary.rs
+++ b/consensus/types/src/state/historical_summary.rs
@@ -47,4 +47,8 @@ impl HistoricalSummary {
             state_summary_root: state.state_roots().tree_hash_root(),
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn block_summary_root(&self) -> Hash256 {
+        self.block_summary_root
+    }
 }