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‎reference/operators/logical-query/$and.md‎

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---
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title: $and
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description: The $and operator joins multiple query clauses and returns documents that match all specified conditions.
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type: operators
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category: logical-query
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---
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# $and
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The `$and` operator performs a logical AND operation on an array of expressions and retrieves documents that satisfy all the expressions.
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## Syntax
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```javascript
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{
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$and: [{
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< expression1 >
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}, {
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< expression2 >
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}, ..., {
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< expressionN >
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}]
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}
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```
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## Parameters
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| Parameter | Description |
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|-----------|-------------|
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| `expression` | An array of expressions that must all be true for a document to be included in the results |
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## Examples
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Consider this sample document from the stores collection.
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```json
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{
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"_id": "0fcc0bf0-ed18-4ab8-b558-9848e18058f4",
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"name": "First Up Consultants | Beverage Shop - Satterfieldmouth",
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"location": {
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"lat": -89.2384,
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"lon": -46.4012
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},
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"staff": {
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"totalStaff": {
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"fullTime": 8,
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"partTime": 20
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}
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},
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"sales": {
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"totalSales": 75670,
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"salesByCategory": [
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{
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"categoryName": "Wine Accessories",
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"totalSales": 34440
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Bitters",
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"totalSales": 39496
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Rum",
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"totalSales": 1734
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}
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]
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},
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"promotionEvents": [
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{
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"eventName": "Unbeatable Bargain Bash",
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"promotionalDates": {
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"startDate": {
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"Year": 2024,
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"Month": 6,
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"Day": 23
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},
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"endDate": {
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"Year": 2024,
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"Month": 7,
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"Day": 2
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}
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},
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"discounts": [
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{
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"categoryName": "Whiskey",
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"discountPercentage": 7
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Bitters",
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"discountPercentage": 15
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Brandy",
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"discountPercentage": 8
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Sports Drinks",
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"discountPercentage": 22
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Vodka",
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"discountPercentage": 19
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"eventName": "Steal of a Deal Days",
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"promotionalDates": {
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"startDate": {
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"Year": 2024,
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"Month": 9,
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"Day": 21
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},
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"endDate": {
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"Year": 2024,
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"Month": 9,
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"Day": 29
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}
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},
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"discounts": [
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{
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"categoryName": "Organic Wine",
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"discountPercentage": 19
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "White Wine",
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"discountPercentage": 20
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Sparkling Wine",
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"discountPercentage": 19
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Whiskey",
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"discountPercentage": 17
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},
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{
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"categoryName": "Vodka",
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"discountPercentage": 23
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}
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]
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}
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]
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}
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```
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### Example 1: Use AND operator as logical-query
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This query filters for stores where the number of full-time employees is greater than 10 and part-time employees is less than 15 using the `$and` operator. It projects only the `name` and `staff` fields and limits the result to three records.
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```javascript
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db.stores.find({
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$and: [{
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"staff.employeeCount.fullTime": {
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$gt: 10
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}
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}, {
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"staff.employeeCount.partTime": {
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$lt: 15
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}
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}]
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}, {
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"name": 1,
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"staff": 1
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}).limit(3)
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```
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The first three results returned by this query are:
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```json
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[
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{
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"_id": "e60c807b-d31c-4903-befb-5d608f260ba3",
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"name": "Wide World Importers | Appliance Emporium - Craigfort",
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"staff": {
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"totalStaff": {
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"fullTime": 11,
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"partTime": 8
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"_id": "70032165-fded-47b4-84a3-8d9c18a4d1e7",
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"name": "Northwind Traders | Picture Frame Bazaar - Lake Joesph",
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"staff": {
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"totalStaff": {
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"fullTime": 14,
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"partTime": 0
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"_id": "dda2a7d2-6984-40cc-bbea-4cbfbc06d8a3",
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"name": "Contoso, Ltd. | Home Improvement Closet - Jaskolskiview",
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"staff": {
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"totalStaff": {
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"fullTime": 16,
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"partTime": 8
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}
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}
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}
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]
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```
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### Example 2: Use AND operator as boolean-expression to find stores with high sales and sufficient staff
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This query finds stores that have both total sales greater than 100,000 and more than 30 total staff members.
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```javascript
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db.stores.aggregate([
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{
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$project: {
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name: 1,
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totalSales: "$sales.totalSales",
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totalStaff: {
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$add: ["$staff.employeeCount.fullTime", "$staff.employeeCount.partTime"]
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},
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meetsHighPerformanceCriteria: {
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$and: [
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{ $gt: ["$sales.totalSales", 100000] },
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{ $gt: [{ $add: ["$staff.employeeCount.fullTime", "$staff.employeeCount.partTime"] }, 30] }
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]
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}
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}
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},
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{ $limit: 2 }
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])
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```
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The first two results returned by this query are:
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```json
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[
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{
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"_id": "905d1939-e03a-413e-a9c4-221f74055aac",
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"name": "Trey Research | Home Office Depot - Lake Freeda",
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"totalStaff": 31,
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"meetsHighPerformanceCriteria": false
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},
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{
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"_id": "a715ab0f-4c6e-4e9d-a812-f2fab11ce0b6",
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"name": "Lakeshore Retail | Holiday Supply Hub - Marvinfort",
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"totalStaff": 27,
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"meetsHighPerformanceCriteria": false
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}
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]
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```

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