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id metadata-migration
title Metadata Migration

If you have been running an evaluation Druid cluster using the built-in Derby metadata storage and wish to migrate to a more production-capable metadata store such as MySQL or PostgreSQL, this document describes the necessary steps.

Shut down cluster services

To ensure a clean migration, shut down the non-coordinator services to ensure that metadata state will not change as you do the migration.

When migrating from Derby, the coordinator processes will still need to be up initially, as they host the Derby database.

Exporting metadata

Druid provides an Export Metadata Tool for exporting metadata from Derby into CSV files which can then be imported into your new metadata store.

The tool also provides options for rewriting the deep storage locations of segments; this is useful for deep storage migration.

Run the export-metadata tool on your existing cluster, and save the CSV files it generates. After a successful export, you can shut down the coordinator.

Initializing the new metadata store

Create database

Before importing the existing cluster metadata, you will need to set up the new metadata store.

The MySQL extension and PostgreSQL extension docs have instructions for initial database setup.

Update configuration

Update your Druid runtime properties with the new metadata configuration.

Create Druid tables

If you have set druid.metadata.storage.connector.createTables to true (which is the default), and your metadata connect user has DDL privileges, you can disregard this section as Druid will create metadata tables automatically on start up.

Druid provides a metadata-init tool for creating Druid's metadata tables. After initializing the Druid database, you can run the commands shown below from the root of the Druid package to initialize the tables.

In the example commands below:

  • lib is the Druid lib directory
  • extensions is the Druid extensions directory
  • base corresponds to the value of druid.metadata.storage.tables.base in the configuration, druid by default.
  • The --connectURI parameter corresponds to the value of druid.metadata.storage.connector.connectURI.
  • The --user parameter corresponds to the value of druid.metadata.storage.connector.user.
  • The --password parameter corresponds to the value of druid.metadata.storage.connector.password.

MySQL

cd ${DRUID_ROOT}
java -classpath "lib/*" -Dlog4j.configurationFile=conf/druid/cluster/_common/log4j2.xml -Ddruid.extensions.directory="extensions" -Ddruid.extensions.loadList="[\"mysql-metadata-storage\"]" -Ddruid.metadata.storage.type=mysql -Ddruid.node.type=metadata-init org.apache.druid.cli.Main tools metadata-init --connectURI="<mysql-uri>" --user <user> --password <pass> --base druid

PostgreSQL

cd ${DRUID_ROOT}
java -classpath "lib/*" -Dlog4j.configurationFile=conf/druid/cluster/_common/log4j2.xml -Ddruid.extensions.directory="extensions" -Ddruid.extensions.loadList="[\"postgresql-metadata-storage\"]" -Ddruid.metadata.storage.type=postgresql -Ddruid.node.type=metadata-init org.apache.druid.cli.Main tools metadata-init --connectURI="<postgresql-uri>" --user <user> --password <pass> --base druid

Update Druid tables to latest compatible schema

The same command as above can be used to update Druid metadata tables to the latest version. If any table already exists, it is not created again but any ALTER statements that may be required are still executed.

Import metadata

After initializing the tables, please refer to the import commands for your target database.

Restart cluster

After importing the metadata successfully, you can now restart your cluster.