diff --git a/R/add_resource.R b/R/add_resource.R
index bd98d29..8d9e1e6 100644
--- a/R/add_resource.R
+++ b/R/add_resource.R
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 #' @param schema Either a list, or path or URL to a JSON file describing a Table
 #'   Schema for the `data`.
 #'   If not provided, one will be created using [create_schema()].
-#' @param replace If `TRUE`, the added resource will replace an existing
-#'   resource with the same name.
+#' @param replace If `TRUE`, allows an existing resource of the same name to be
+#'   replaced.
 #' @param delim Delimiter for the CSV file(s) referenced in `data` (e.g. `\t`
 #'   for a tab-separated file).
 #'   Will be set as `delimiter` in the resource Table Dialect, so read functions
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 #'
 #' # Replace the resource "observations" with a file-based resource (2 TSV files)
 #' path_1 <-
-#' system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_1.tsv", package = "frictionless")
+#'   system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_1.tsv", package = "frictionless")
 #' path_2 <-
-#' system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_2.tsv", package = "frictionless")
+#'   system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_2.tsv", package = "frictionless")
 #' package <- add_resource(
 #'   package,
 #'   resource_name = "observations",
@@ -211,12 +211,14 @@ add_resource <- function(package, resource_name, data, schema = NULL,
     attr(resource, "path") <- "added"
   }
 
-  # Add or replace resource (needs to be wrapped in its own list)
-  if (replace) {
-    index <- which(purrr::map(package$resources, "name") == resource_name)
-    package$resources[index] <- list(resource)
-  } else {
+  # Add or replace resource
+  index <- which(resource_names(package) == resource_name)
+  if (length(index) == 0) {
+    # Add resource if it does not exist (also for replace = TRUE)
     package$resources <- append(package$resources, list(resource))
+  } else {
+    # Replace existing resource (not done for replace = FALSE, see higher)
+    package$resources[[index]] <- resource
   }
 
   return(package)
diff --git a/man/add_resource.Rd b/man/add_resource.Rd
index cc6d7f4..6e9fd35 100644
--- a/man/add_resource.Rd
+++ b/man/add_resource.Rd
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ and properties.
 Schema for the \code{data}.
 If not provided, one will be created using \code{\link[=create_schema]{create_schema()}}.}
 
-\item{replace}{If \code{TRUE}, the added resource will replace an existing
-resource with the same name.}
+\item{replace}{If \code{TRUE}, allows an existing resource of the same name to be
+replaced.}
 
 \item{delim}{Delimiter for the CSV file(s) referenced in \code{data} (e.g. \verb{\\t}
 for a tab-separated file).
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ package <- add_resource(
 
 # Replace the resource "observations" with a file-based resource (2 TSV files)
 path_1 <-
-system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_1.tsv", package = "frictionless")
+  system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_1.tsv", package = "frictionless")
 path_2 <-
-system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_2.tsv", package = "frictionless")
+  system.file("extdata", "v1", "observations_2.tsv", package = "frictionless")
 package <- add_resource(
   package,
   resource_name = "observations",
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-add_resource.R b/tests/testthat/test-add_resource.R
index 53158ae..fcc8244 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-add_resource.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-add_resource.R
@@ -276,6 +276,16 @@ test_that("add_resource() can replace an existing resource", {
   expect_equal(resource_names(p), resource_names(p_replaced))
 })
 
+test_that("add_resource() can add a new resource even with replace = TRUE", {
+  p <- example_package()
+  df <- data.frame("col_1" = c(1, 2), "col_2" = c("a", "b"))
+  expect_no_error(
+    add_resource(p, "new_resource", df, replace = TRUE)
+  )
+  p_replaced <- add_resource(p, "new_resource", df, replace = TRUE)
+  expect_equal(c(resource_names(p), "new_resource"), resource_names(p_replaced))
+})
+
 test_that("add_resource() uses provided schema (list or path) or creates one", {
   p <- create_package()
   df <- data.frame("col_1" = c(1, 2), "col_2" = c("a", "b"))