operators.py

# ── OPERATORS IN PYTHON ───────────────────
# Operators are symbols that perform 
# operations on variables and values

# ── 1. ARITHMETIC OPERATORS ───────────────
a = 10
b = 3

print(a + b)   # 13  → addition
print(a - b)   # 7   → subtraction
print(a * b)   # 30  → multiplication
print(a / b)   # 3.3333 → division (always float)
print(a // b)  # 3   → floor division (removes decimal)
print(a % b)   # 1   → modulus (remainder)
print(a ** b)  # 1000 → power (10³)

#after run you can see this on output panel or type python + file name in your terminal and you will see the number output. 

# ── 2. COMPARISON OPERATORS ───────────────
# These compare two values
# Result is always True or False (Boolean!)

a = 10
b = 3

print(a == b)   # False → equal to
print(a != b)   # True  → not equal to
print(a > b)    # True  → greater than
print(a < b)    # False → less than
print(a >= b)   # True  → greater or equal
print(a <= b)   # False → less or equal

# Every comparison returns True or False!
is_greater = a > b
print(is_greater)  # True

is_equal = a == b
print(is_equal)    # False

# ── 3. LOGICAL OPERATORS ──────────────────
# AND, OR, NOT — same as Discrete Math! 

print(True and True)   # True
print(True and False)  # False
print(True or False)   # True
print(not True)        # False

# Real example:
age = 18
has_id = True

print(age >= 18 and has_id)  # True → can enter!
print(age >= 18 or has_id)   # True
print(not has_id)             # False

# ── 3. LOGICAL OPERATORS ──────────────────
# AND → both must be True
# OR  → at least one must be True  
# NOT → flips True to False or vice versa

print(True and True)   # True
print(True and False)  # False
print(False and False) # False

print(True or False)   # True
print(False or False)  # False

print(not True)        # False
print(not False)       # True

# ── REAL LIFE EXAMPLE ─────────────────────
age = 20
has_id = True
is_student = False

# AND → both conditions must be true
print(age >= 18 and has_id)     # True
print(age >= 18 and is_student) # False

# OR → at least one true
print(age >= 18 or is_student)  # True

# NOT → reverse it
print(not is_student)           # True

# ── 4. ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS ───────────────
# shortcuts for updating variable values

score = 100
print(score)        # 100

score += 10         # same as score = score + 10
print(score)        # 110

score -= 20         # same as score = score - 20
print(score)        # 90

score *= 2          # same as score = score * 2
print(score)        # 180
#this *= 2 is used for squared 9's square is 18, how it work..


score //= 3         # same as score = score // 3
print(score)        # 60

score **= 2         # same as score = score ** 2
print(score)        # 3600

score %= 100        # same as score = score % 100
print(score)        # 0