diff --git a/change/@fluentui-contrib-react-virtualizer-18336692-38bc-47a7-9dfb-0d0a2517f00f.json b/change/@fluentui-contrib-react-virtualizer-18336692-38bc-47a7-9dfb-0d0a2517f00f.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df1e16e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/change/@fluentui-contrib-react-virtualizer-18336692-38bc-47a7-9dfb-0d0a2517f00f.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "type": "patch",
+  "comment": "fix: prevent RangeError: Invalid array length when numItems decreases while scrolled near the bottom",
+  "packageName": "@fluentui-contrib/react-virtualizer",
+  "email": "dmytrokirpa@microsoft.com",
+  "dependentChangeType": "patch"
+}
diff --git a/packages/react-virtualizer/src/components/Virtualizer/useVirtualizer.ts b/packages/react-virtualizer/src/components/Virtualizer/useVirtualizer.ts
index 5d69dc53..82f85a94 100644
--- a/packages/react-virtualizer/src/components/Virtualizer/useVirtualizer.ts
+++ b/packages/react-virtualizer/src/components/Virtualizer/useVirtualizer.ts
@@ -163,7 +163,10 @@ export function useVirtualizer_unstable(
         return [];
       }
       const newIndex = Math.max(_newIndex, 0);
-      const arrayLength = Math.min(virtualizerLength, numItems - newIndex);
+      const arrayLength = Math.min(
+        virtualizerLength,
+        Math.max(0, numItems - newIndex)
+      );
 
       // Always create fresh React elements to prevent key reconciliation issues
       // when items order changes or when re-rendering is needed.
@@ -319,7 +322,7 @@ export function useVirtualizer_unstable(
   }, [itemSize, numItems, gap]);
 
   const calculateBefore = React.useCallback(() => {
-    const currentIndex = Math.min(actualIndex, numItems - 1);
+    const currentIndex = Math.max(0, Math.min(actualIndex, numItems - 1));
     if (!getItemSize) {
       // The missing items from before virtualization starts height
       return currentIndex * (itemSize + gap);
diff --git a/packages/react-virtualizer/src/testing/useVirtualizer.test.ts b/packages/react-virtualizer/src/testing/useVirtualizer.test.ts
index a45eae73..06b696b2 100644
--- a/packages/react-virtualizer/src/testing/useVirtualizer.test.ts
+++ b/packages/react-virtualizer/src/testing/useVirtualizer.test.ts
@@ -170,6 +170,43 @@ describe('useVirtualizer', () => {
     expect(rowFunc).toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  it('should not crash with RangeError when numItems decreases while scrolled near the bottom', () => {
+    // Regression test for https://github.com/microsoft/fluentui-contrib/issues/607
+    // When filtering reduces numItems while actualIndex > new numItems,
+    // renderChildRows computed a negative arrayLength causing "RangeError: Invalid array length"
+    const virtualizerLength = 50;
+    const containerSizeRef = { current: 300 };
+
+    const rowFunc = (index: number) => index;
+
+    // Simulate the user being scrolled near the bottom of a 100-item list (index 90)
+    const scrolledIndex = 90;
+    const mockContext = {
+      contextIndex: scrolledIndex,
+      setContextIndex: jest.fn(),
+    };
+
+    const { rerender, result } = renderHook(
+      ({ numItems }: { numItems: number }) =>
+        useVirtualizer_unstable({
+          numItems,
+          virtualizerLength,
+          itemSize: 100,
+          children: rowFunc,
+          containerSizeRef,
+          virtualizerContext: mockContext,
+        }),
+      { initialProps: { numItems: 100 } }
+    );
+
+    // Filter reduces the list from 100 → 10 items while actualIndex is still 90.
+    // Without the fix this throws: "RangeError: Invalid array length"
+    expect(() => rerender({ numItems: 10 })).not.toThrow();
+
+    // virtualizedChildren must be a valid (non-negative length) array
+    expect(result.current.virtualizedChildren.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+  });
+
   it('should handle rapid re-renders without key conflicts', () => {
     const virtualizerLength = 8;
     const actualLength = 100;