Use static code analysis to ensure database portability

[DerDreschner]

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Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
When developing for Nextcloud, there are several limitations for database queries to ensure portability against several database backends. Keeping all those limitations in mind is pretty challaging and even our own full-time developers fail to do so sometimes. Since those limitations raise on runtime only, we should think about ways to ensure portability before merging any code.

Describe the solution you'd like
I like some kind of rector rule-set to check against all code and check for violations. A good starting point for "what limitations to check for" are the comments in the several exceptions we have there: https://github.com/nextcloud/server/tree/3d9c47f5788b5138773122c02b94140faba334b5/lib/private/DB/QueryBuilder

Describe alternatives you've considered
I've checked if there are any rule-sets we could simply apply (like officially supported by doctrine). But I didn't found one.