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RedBlackTree.cpp
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1026 lines (930 loc) · 23.5 KB
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//HW6 by Wanxiang Xie
//SU Net ID: wxie15 SUID: 408358088
//CSE674 HW6 Due: 11:59PM, Nov. 26 (Tuesday)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class node {
public:
node* p_parent;
node* p_Lchild;
node* p_Rchild;
int value;
bool color; //true: red, false: black
node() { p_parent = p_Lchild = p_Rchild = nullptr; }
node(int i) { value = i; p_parent = p_Lchild = p_Rchild = nullptr; }
};
class tree {
public:
node* root;
tree() { root = nullptr; }
//For insert, the new node should be the last of nodes with the same value in the order of
//inorder traversal. (The same as HW5.)
void insert_node(int i);
void insert_R_rotate(node* p);//For insert_node, R-rotate at node pointed by p
void insert_L_rotate(node* p);//for insert_node, L-rotate at node pointed by p
//All other siutions of insert_node should be directly implemented inside add_node
//For delete, the deleted node shoud be the first of nodes with the same value in the order of
//inorder traversal. (The same as HW5).
//For replacement, always recursively replace it with predecessor, unless there is no predecessor. (In this
//case, replace it with sucessor.)
void delete_node(int i);
void delete_1(node* p); //case 1 of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
void delete_1_R_rotate(node* p);//R_totate used in case 1 of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
void delete_1_L_rotate(node* p);//L_totate used in case 1 of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
void delete_2A(node* p); //case 2A of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
void delete_2B(node* p);//case 2B of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
void delete_3(node* p);
void Print_tree(int stage);
//case 3 of delete_node; p points to the parent of double black node
//All other cases of delete_node should be directly implemented inside the delete_node.
//For the following, during traveral, print (value, color) of each node.
void InorderPrint(node* p);
void PostorderPrint(node* p);
void PreorderPrint(node* p);
};
void tree::InorderPrint(node* p)
{
if (p == nullptr) return;
InorderPrint(p->p_Lchild);
cout << "(" << p->value << "," << p->color << ")" << " ";
InorderPrint(p->p_Rchild);
if (p == root) {
cout << endl;
}
}
void tree::PostorderPrint(node* p)
{
if (p == nullptr) return;
PostorderPrint(p->p_Lchild);
PostorderPrint(p->p_Rchild);
cout << "(" << p->value << "," << p->color << ")" << " ";
}
void tree::PreorderPrint(node* p)
{
if (p == nullptr) return;
cout << "(" << p->value << "," << p->color << ")" << " ";
PreorderPrint(p->p_Lchild);
PreorderPrint(p->p_Rchild);
}
void tree::insert_node(int i)
{
if (root == nullptr)
{
root = new node(i);
//root->color = true;
}
else
{
node* p = root;
node* p0 = p;
while (p != nullptr) {
p0 = p;
if (i < p->value) {
p = p->p_Lchild;
}
else {
p = p->p_Rchild;
}
}
//1 add red node
if (i < p0->value) { //add lchild
p0->p_Lchild = new node(i);
p = p0->p_Lchild;
p->p_parent = p0;
p->color = true;
}
else //add rchild
{
p0->p_Rchild = new node(i);
p = p0->p_Rchild;
p->p_parent = p0;
p->color = true;
}
////////////////////
while (p->p_parent != nullptr) {
// 2 if p is root, change it to black
if (p == root)
p->color = false;
///3 if parent is red
if (p->p_parent->color == true) {
if (p->p_parent->p_parent) { // g node is existed
node* grandpa = p->p_parent->p_parent;
node* parent = p->p_parent;
node* uncle;
if (parent->value < grandpa->value) {
uncle = grandpa->p_Rchild;
}
else
{
uncle = grandpa->p_Lchild;
}
auto u_color = [uncle]() {
if (uncle == nullptr)
return false;
else
return uncle->color;
};
if (u_color() == false) { //3.1 uncle node is black
if (parent->value < grandpa->value)
{
if (p->value < parent->value) { //LL
insert_R_rotate(grandpa);
grandpa->color = true;
parent->color = false;
return;
}
else //LR
{
insert_L_rotate(parent);
parent = p;
insert_R_rotate(grandpa);
grandpa->color = true;
parent->color = false;
return;
}
}
else
{
if (p->value < parent->value) { //RL
insert_R_rotate(parent);
parent = p;
insert_L_rotate(grandpa);
//cout << "g:" << grandpa->value << " p:" << parent->value << " x:"<< p->value<<endl;
grandpa->color = true;
parent->color = false;
return;
}
else //RR
{
insert_L_rotate(grandpa);
grandpa->color = true;
parent->color = false;
return;
}
}
}
else //3.2 uncle node is red
{
//cout << "g:" << grandpa->value << " p:" << parent->value << " x:" << p->value << " u:" << uncle->value << endl;
uncle->color = false;
parent->color = false;
grandpa->color = true;
if (grandpa == root) {
grandpa->color = false;
return;
}
else //treat g as x
{
p = grandpa;
}
}
}
else { return; }
}
else { return; } // parent is black
}
}
}
void tree::insert_R_rotate(node* p)
{
node* p1 = p->p_Lchild;
p->p_Lchild = p1->p_Rchild;
if (p->p_Lchild != nullptr)
p->p_Lchild->p_parent = p;
if (p->p_parent != nullptr) {
p1->p_parent = p->p_parent;
if (p1->value < p1->p_parent->value) {
p1->p_parent->p_Lchild = p1;
}
else {
p1->p_parent->p_Rchild = p1;
}
}
else {
p1->p_parent = nullptr;
root = p1;
}
p1->p_Rchild = p;
p->p_parent = p1;
}
void tree::insert_L_rotate(node* p)
{
node* p1 = p->p_Rchild;
p->p_Rchild = p1->p_Lchild;
if (p->p_Rchild != nullptr)
p->p_Rchild->p_parent = p;
if (p->p_parent != nullptr) {
p1->p_parent = p->p_parent;
if (p1->value < p1->p_parent->value) {
p1->p_parent->p_Lchild = p1;
}
else {
p1->p_parent->p_Rchild = p1;
}
}
else {
p1->p_parent = nullptr;
root = p1;
}
p1->p_Lchild = p;
p->p_parent = p1;
}
void tree::delete_node(int i)
{
node* p = root;
while (p)
{
if(i < p->value) {
p = p->p_Lchild;
}
else if (i > p->value) {
p = p->p_Rchild;
}
else { // i == p->value
while (p->p_Lchild) { //delete rchild first if found
if (i == p->p_Lchild->value)
p = p->p_Lchild;
else
break;
}
break;
}
}
if (p == nullptr) return; //not found delete node
else
{
auto case2 = [](node* p) {
if (p->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild == nullptr)
return false;
else if (p->p_Lchild && p->p_Rchild)
return false;
else {
if (p->p_Lchild) {
if (p->p_Lchild->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Lchild->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
if (p->color == p->p_Lchild->color) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
}
else
return false;
}
else {
if (p->p_Rchild->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
if (p->color == p->p_Rchild->color) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
}
else
return false;
}
}
};
auto case3 = [](node* p) {
if (p->color == false) {
if (p->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild == nullptr) return true; // black leaf node
else if (p->p_Lchild && p->p_Rchild) return false;
else //black black
{
if(p->p_Lchild){
if (p->p_Lchild->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Lchild->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
if (p->color == p->p_Lchild->color) {
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
else
return false;
}
else
{
if (p->p_Rchild->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
if (p->color == p->p_Rchild->color) {
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
else
return false;
}
}
}
else return false;
};
if (p->p_Lchild==nullptr && p->p_Rchild==nullptr && p->color == true) // case 1: delete red leaf node
{
//cout << "do delete red leaf node directly" << endl;
node* p0 = p->p_parent;
if (p0->p_Lchild == p) {
delete p;
p0->p_Lchild = nullptr;
}
else { //p0->p_Rchild == p
delete p;
p0->p_Rchild = nullptr;
}
}
else if(case2(p)) //case 2 a singel leaf as child and the two have different colors
{
//cout << "do case2" << endl;
//int replace_value;
if (p->p_Lchild) {
//replace_value = p->p_Lchild->value;
p->value = p->p_Lchild->value;
p->color = false;
delete p->p_Lchild;
p->p_Lchild = nullptr;
}
else
{
//replace_value = p->p_Rchild->value;
p->value = p->p_Rchild->value;
p->color = false;
delete p->p_Rchild;
p->p_Rchild = nullptr;
}
//p->value = replace_value;
}
else if(case3(p)) //case 3
{
//cout << "do case3" << endl;
if (p == root) {
if (p->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild == nullptr) { // it is a leaf node
delete p;
root = nullptr;
return;
}
else
{
if (p->p_Lchild) {
p->value = p->p_Lchild->value;
delete p->p_Lchild;
p->p_Lchild = nullptr;
}
else //p->p_Rchild
{
p->value = p->p_Rchild->value;
delete p->p_Rchild;
p->p_Rchild = nullptr;
}
return;
}
}
else { // p has parent
node* parent = p->p_parent;
bool sibling_color = false;
node* sibling = nullptr;
if (p->p_Lchild == nullptr && p->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
//cout << "delete black leaf node" << endl;
if (parent->p_Lchild == p) {
delete p;
parent->p_Lchild = nullptr;
if (parent->p_Rchild)
sibling = parent->p_Rchild;
//sibling_color = parent->p_Rchild->color;
}
else
{
delete p;
parent->p_Rchild = nullptr;
if (parent->p_Lchild)
sibling = parent->p_Lchild;
//sibling_color = parent->p_Lchild->color;
}
p = parent; //black or red
}
else
{
//cout << "do black black delete" << endl;
if (p->p_Lchild) {
p->value = p->p_Lchild->value;
delete p->p_Lchild;
p->p_Lchild = nullptr;
if (p->p_Rchild)
sibling = parent->p_Rchild;
//sibling_color = p->p_Rchild->color;
}
else
{
p->value = p->p_Rchild->value;
delete p->p_Rchild;
p->p_Rchild = nullptr;
if (p->p_Lchild)
sibling = p->p_Lchild;
//sibling_color = p->p_Lchild->color;
}
}
//////////do violation; p is parent of nil double black
auto color = [](node* p) {
if (p == nullptr)
return false;
else
return p->color;
};
auto delete2 = [color](node* p) {
if (p == nullptr)
return true;
else if (color(p->p_Lchild) == false && color(p->p_Rchild) == false)
return true;
else
return false;
};
while (true) {
if (color(sibling) == false) { //sibling of double black is black
//case1
if (delete2(sibling) == false) {
//cout << "do delete_1 violation:";
if (p->p_Lchild == sibling) {
if (color(sibling->p_Lchild) == true) { //LL pattern
//cout << "LL pattern" << endl;
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
else //LR pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "LR pattern" << endl;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
delete_1_L_rotate(sibling);
sibling->color = true;
sibling = p->p_Lchild;
//do second rotate
//LL pattern
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
}
else
{
if (color(sibling->p_Rchild) == true) { //RR pattern
//cout << "RR pattern" << endl;
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
else //RL pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "RL pattern" << endl;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
delete_1_R_rotate(sibling);
sibling->color = true;
sibling = p->p_Rchild;
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
//do second rotate
//RR pattern
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
}
}
return;
}
else //case2
{
if (color(p) == false) { //2a
//cout << "do delete_2a violation" << endl;
node* doubleblack = p;
delete_2A(p);
p = p->p_parent;
if (p == nullptr) return;
//change sibling
if (p->p_Lchild == doubleblack) sibling = p->p_Rchild;
else sibling = p->p_Lchild;
}
else //2b
{
//cout << "do delete_2b violation" << endl;
delete_2B(p);
return;
}
}
}
else { //case 3
//cout << "do delete_3 violation" << endl;
delete_3(p);
return;
}
}
}
}
else // need to find predecessor or successor
{
//cout << "do replace" << endl;
node* p_replace = p;
if (p_replace->p_Lchild) { // if predecessor is existed
p_replace = p_replace->p_Lchild;
while (p_replace->p_Rchild) {
p_replace = p_replace->p_Rchild;
}
}
else //find successor
{
p_replace = p_replace->p_Rchild;
while (p_replace->p_Lchild) {
p_replace = p_replace->p_Lchild;
}
}
//replace by predecessor or successor
int replace_value = p_replace->value;
delete_node(p_replace->value);//delete predecessor or successor
p->value = replace_value;
}
}
}
void tree::delete_1(node* p)
{
}
void tree::delete_1_L_rotate(node* p)
{
node* p1 = p->p_Rchild;
p->p_Rchild = p1->p_Lchild;
if (p->p_Rchild != nullptr)
p->p_Rchild->p_parent = p;
if (p->p_parent != nullptr) {
p1->p_parent = p->p_parent;
if (p1->value < p1->p_parent->value) {
p1->p_parent->p_Lchild = p1;
}
else {
p1->p_parent->p_Rchild = p1;
}
}
else {
p1->p_parent = nullptr;
root = p1;
}
p1->p_Lchild = p;
p->p_parent = p1;
}
void tree::delete_1_R_rotate(node* p)
{
node* p1 = p->p_Lchild;
p->p_Lchild = p1->p_Rchild;
if (p->p_Lchild != nullptr)
p->p_Lchild->p_parent = p;
if (p->p_parent != nullptr) {
p1->p_parent = p->p_parent;
if (p1->value < p1->p_parent->value) {
p1->p_parent->p_Lchild = p1;
}
else {
p1->p_parent->p_Rchild = p1;
}
}
else {
p1->p_parent = nullptr;
root = p1;
}
p1->p_Rchild = p;
p->p_parent = p1;
}
void tree::delete_2A(node* p)
{
if (p->p_Lchild) {
p->p_Lchild->color = true;
}
else if (p->p_Rchild) {
p->p_Rchild->color = true;
}
//p = p->p_parent; ///!
}
void tree::delete_2B(node* p)
{
p->color = false;
if (p->p_Lchild)
p->p_Lchild->color = true;
else if(p->p_Rchild)
{
p->p_Rchild->color = true;
}
}
void tree::delete_3(node* p)
{
//perform a roate, and let it become condition 1 or condition 2
node* s;
if (p->p_Lchild && p->p_Lchild->color ==true) { // L
s = p->p_Lchild;
if (s->p_Lchild) { //LL pattern
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
p->color = true;
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = s->p_Lchild;
}
else if(s->p_Rchild)//LR pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "LR pattern" << endl;
s->p_Rchild->color = true;
delete_1_L_rotate(s);
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = p->p_Lchild;
//do second rotate
//LL pattern
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
p->color = true;
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = s->p_Lchild;
}
}
else { // R
s = p->p_Rchild;
if (s->p_Rchild) { //RR pattern
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
p->color = true;
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = s->p_Rchild;
}
else if(s->p_Lchild) //RL pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "RL pattern" << endl;
s->p_Lchild->color = true;
delete_1_R_rotate(s);
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = p->p_Rchild;
//do second rotate
//RR pattern
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
p->color = true;
s->color = false;
//update sibling
s = s->p_Rchild;
}
}
//decide it is contition 1 or condition 2
node* sibling = s;
auto color = [](node* p) {
if (p == nullptr)
return false;
else
return p->color;
};
auto delete2 = [color](node* p) {
if (p == nullptr)
return true;
else if (color(p->p_Lchild) == false && color(p->p_Rchild) == false)
return true;
else
return false;
};
while (true) {
if (color(sibling) == false) { //sibling of double black is black
//case1
if (delete2(sibling) == false) {
//cout << "do delete_1 violation:";
if (p->p_Rchild == nullptr) {
if (color(sibling->p_Lchild) == true) { //LL pattern
//cout << "LL pattern" << endl;
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
else //LR pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "LR pattern" << endl;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
delete_1_L_rotate(sibling);
sibling->color = true;
sibling = p->p_Lchild;
//do second rotate
//LL pattern
delete_1_R_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
}
else
{
if (color(sibling->p_Rchild) == true) { //RR pattern
//cout << "RR pattern" << endl;
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
}
else //RL pattern
{
//do first rotate
//cout << "RL pattern" << endl;
sibling->p_Lchild->color = false;
delete_1_R_rotate(sibling);
sibling->color = true;
sibling = p->p_Rchild;
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
//do second rotate
//RR pattern
delete_1_L_rotate(p);
sibling->color = p->color;
sibling->p_Rchild->color = false;
p->color = false;
//cout << "p:" << p->value << " s:" << sibling->value << endl;
}
}
return;
}
else //case2
{
if (color(p) == false) { //2a
//cout << "do delete_2a violation" << endl;
node* doubleblack = p;
delete_2A(p);
p = p->p_parent;
if (p == nullptr) return;
//change sibling
if (p->p_Lchild == doubleblack) sibling = p->p_Rchild;
else sibling = p->p_Lchild;
}
else //2b
{
//cout << "do delete_2b violation" << endl;
delete_2B(p);
return;
}
}
}
else { //case 3
//cout << "do delete_3 violation" << endl;
delete_3(p);
return;
}
}
}
void tree::Print_tree(int stage)
{
auto twoto = [](int i) {
int sum = 1;
while (i) { sum *= 2; i--; }
return sum;
};
auto judgeside = [](int left, int num, int right) {
int length = right - left + 1;
if (num < (left + length / 2))return 1; else return 0;
};
auto judgelev = [twoto](int i) {
int level = 1;
while (twoto(level) - 1 <= i) { level++; }
return level;
};
auto moveto = [twoto, judgeside, judgelev, this](int i) {
if (i == 0)return root; else;
node* p = root;
int level = judgelev(i);
int left = twoto(level - 1) - 1;
int right = twoto(level) - 2;
while (1) {
if (p == nullptr)break; else;
if (judgeside(left, i, right)) {
p = p->p_Lchild;
if (right - left == 1)break; else;
right = right - (right - left + 1) / 2;
}
else {
p = p->p_Rchild;
if (right - left == 1)break; else;
left = left + (right - left + 1) / 2;
}
}
return p;
};
auto print = [](node* p) {
if (p == nullptr) { cout << " "; return; }
else;
if (p->value < 10)cout << " "; else;
if (p->value >= 10 && p->value < 100)cout << " "; else;
cout << "(" << p->value << "," << p->color << ")";
};
cout << "RB_tree:" << endl << endl;
if (root == nullptr)return; else;
int n, k, m, width, stage2;
stage2 = stage;
width = 7;
n = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= twoto(stage) - 1; i *= 2)
{
m = twoto(stage2 - 1) - 1;
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
{
if (j == 0)for (int k = 0; k < width * m / 2; k++)cout << " "; else;
print(moveto(n));
if (j != i - 1)for (int k = 0; k < width * m; k++)cout << " ";
n++;
}
stage2--;
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
}
//12 1 9 2 0 11 7 19 4 15 18 5 14 13 10 16 6 3 8 17
int main() {
tree t1;
t1.insert_node(12);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(1);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(9);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(2);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(0);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(11);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(7);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(19);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(4);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(15);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(18);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(5);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(14);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(13);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(10);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(16);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(6);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(3);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(8);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.insert_node(17);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.PreorderPrint(t1.root);
cout << endl;
t1.PostorderPrint(t1.root);
cout << endl;
t1.delete_node(12);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(1);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(9);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(3);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(0);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(2);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(5);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(4);
t1.InorderPrint(t1.root);
t1.delete_node(15);