From 43a071d75f93cd3c9998a0584def97b16665c86a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Talley Lambert <talley.lambert@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 27 May 2025 11:28:09 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] fix: fix tests and some typing

---
 examples/basic_scene.py               |  2 +-
 src/scenex/adaptors/__init__.py       |  3 +-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_auto.py          | 17 +++++++++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_base.py          | 11 +++++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_image.py  |  4 ++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_points.py |  4 ++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_volume.py |  8 +++--
 src/scenex/adaptors/_registry.py      |  5 ++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_image.py  |  4 ++-
 src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_points.py |  6 ++--
 src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_volume.py |  6 ++--
 src/scenex/imgui/_controls.py         |  4 +--
 src/scenex/model/_base.py             | 17 ++++++----
 src/scenex/model/_canvas.py           |  5 +--
 src/scenex/model/_view.py             |  7 ++--
 src/scenex/util.py                    | 10 ++++--
 tests/test_basic_scene.py             | 13 ++++++--
 tests/test_model.py                   | 48 ---------------------------
 18 files changed, 92 insertions(+), 82 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/basic_scene.py b/examples/basic_scene.py
index 26fc6089..9206ba05 100644
--- a/examples/basic_scene.py
+++ b/examples/basic_scene.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 view.scene.add_child(image)
 
 # both are optional, just for example
-snx.use("pygfx")
+# snx.use("pygfx")
 # snx.use("vispy")
 
 snx.show(view)
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/__init__.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/__init__.py
index 4a81556f..a6595c14 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/__init__.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/__init__.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 in the model.
 """
 
-from ._auto import get_adaptor_registry, run, use
+from ._auto import get_adaptor_registry, get_all_adaptors, run, use
 from ._base import Adaptor
 from ._registry import AdaptorRegistry
 
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     "Adaptor",
     "AdaptorRegistry",
     "get_adaptor_registry",
+    "get_all_adaptors",
     "run",
     "use",
 ]
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_auto.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_auto.py
index 5042c577..6b21084d 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_auto.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_auto.py
@@ -2,9 +2,15 @@
 
 import importlib.util
 import os
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal, TypeAlias, TypeGuard, get_args
+import sys
+from contextlib import suppress
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, TypeAlias, TypeGuard, cast, get_args
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Iterator
+
+    from scenex.adaptors._base import Adaptor
+
     from ._registry import AdaptorRegistry
 
 KnownBackend: TypeAlias = Literal["vispy", "pygfx"]
@@ -34,6 +40,15 @@ def get_adaptor_registry(backend: KnownBackend | str | None = None) -> AdaptorRe
             return _pygfx.adaptors
 
 
+def get_all_adaptors(obj: Any) -> Iterator[Adaptor]:
+    """Get all adaptors for the given object."""
+    for mod_name in ["scenex.adaptors._vispy", "scenex.adaptors._pygfx"]:
+        if mod := sys.modules.get(mod_name):
+            reg = cast("AdaptorRegistry", mod.adaptors)
+            with suppress(KeyError):
+                yield reg.get_adaptor(obj, create=False)
+
+
 def determine_backend(request: KnownBackend | str | None = None) -> KnownBackend:
     """Get the name of the backend adaptor registry.
 
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_base.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_base.py
index ba3e99ee..c21542db 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_base.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_base.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 TNode = TypeVar("TNode", bound="model.Node", covariant=True)
 TCamera = TypeVar("TCamera", bound="model.Camera", covariant=True)
 TImage = TypeVar("TImage", bound="model.Image", covariant=True)
+TVolume = TypeVar("TVolume", bound="model.Volume", covariant=True)
 TPoints = TypeVar("TPoints", bound="model.Points", covariant=True)
 TCanvas = TypeVar("TCanvas", bound="model.Canvas", covariant=True)
 TView = TypeVar("TView", bound="model.View", covariant=True)
@@ -47,6 +48,9 @@ def _snx_get_native(self) -> TNative:
     def handle_event(self, info: EmissionInfo) -> None:
         """Receive info from psygnal callback and convert to adaptor call."""
         signal_name = info.signal.name
+        if signal_name == "parent":
+            # Parent change events are handled by the parent adaptor.
+            return
 
         try:
             name = self.SETTER_METHOD.format(name=signal_name)
@@ -138,6 +142,11 @@ def _snx_set_gamma(self, arg: float, /) -> None: ...
     def _snx_set_interpolation(self, arg: model.InterpolationMode, /) -> None: ...
 
 
+class VolumeAdaptor(ImageAdaptor[TVolume, TNative]):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _snx_set_render_mode(self, arg: model.RenderMode, /) -> None: ...
+
+
 class PointsAdaptor(NodeAdaptor[TPoints, TNative]):
     """Protocol for a backend Image adaptor object."""
 
@@ -154,7 +163,7 @@ def _snx_set_edge_width(self, arg: float, /) -> None: ...
     @abstractmethod
     def _snx_set_symbol(self, arg: str, /) -> None: ...
     @abstractmethod
-    def _snx_set_scaling(self, arg: str, /) -> None: ...
+    def _snx_set_scaling(self, arg: model.ScalingMode, /) -> None: ...
     @abstractmethod
     def _snx_set_antialias(self, arg: float, /) -> None: ...
 
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_image.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_image.py
index 6249e0a0..cd06f402 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_image.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_image.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pygfx
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import ImageAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@
 logger = logging.getLogger("scenex.adaptors.pygfx")
 
 
-class Image(Node):
+class Image(Node, ImageAdaptor):
     """pygfx backend adaptor for an Image node."""
 
     _pygfx_node: pygfx.Image
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_points.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_points.py
index fb426385..63489c48 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_points.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_points.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pygfx
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import PointsAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@
 }
 
 
-class Points(Node):
+class Points(Node, PointsAdaptor):
     """Vispy backend adaptor for an Points node."""
 
     _pygfx_node: pygfx.Points
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_volume.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_volume.py
index 6524b16d..91e7ba79 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_volume.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_pygfx/_volume.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pygfx
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import VolumeAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@
     from scenex import model
 
 
-class Volume(Node):
+class Volume(Node, VolumeAdaptor):
     """pygfx backend adaptor for a Volume node."""
 
     _pygfx_node: pygfx.Volume
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ class Volume(Node):
 
     def __init__(self, volume: model.Volume, **backend_kwargs: Any) -> None:
         self._snx_set_data(volume.data)
-        self._snx_set_rendermode(volume.render_mode, volume.interpolation)
+        self._snx_set_render_mode(volume.render_mode, volume.interpolation)
         self._pygfx_node = pygfx.Volume(self._geometry, self._material)
 
     def _snx_set_cmap(self, arg: Colormap) -> None:
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ def _snx_set_data(self, data: ArrayLike) -> None:
         self._texture = self._create_texture(np.asanyarray(data))
         self._geometry = pygfx.Geometry(grid=self._texture)
 
-    def _snx_set_rendermode(
+    def _snx_set_render_mode(
         self,
         data: model.RenderMode,
         interpolation: model.InterpolationMode | None = None,
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_registry.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_registry.py
index 0eed148b..7915efca 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_registry.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_registry.py
@@ -89,7 +89,10 @@ def get_adaptor(self, obj: _M, create: bool = True) -> _base.Adaptor[_M, Any]:
         """Get the adaptor for the given model object, create if `create` is True."""
         if obj._model_id.hex not in self._objects:
             if not create:
-                raise KeyError(f"No adaptor found for {obj!r}, and create=False")
+                raise KeyError(
+                    f"{type(self).__name__!r} has no adaptor for {type(obj)} @ "
+                    f"{id(obj):x}, and create=False"
+                )
             logger.debug(
                 "Creating %r Adaptor %-14r id: %s",
                 type(self).__module__,
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_image.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_image.py
index f2e59aa7..cce126b8 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_image.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_image.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 import vispy.scene
 import vispy.visuals
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import ImageAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@
     from scenex import model
 
 
-class Image(Node):
+class Image(Node, ImageAdaptor):
     """pygfx backend adaptor for an Image node."""
 
     _vispy_node: vispy.visuals.ImageVisual
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_points.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_points.py
index 3933a5f3..e5f19d5f 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_points.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_points.py
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 import vispy.scene
 import vispy.visuals
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import PointsAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@
 }
 
 
-class Points(Node):
+class Points(Node, PointsAdaptor):
     """Vispy backend adaptor for an Points node."""
 
     _model: model.Points
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ def _snx_set_edge_width(self, edge_width: float) -> None:
     def _snx_set_symbol(self, symbol: str) -> None:
         self._update_vispy_data()
 
-    def _snx_set_scaling(self, scaling: str) -> None:
+    def _snx_set_scaling(self, scaling: model.ScalingMode) -> None:
         self._update_vispy_data()
 
     def _snx_set_antialias(self, antialias: float) -> None:
diff --git a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_volume.py b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_volume.py
index 12009f17..cc426407 100644
--- a/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_volume.py
+++ b/src/scenex/adaptors/_vispy/_volume.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 import vispy.scene
 import vispy.visuals
 
+from scenex.adaptors._base import VolumeAdaptor
+
 from ._node import Node
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@
     from scenex import model
 
 
-class Volume(Node):
+class Volume(Node, VolumeAdaptor):
     """vispy backend adaptor for a Volume node."""
 
     _vispy_node: vispy.visuals.VolumeVisual
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ def _snx_set_interpolation(self, arg: model.InterpolationMode) -> None:
     def _snx_set_data(self, data: ArrayLike) -> None:
         self._vispy_node.set_data(np.asarray(data))
 
-    def _snx_set_rendermode(
+    def _snx_set_render_mode(
         self,
         data: model.RenderMode,
         interpolation: model.InterpolationMode | None = None,
diff --git a/src/scenex/imgui/_controls.py b/src/scenex/imgui/_controls.py
index 7df73bda..46d0c066 100644
--- a/src/scenex/imgui/_controls.py
+++ b/src/scenex/imgui/_controls.py
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 def add_imgui_controls(view: View) -> None:
     """Add imgui controls to the given canvas."""
     snx_canvas_model = view.canvas
-    snx_canvas_adaptor = snx_canvas_model._get_adaptor()
-    snx_view_adaptor = view._get_adaptor()
+    snx_canvas_adaptor = snx_canvas_model._get_adaptors(backend="pygfx")[0]
+    snx_view_adaptor = view._get_adaptors(backend="pygfx")[0]
     render_canv = snx_canvas_model._get_native()
 
     if not (
diff --git a/src/scenex/model/_base.py b/src/scenex/model/_base.py
index 764715f6..672f1847 100644
--- a/src/scenex/model/_base.py
+++ b/src/scenex/model/_base.py
@@ -75,16 +75,19 @@ def __repr_args__(self) -> Iterable[tuple[str | None, Any]]:
                         continue
             yield key, val
 
-    def _get_adaptor(
+    def _get_adaptors(
         self, backend: str | None = None, create: bool = False
-    ) -> "Adaptor":
+    ) -> list["Adaptor"]:
         """Get all adaptors for this model."""
-        from scenex.adaptors import get_adaptor_registry
+        from scenex.adaptors import get_adaptor_registry, get_all_adaptors
 
-        reg = get_adaptor_registry(backend=backend)
-        return reg.get_adaptor(self, create=create)
+        if backend:
+            reg = get_adaptor_registry(backend=backend)
+            return [reg.get_adaptor(self, create=create)]
+        else:
+            return list(get_all_adaptors(self))
 
     def _get_native(self, backend: str | None = None, create: bool = False) -> Any:
         """Get the native object for this model."""
-        adaptor = self._get_adaptor(backend=backend, create=create)
-        return adaptor._snx_get_native()
+        if adaptors := self._get_adaptors(backend=backend, create=create):
+            return adaptors[0]._snx_get_native()
diff --git a/src/scenex/model/_canvas.py b/src/scenex/model/_canvas.py
index f6dd4a69..87889459 100644
--- a/src/scenex/model/_canvas.py
+++ b/src/scenex/model/_canvas.py
@@ -51,5 +51,6 @@ def size(self, value: tuple[int, int]) -> None:
 
     def render(self) -> np.ndarray:
         """Show the canvas."""
-        adaptor = cast("CanvasAdaptor", self._get_adaptor())
-        return adaptor._snx_render()
+        if adaptors := self._get_adaptors():
+            return cast("CanvasAdaptor", adaptors[0])._snx_render()
+        raise RuntimeError("No adaptor found for Canvas.")
diff --git a/src/scenex/model/_view.py b/src/scenex/model/_view.py
index 103ae5a1..09ea9747 100644
--- a/src/scenex/model/_view.py
+++ b/src/scenex/model/_view.py
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ def canvas(self, value: Canvas) -> None:
         self._canvas.views.append(self)
 
     def render(self) -> np.ndarray:
-        """Show the canvas."""
-        adaptor = cast("ViewAdaptor", self._get_adaptor())
-        return adaptor._snx_render()
+        """Render the view to an array."""
+        if adaptors := self._get_adaptors():
+            return cast("ViewAdaptor", adaptors[0])._snx_render()
+        raise RuntimeError("No adaptor found for View.")
diff --git a/src/scenex/util.py b/src/scenex/util.py
index b2779f75..f42051f8 100644
--- a/src/scenex/util.py
+++ b/src/scenex/util.py
@@ -90,7 +90,9 @@ def _ensure_iterable(obj: object) -> Iterable[Any]:
     )
 
 
-def show(obj: model.Node | model.View | model.Canvas) -> model.Canvas:
+def show(
+    obj: model.Node | model.View | model.Canvas, *, backend: str | None = None
+) -> model.Canvas:
     """Show a scene or view.
 
     Parameters
@@ -98,9 +100,13 @@ def show(obj: model.Node | model.View | model.Canvas) -> model.Canvas:
     obj : Node | View | Canvas
         The scene or view to show. If a Node is provided, it will be wrapped in a Scene
         and then in a View.
+    backend : str, optional
+        The backend to use for rendering. If not specified, the default backend will be
+        used. Defaults to None.
     """
     from .adaptors import get_adaptor_registry
 
+    view = None
     if isinstance(obj, model.Canvas):
         canvas = obj
     else:
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ def show(obj: model.Node | model.View | model.Canvas) -> model.Canvas:
         canvas = model.Canvas(views=[view])  # pyright: ignore[reportArgumentType]
 
     canvas.visible = True
-    reg = get_adaptor_registry()
+    reg = get_adaptor_registry(backend=backend)
     reg.get_adaptor(canvas, create=True)
     for view in canvas.views:
         cam = reg.get_adaptor(view.camera)
diff --git a/tests/test_basic_scene.py b/tests/test_basic_scene.py
index 88adb178..b13e18ab 100644
--- a/tests/test_basic_scene.py
+++ b/tests/test_basic_scene.py
@@ -44,8 +44,15 @@ def _child_names(obj: Any) -> list[str]:
     return [_obj_name(child) for child in obj.children]
 
 
-def test_basic_view(basic_view: snx.View) -> None:
-    snx.show(basic_view)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", BACKENDS)
+def test_basic_view(basic_view: snx.View, backend: str) -> None:
+    snx.show(basic_view, backend=backend)
+
+    # make sure we've got the right backend
+    adaptors = basic_view._get_adaptors(backend=backend, create=False)
+    assert adaptors
+    assert backend in type(adaptors[0]).__module__
+
     assert isinstance(repr(basic_view), str)
     assert isinstance(basic_view.model_dump(), dict)
     assert isinstance(basic_view.model_dump_json(), str)
@@ -58,7 +65,7 @@ def test_basic_view(basic_view: snx.View) -> None:
 def test_view_tree_matches_native(basic_view: snx.View, backend: str) -> None:
     """Test that the structure of the tree generated by the model matches the
     structure of the tree generated by the native backend."""
-    basic_view._get_adaptor(backend=backend, create=True)
+    basic_view._get_adaptors(backend=backend, create=True)
 
     model_tree = snx.util.tree_dict(basic_view.scene, obj_name=_obj_name)
     native_scene = basic_view.scene._get_native(backend=backend)
diff --git a/tests/test_model.py b/tests/test_model.py
index 609d0ba5..bc42530f 100644
--- a/tests/test_model.py
+++ b/tests/test_model.py
@@ -1,13 +1,7 @@
-import sys
 from unittest.mock import Mock
 
-import pytest
-from typing_extensions import TypeAliasType
-
 import scenex as snx
-from scenex import model
 from scenex.adaptors import Adaptor
-from scenex.model._base import EventedBase
 
 
 # recursively collect all subclasses of a type
@@ -23,53 +17,11 @@ def collect_adaptors(cls: type) -> list[type]:
 ADAPTORS = collect_adaptors(Adaptor)
 
 
-def _get_model_type(cls: TypeAliasType) -> type[EventedBase]:
-    """Get the model class for a given adaptor class."""
-    params = cls.__parameters__
-    if not (ref := params[0].__bound__):
-        raise ValueError(
-            f"Cannot get model class for {cls.__name__}: no bound type found"
-        )
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
-        model_type = ref._evaluate(
-            {"model": model}, None, type_params=None, recursive_guard=frozenset()
-        )
-    else:
-        model_type = ref._evaluate({"model": model}, None, recursive_guard=frozenset())
-    assert issubclass(model_type, EventedBase)
-    return model_type  # type: ignore [no-any-return]
-
-
 def test_schema() -> None:
     assert snx.Canvas.model_json_schema(mode="serialization")
     assert snx.Canvas.model_json_schema(mode="validation")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("adaptor", ADAPTORS)
-def test_events(adaptor: TypeAliasType) -> None:
-    """Test that models have events corresponding to all _snx_set_* methods."""
-    snx_methods = {
-        name[9:]
-        for name, method in adaptor.__dict__.items()
-        if name.startswith("_snx_set_") and callable(method)
-    }
-
-    model_type = _get_model_type(adaptor)
-    if not model_type.model_fields:
-        # no fields, so no events
-        return
-    signal_group = model_type.events._create_group(model_type)
-    signal_names = set(signal_group._psygnal_signals)
-    # remove the _snx_set_ prefix from the method names
-    # find the difference between the two sets
-    missing = snx_methods - signal_names
-    if missing:
-        raise AssertionError(
-            f"Missing events on {model_type.__module__}.{model_type.__name__}: "
-            f"{', '.join(sorted(missing))}"
-        )
-
-
 def test_changing_parent_pure_model() -> None:
     """Test that changing the parent of a model object works, and emits events."""
     # create a scene and a view

From 724ab1401a3bf1dc460ff529654514762fd68f00 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Talley Lambert <talley.lambert@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 27 May 2025 11:32:31 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] add imgui bundle to test

---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 3f0d485d..baccda11 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt install -y libegl1-mesa-dev libgl1-mesa-dri libxcb-xfixes0-dev mesa-vulkan-drivers
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --no-dev --group test --extra ${{ matrix.gfx }}
+        run: uv sync --no-dev --group test --extra ${{ matrix.gfx }} --extra imgui-bundle
 
       - name: Test
         shell: bash

From f7d3b918efda9508e55e9b286d1f36800eeab7f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Talley Lambert <talley.lambert@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 27 May 2025 11:32:51 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] fix extra name

---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index baccda11..48230072 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt install -y libegl1-mesa-dev libgl1-mesa-dri libxcb-xfixes0-dev mesa-vulkan-drivers
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --no-dev --group test --extra ${{ matrix.gfx }} --extra imgui-bundle
+        run: uv sync --no-dev --group test --extra ${{ matrix.gfx }} --extra imgui
 
       - name: Test
         shell: bash