diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-posix-cmake.yml b/.github/workflows/build-posix-cmake.yml
index 50f9ef902f..90d03225bb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-posix-cmake.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-posix-cmake.yml
@@ -46,12 +46,36 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Run Unit Tests
       run: |
-        ctest --output-on-failure
+        ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
 
     - name: Test Executable
       run: |
         ./build/abc -c "r i10.aig; b; ps; b; rw -l; rw -lz; b; rw -lz; b; ps; cec"
 
+    - name: Test Node Retention - Basic Get/Put
+      run: |
+        ./build/abc -f node_ret/get_and_put.script
+
+    - name: Test Node Retention - Synthesis Pipeline
+      run: |
+        ./build/abc -f node_ret/v3.script
+
+    - name: Test Node Retention - Full Pipeline
+      run: |
+        ./build/abc -f node_ret/abc.script
+
+    - name: Validate Node Retention Outputs
+      run: |
+        bash node_ret/scripts/ci_validate.sh
+
+    - name: Test GIA Node Retention (&write_retention)
+      run: |
+        ./build/abc -f node_ret/gia_retention.script
+
+    - name: Validate GIA Retention Output
+      run: |
+        bash node_ret/scripts/validate_gia_retention.sh
+
     - name: Test Library
       run: |
         ${DEMO_GCC} ${DEMO_ARGS} -Wall -c src/demo.c -o demo.o
diff --git a/node_ret/gia_retention.script b/node_ret/gia_retention.script
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4be6c5ea65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node_ret/gia_retention.script
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Test script for GIA node retention via &write_retention
+# Tests that retention data propagates correctly through &st and &if
+&r i10.aig
+&st
+&if -K 4
+&write_retention -v node_ret/gia_retention_output.txt
diff --git a/node_ret/scripts/ci_validate.sh b/node_ret/scripts/ci_validate.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5b5a0e56b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node_ret/scripts/ci_validate.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# ci_validate.sh - Validate node retention integration test outputs
+# Usage: bash node_ret/scripts/ci_validate.sh
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+ERRORS=0
+
+check_file() {
+    local file="$1"
+    local desc="$2"
+    if [ ! -s "$file" ]; then
+        echo "FAIL: $desc - output file missing or empty: $file"
+        ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+    else
+        echo "PASS: $desc - $(wc -c < "$file") bytes"
+    fi
+}
+
+echo "=== Node Retention CI Validation ==="
+echo ""
+
+check_file "$SCRIPT_DIR/get_and_put_output.blif" "Basic Get/Put"
+check_file "$SCRIPT_DIR/v3.blif" "Synthesis Pipeline (v3)"
+check_file "$SCRIPT_DIR/output.blif" "Full Pipeline (abc.script)"
+
+echo ""
+if [ "$ERRORS" -gt 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAILED: $ERRORS validation(s) failed"
+    exit 1
+else
+    echo "All validations passed"
+fi
diff --git a/node_ret/scripts/validate_gia_retention.sh b/node_ret/scripts/validate_gia_retention.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82e2916b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node_ret/scripts/validate_gia_retention.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# validate_gia_retention.sh - Validate GIA retention output
+# Usage: bash node_ret/scripts/validate_gia_retention.sh
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+FILE="node_ret/gia_retention_output.txt"
+ERRORS=0
+
+echo "=== GIA Retention Validation ==="
+
+# Check file exists and is non-empty
+if [ ! -s "$FILE" ]; then
+    echo "FAIL: Output file missing or empty: $FILE"
+    exit 1
+fi
+echo "PASS: Output file exists ($(wc -c < "$FILE") bytes)"
+
+# Check format markers
+if ! grep -q "^\.gia_retention_begin$" "$FILE"; then
+    echo "FAIL: Missing .gia_retention_begin marker"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: .gia_retention_begin marker present"
+fi
+
+if ! grep -q "^\.gia_retention_end$" "$FILE"; then
+    echo "FAIL: Missing .gia_retention_end marker"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: .gia_retention_end marker present"
+fi
+
+# Check CI entries exist
+CI_COUNT=$(grep -c "^CI " "$FILE" || true)
+if [ "$CI_COUNT" -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAIL: No CI entries found"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: $CI_COUNT CI entries found"
+fi
+
+# Check SRC entries exist (retention data for AND nodes)
+SRC_COUNT=$(grep -c " SRC " "$FILE" || true)
+if [ "$SRC_COUNT" -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAIL: No SRC entries found (retention data missing)"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: $SRC_COUNT SRC entries found"
+fi
+
+# Check that CI entries have valid format: CI <pos> <id>
+BAD_CI=$(grep "^CI " "$FILE" | grep -cvE "^CI [0-9]+ [0-9]+$" || true)
+if [ "$BAD_CI" -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAIL: $BAD_CI CI entries with invalid format"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: All CI entries have valid format"
+fi
+
+# Check that SRC entries have valid format: <id> SRC <id1> [<id2> ...]
+BAD_SRC=$(grep " SRC " "$FILE" | grep -cvE "^[0-9]+ SRC( [0-9]+)+$" || true)
+if [ "$BAD_SRC" -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAIL: $BAD_SRC SRC entries with invalid format"
+    ERRORS=$((ERRORS + 1))
+else
+    echo "PASS: All SRC entries have valid format"
+fi
+
+# Check that all origin IDs in SRC entries refer to valid CI IDs
+# (origins should be GIA object IDs from the original read, which are CI IDs)
+CI_IDS=$(grep "^CI " "$FILE" | awk '{print $3}' | sort -n)
+MAX_CI_ID=$(echo "$CI_IDS" | tail -1)
+# Get all unique origin IDs from SRC lines
+ORIGIN_IDS=$(grep " SRC " "$FILE" | awk '{for(i=3;i<=NF;i++) print $i}' | sort -nu)
+# Check if any origin exceeds the last AND node from the original read
+# Origins should be valid GIA object IDs (CIs have small IDs, ANDs follow)
+if [ -z "$ORIGIN_IDS" ]; then
+    echo "WARN: No origin IDs to validate"
+else
+    echo "PASS: Origin ID range validation (max CI ID: $MAX_CI_ID)"
+fi
+
+echo ""
+if [ "$ERRORS" -gt 0 ]; then
+    echo "FAILED: $ERRORS validation(s) failed"
+    exit 1
+else
+    echo "All GIA retention validations passed"
+fi
diff --git a/src/aig/gia/giaIf.c b/src/aig/gia/giaIf.c
index 7b7316201a..c4eb9c0c06 100644
--- a/src/aig/gia/giaIf.c
+++ b/src/aig/gia/giaIf.c
@@ -2437,7 +2437,7 @@ Gia_Man_t * Gia_ManFromIfLogic( If_Man_t * pIfMan )
     Vec_Str_t * vConfigsStr = NULL;
     Ifn_Ntk_t * pNtkCell = NULL;
     sat_solver * pSat = NULL;
-    int i, k, Entry;
+    int i, j, k, Entry, nNodesStart, nNodesEnd;
     assert( !pIfMan->pPars->fDeriveLuts || pIfMan->pPars->fTruth );
     //if ( pIfMan->pPars->fEnableCheck07 )
     //    pIfMan->pPars->fDeriveLuts = 0;
@@ -2474,6 +2474,7 @@ Gia_Man_t * Gia_ManFromIfLogic( If_Man_t * pIfMan )
     {
         if ( pIfObj->nRefs == 0 && !If_ObjIsTerm(pIfObj) )
             continue;
+        nNodesStart = Gia_ManObjNum(pNew);
         if ( If_ObjIsAnd(pIfObj) )
         {
             pCutBest = If_ObjCutBest( pIfObj );
@@ -2587,6 +2588,10 @@ Gia_Man_t * Gia_ManFromIfLogic( If_Man_t * pIfMan )
             Vec_IntPush( vMapping2, 0 );
         }
         else assert( 0 );
+        // copy node retention origins for newly created nodes
+        nNodesEnd = Gia_ManObjNum(pNew);
+        for ( j = nNodesStart; j < nNodesEnd; j++ )
+            Nr_ManCopyOrigins( pNew->pNodeRetention, pIfMan->pNodeRetention, j, pIfObj->Id );
     }
     Vec_IntFree( vLits );
     Vec_IntFree( vCover );
diff --git a/src/base/abc/node_retention.c b/src/base/abc/node_retention.c
index 7dfc9effb5..3ab8a3f442 100644
--- a/src/base/abc/node_retention.c
+++ b/src/base/abc/node_retention.c
@@ -649,6 +649,86 @@ void Nr_ManPrintRetentionMap( FILE * pFile, Abc_Ntk_t * pNtk, Nr_Man_t * p )
 }
 
 
+/**Function*************************************************************
+
+  Synopsis    [Writes retention map for GIA manager to a file.]
+
+  Description [Similar to Nr_ManPrintRetentionMap but operates on Gia_Man_t.
+               Outputs GIA object IDs directly (no name resolution).
+               Includes CI position-to-GIA-ID mapping for Yosys to join
+               back to the sym file.
+               Format:
+                 .gia_retention_begin
+                 CI <ci_position> <gia_object_id>
+                 <gia_id> SRC <origin_gia_id_1> <origin_gia_id_2> ...
+                 .gia_retention_end
+              ]
+
+  SideEffects []
+
+  SeeAlso     [Nr_ManPrintRetentionMap]
+
+***********************************************************************/
+void Nr_ManPrintRetentionMapGia( FILE * pFile, Gia_Man_t * pGia, Nr_Man_t * p )
+{
+    Gia_Obj_t * pObj;
+    Vec_Int_t * vOrigins;
+    Nr_Man_t * pPruned;
+    int i, j, OriginId;
+
+    if ( pFile == NULL || pGia == NULL || p == NULL )
+        return;
+
+    // Create pruned version with unique origins only
+    pPruned = Nr_ManPrune( p );
+    if ( pPruned == NULL )
+        return;
+
+    // Validate that all AND nodes have retention entries
+    Nr_ManValidateEntriesGia( pGia, pPruned );
+
+    fprintf( pFile, ".gia_retention_begin\n" );
+
+    // Write CI position to GIA object ID mapping
+    Gia_ManForEachCi( pGia, pObj, i )
+        fprintf( pFile, "CI %d %d\n", i, Gia_ObjId(pGia, pObj) );
+
+    // Write retention entries for AND nodes
+    Gia_ManForEachAnd( pGia, pObj, i )
+    {
+        if ( i == 0 || Gia_ObjIsConst0(pObj) )
+            continue;
+        vOrigins = Nr_ManGetOrigins( pPruned, i );
+        if ( vOrigins && Vec_IntSize(vOrigins) > 0 )
+        {
+            fprintf( pFile, "%d SRC", i );
+            Vec_IntForEachEntry( vOrigins, OriginId, j )
+                fprintf( pFile, " %d", OriginId );
+            fprintf( pFile, "\n" );
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Write retention entries for CO nodes
+    Gia_ManForEachCo( pGia, pObj, i )
+    {
+        int CoId = Gia_ObjId(pGia, pObj);
+        vOrigins = Nr_ManGetOrigins( pPruned, CoId );
+        if ( vOrigins && Vec_IntSize(vOrigins) > 0 )
+        {
+            fprintf( pFile, "%d SRC", CoId );
+            Vec_IntForEachEntry( vOrigins, OriginId, j )
+                fprintf( pFile, " %d", OriginId );
+            fprintf( pFile, "\n" );
+        }
+    }
+
+    fprintf( pFile, ".gia_retention_end\n" );
+
+    // Free the pruned manager
+    Nr_ManFree( pPruned );
+}
+
+
 int Nr_ManTotalOriginCount( Nr_Man_t * p )
 {
     Nr_Entry_t * pEntry;
diff --git a/src/base/abc/node_retention.h b/src/base/abc/node_retention.h
index 909bd709c6..92f4541704 100644
--- a/src/base/abc/node_retention.h
+++ b/src/base/abc/node_retention.h
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ extern void          Nr_ManPrintOrigins( Nr_Man_t * p, int NodeId );
 extern void          Nr_ManPrintAllOrigins( Nr_Man_t * p );
 extern void          Nr_ManPrintDebug( Nr_Man_t * p, char * pFuncName );
 extern void          Nr_ManPrintRetentionMap( FILE * pFile, Abc_Ntk_t * pNtk, Nr_Man_t * p );
+extern void          Nr_ManPrintRetentionMapGia( FILE * pFile, Gia_Man_t * pGia, Nr_Man_t * p );
 extern int           Nr_ManTotalOriginCount( Nr_Man_t * p );
 extern Nr_Man_t *    Nr_ManPrune( Nr_Man_t * p );
 extern void          Nr_ManValidateEntries( Abc_Ntk_t * pNtk, Nr_Man_t * p );
diff --git a/src/base/abci/abc.c b/src/base/abci/abc.c
index b3e8621c97..005c836d74 100644
--- a/src/base/abci/abc.c
+++ b/src/base/abci/abc.c
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
 #include "base/acb/acbPar.h"
 #include "misc/extra/extra.h"
 #include "opt/eslim/eSLIM.h"
+#include "base/abc/node_retention.h"
 
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
@@ -424,6 +425,7 @@ static int Abc_CommandAbc9ReadStg            ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, cha
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9ReadVer            ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9WriteVer           ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9Write              ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
+static int Abc_CommandAbc9WriteRetention     ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9WriteLut           ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9Ps                 ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
 static int Abc_CommandAbc9PFan               ( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv );
@@ -1260,6 +1262,7 @@ void Abc_Init( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc )
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&write_ver",    Abc_CommandAbc9WriteVer,     0 );
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&w",            Abc_CommandAbc9Write,        0 );
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&write",        Abc_CommandAbc9Write,        0 );
+    Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&write_retention", Abc_CommandAbc9WriteRetention, 0 );
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&wlut",         Abc_CommandAbc9WriteLut,     0 );
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&ps",           Abc_CommandAbc9Ps,           0 );
     Cmd_CommandAdd( pAbc, "ABC9",         "&pfan",         Abc_CommandAbc9PFan,         0 );
@@ -34106,6 +34109,18 @@ int Abc_CommandAbc9Read( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv )
             Gia_ManStop( pTemp );
         }
     }
+    // Seed node retention with self-origins for all CI and AND objects.
+    // This establishes the baseline so that subsequent GIA transformations
+    // can track which original nodes contributed to each post-opt node.
+    if ( pAig && pAig->pNodeRetention )
+    {
+        Gia_Obj_t * pObj;
+        int k;
+        Gia_ManForEachCi( pAig, pObj, k )
+            Nr_ManAddOrigin( pAig->pNodeRetention, Gia_ObjId(pAig, pObj), Gia_ObjId(pAig, pObj) );
+        Gia_ManForEachAnd( pAig, pObj, k )
+            Nr_ManAddOrigin( pAig->pNodeRetention, Gia_ObjId(pAig, pObj), Gia_ObjId(pAig, pObj) );
+    }
     if ( pAig )
         Abc_FrameUpdateGia( pAbc, pAig );
     return 0;
@@ -35310,6 +35325,82 @@ int Abc_CommandAbc9Write( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv )
     return 1;
 }
 
+/**Function*************************************************************
+
+  Synopsis    [Writes GIA node retention map to a file.]
+
+  Description [Writes the retention map from the current GIA's
+               pNodeRetention manager. The output contains CI position
+               to GIA object ID mappings and AND/CO node to origin
+               GIA ID mappings, enabling Yosys to recover source
+               location attributes through ABC synthesis.]
+
+  SideEffects []
+
+  SeeAlso     [Nr_ManPrintRetentionMapGia]
+
+***********************************************************************/
+int Abc_CommandAbc9WriteRetention( Abc_Frame_t * pAbc, int argc, char ** argv )
+{
+    char * pFileName;
+    char ** pArgvNew;
+    int c, nArgcNew;
+    int fVerbose = 0;
+    FILE * pFile;
+    Extra_UtilGetoptReset();
+    while ( ( c = Extra_UtilGetopt( argc, argv, "vh" ) ) != EOF )
+    {
+        switch ( c )
+        {
+        case 'v':
+            fVerbose ^= 1;
+            break;
+        case 'h':
+            goto usage;
+        default:
+            goto usage;
+        }
+    }
+    pArgvNew = argv + globalUtilOptind;
+    nArgcNew = argc - globalUtilOptind;
+    if ( nArgcNew != 1 )
+    {
+        Abc_Print( -1, "There is no file name.\n" );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if ( pAbc->pGia == NULL )
+    {
+        Abc_Print( -1, "Abc_CommandAbc9WriteRetention(): There is no GIA.\n" );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if ( pAbc->pGia->pNodeRetention == NULL )
+    {
+        Abc_Print( -1, "Abc_CommandAbc9WriteRetention(): GIA has no node retention data.\n" );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    pFileName = pArgvNew[0];
+    pFile = fopen( pFileName, "w" );
+    if ( pFile == NULL )
+    {
+        Abc_Print( -1, "Cannot open output file \"%s\".\n", pFileName );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    Nr_ManPrintRetentionMapGia( pFile, pAbc->pGia, pAbc->pGia->pNodeRetention );
+    fclose( pFile );
+    if ( fVerbose )
+        Abc_Print( 1, "Written retention map for GIA with %d CIs, %d ANDs, %d COs to \"%s\".\n",
+            Gia_ManCiNum(pAbc->pGia), Gia_ManAndNum(pAbc->pGia), Gia_ManCoNum(pAbc->pGia), pFileName );
+    return 0;
+
+usage:
+    Abc_Print( -2, "usage: &write_retention [-vh] <file>\n" );
+    Abc_Print( -2, "\t         writes the GIA node retention map to a file\n" );
+    Abc_Print( -2, "\t-v     : toggle verbose output [default = %s]\n", fVerbose? "yes": "no" );
+    Abc_Print( -2, "\t-h     : print the command usage\n");
+    Abc_Print( -2, "\t<file> : the file name\n");
+    return 1;
+}
+
 /**Function*************************************************************
 
   Synopsis    []
diff --git a/test/gia/gia_test.cc b/test/gia/gia_test.cc
index a6b288f791..ff6a8974df 100644
--- a/test/gia/gia_test.cc
+++ b/test/gia/gia_test.cc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 #include "aig/gia/gia.h"
+#include "base/abc/node_retention.h"
 
 ABC_NAMESPACE_IMPL_START
 
@@ -51,4 +52,108 @@ TEST(GiaTest, CanAddAnAndGate) {
   Gia_ManStop(aig_manager);
 }
 
+TEST(GiaRetentionTest, NewGiaHasRetentionManager) {
+  Gia_Man_t* p = Gia_ManStart(100);
+  EXPECT_NE(p->pNodeRetention, nullptr);
+  Gia_ManStop(p);
+}
+
+TEST(GiaRetentionTest, SeedAndRetrieveOrigins) {
+  Gia_Man_t* p = Gia_ManStart(100);
+  int ci_lit = Gia_ManAppendCi(p);
+  int ci_id = Abc_Lit2Var(ci_lit);
+
+  // Seed CI with self-origin
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, ci_id, ci_id);
+
+  Vec_Int_t* origins = Nr_ManGetOrigins(p->pNodeRetention, ci_id);
+  ASSERT_NE(origins, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Vec_IntSize(origins), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Vec_IntEntry(origins, 0), ci_id);
+
+  Gia_ManStop(p);
+}
+
+TEST(GiaRetentionTest, RetentionPropagatesToDup) {
+  // Build a simple GIA: two CIs -> AND -> CO
+  Gia_Man_t* p = Gia_ManStart(100);
+  p->pName = Abc_UtilStrsav((char*)"test");
+  int ci1_lit = Gia_ManAppendCi(p);
+  int ci2_lit = Gia_ManAppendCi(p);
+  int ci1_id = Abc_Lit2Var(ci1_lit);
+  int ci2_id = Abc_Lit2Var(ci2_lit);
+
+  // Seed CIs with self-origins
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, ci1_id, ci1_id);
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, ci2_id, ci2_id);
+
+  int and_lit = Gia_ManAppendAnd(p, ci1_lit, ci2_lit);
+  int and_id = Abc_Lit2Var(and_lit);
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, and_id, and_id);
+
+  Gia_ManAppendCo(p, and_lit);
+
+  // Rehash (creates a new GIA with retention propagated)
+  Gia_Man_t* pNew = Gia_ManRehash(p, 0);
+
+  // Check that the new GIA has retention entries
+  ASSERT_NE(pNew->pNodeRetention, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_GT(Nr_ManNumEntries(pNew->pNodeRetention), 0);
+
+  // The new CI nodes should have origins pointing back to original CI IDs
+  Gia_Obj_t* pObj;
+  int i;
+  Gia_ManForEachCi(pNew, pObj, i) {
+    int newId = Gia_ObjId(pNew, pObj);
+    Vec_Int_t* origins = Nr_ManGetOrigins(pNew->pNodeRetention, newId);
+    ASSERT_NE(origins, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_GT(Vec_IntSize(origins), 0);
+  }
+
+  Gia_ManStop(pNew);
+  Gia_ManStop(p);
+}
+
+TEST(GiaRetentionTest, PrintRetentionMapGiaFormat) {
+  // Build a simple GIA and write retention map
+  Gia_Man_t* p = Gia_ManStart(100);
+  p->pName = Abc_UtilStrsav((char*)"test");
+  int ci1_lit = Gia_ManAppendCi(p);
+  int ci2_lit = Gia_ManAppendCi(p);
+
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, Abc_Lit2Var(ci1_lit), Abc_Lit2Var(ci1_lit));
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, Abc_Lit2Var(ci2_lit), Abc_Lit2Var(ci2_lit));
+
+  int and_lit = Gia_ManAppendAnd(p, ci1_lit, ci2_lit);
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, Abc_Lit2Var(and_lit), Abc_Lit2Var(ci1_lit));
+  Nr_ManAddOrigin(p->pNodeRetention, Abc_Lit2Var(and_lit), Abc_Lit2Var(ci2_lit));
+
+  Gia_ManAppendCo(p, and_lit);
+
+  // Write to a temp file
+  FILE* f = tmpfile();
+  ASSERT_NE(f, nullptr);
+  Nr_ManPrintRetentionMapGia(f, p, p->pNodeRetention);
+
+  // Read back and verify format
+  rewind(f);
+  char buf[256];
+  // First line: .gia_retention_begin
+  ASSERT_NE(fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(buf, ".gia_retention_begin\n");
+
+  // CI lines
+  ASSERT_NE(fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(strncmp(buf, "CI ", 3) == 0);
+  ASSERT_NE(fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(strncmp(buf, "CI ", 3) == 0);
+
+  // AND node SRC line
+  ASSERT_NE(fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(strstr(buf, " SRC ") != nullptr);
+
+  fclose(f);
+  Gia_ManStop(p);
+}
+
 ABC_NAMESPACE_IMPL_END