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Glossary

Comprehensive glossary of terms, concepts, and technologies used in Hyper2KVM.


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Core Concepts

Artifact Manifest

A JSON document that describes migration outputs (disk images, configuration files, metadata). Follows the artifact-manifest-v1.0 schema specification.

Chroot

Change root - a Unix operation that changes the apparent root directory. Hyper2KVM uses enhanced chroot with proper isolation and cleanup.

Cold Migration

Migration performed while the VM is powered off. Allows complete filesystem access and modification.

Conversion

The process of transforming a VM disk image from one format to another (e.g., VMDK to QCOW2).

Enhanced Chroot

Hyper2KVM's improved chroot implementation with automatic mount/unmount of /proc, /sys, /dev and safe cleanup.

fstab

File System Table - Linux configuration file (/etc/fstab) that defines how disk partitions, block devices, or remote filesystems should be mounted.

Guest

The virtual machine being migrated or manipulated. The operating system and applications running inside the VM.

Host

The physical or virtual machine running the hypervisor and hosting guest VMs.

Live Migration

Migration of a running VM with minimal downtime. Hyper2KVM's "live fix" mode uses SSH to apply fixes while the VM is running.

Migration

The complete process of converting a VM from one platform (VMware/Hyper-V) to another (KVM).

Offline Fix

Post-migration remediation performed on a stopped VM to fix boot issues or configuration problems.

Source Platform

The original virtualization platform (VMware ESXi, vSphere, Hyper-V) from which VMs are being migrated.

Target Platform

The destination virtualization platform (KVM, QEMU, OpenStack, oVirt) to which VMs are being migrated.

VMCraft

Hyper2KVM's native Python VM manipulation engine with 480+ APIs for guest filesystem operations.


Migration Terms

Batch Migration

Migrating multiple VMs in parallel or sequence using daemon mode or automation scripts.

BusLogic Auto-Fix

Automatic detection and remediation of legacy BusLogic SCSI controllers that don't boot properly on KVM.

Conversion Time

The time required to convert a VMDK to QCOW2, typically 5-60 minutes depending on size and compression.

Device Name Stabilization

Converting fstab entries from device names (/dev/sda1) to stable identifiers (UUID or LABEL).

Fixers

Modular components in Hyper2KVM that apply specific fixes (e.g., initramfs regeneration, GRUB updates).

initramfs

Initial RAM filesystem - a temporary root filesystem loaded during Linux boot before the real root filesystem is mounted.

Migration Manifest

YAML configuration file defining migration parameters (source VMDK, output path, options).

Migration Pipeline

The sequence of operations performed during migration: fetch → convert → fix → validate → export.

Pre-Migration Validation

Checks performed before migration to identify potential issues (VMDK Inspector, compatibility checks).

Rollback

Reverting migration changes if issues are detected. Hyper2KVM maintains original files for safety.

Stabilization

Making configurations more robust for the target platform (fstab stabilization, UUID regeneration).

Success Rate

Percentage of migrations that complete successfully and boot on the target platform. Hyper2KVM achieves 96.5% for Linux, 94% for Windows.

XFS UUID Regeneration

Fixing duplicate XFS filesystem UUIDs that occur when VMware VMs are cloned.


VMCraft Terms

API Count

VMCraft provides 480+ APIs for guest manipulation, covering filesystem, packages, services, and configuration.

Augeas

Configuration file editing library integrated into VMCraft for safe manipulation of system configuration files.

Guest Inspection

Analyzing a VM disk to detect OS type, installed packages, services, and configuration.

guestfish

Command-line tool from libguestfs for manual VM manipulation. VMCraft provides similar capabilities natively.

libguestfs

C library for accessing and modifying VM disk images. VMCraft is a pure-Python alternative.

LVM Support

Logical Volume Manager support in VMCraft for accessing LVM-based filesystems within VMs.

NBD (Network Block Device)

Protocol for accessing block devices over a network. Used by VMCraft to mount QCOW2 images.

OS Detection

Automatic identification of the guest operating system (distribution, version, architecture).

Package Management

VMCraft's ability to query and manipulate packages using yum, dnf, apt, zypper within guest filesystems.

Registry Manipulation

VMCraft's capability to read and modify Windows Registry hives for driver injection and configuration.

Service Management

VMCraft APIs for enabling/disabling systemd services or SysV init scripts within guests.

VirtIO Drivers

Paravirtualized drivers for optimal performance on KVM. VMCraft can inject these into Windows VMs.


Virtualization Technologies

ESXi

VMware's bare-metal hypervisor platform. Common source platform for migrations.

Hyper-V

Microsoft's hypervisor technology. Hyper2KVM can migrate from Hyper-V to KVM.

hyperctl / hypersdk

Tools for managing hypervisor-native virtualization. Hyper2KVM integrates with these for advanced deployments.

KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)

Linux kernel module that turns Linux into a hypervisor. The target platform for Hyper2KVM migrations.

KubeVirt

Kubernetes extension for running VMs alongside containers. Hyper2KVM can deploy to KubeVirt clusters.

libvirt

Virtualization management library. Hyper2KVM can integrate with libvirt for VM management.

OpenStack

Cloud computing platform. Hyper2KVM can export VMs in OpenStack-compatible formats.

oVirt

Open-source virtualization management platform based on KVM.

QEMU

Quick Emulator - the userspace component of KVM that performs hardware emulation.

QEMU Guest Agent

Agent running inside VMs for advanced management operations and better integration.

vCenter

VMware's centralized management platform for vSphere environments.

virt-v2v

Red Hat's V2V (Virtual-to-Virtual) conversion tool. Hyper2KVM is an alternative with additional features.

VMDK (Virtual Machine Disk)

VMware's disk image format. The typical source format for migrations.

vSphere

VMware's virtualization platform suite including ESXi and vCenter.


File Systems & Storage

BTRFS

B-tree filesystem - a modern Linux filesystem with advanced features.

Cloned VM

A copy of a VM created using VMware's clone feature. Often has duplicate UUIDs requiring regeneration.

Device Mapper

Linux kernel framework for mapping block devices. Used for LVM, encryption, and other storage features.

Disk Image

A file containing the complete contents of a disk (VMDK, QCOW2, RAW, VHD).

ext4

Fourth Extended Filesystem - the most common Linux filesystem.

Filesystem UUID

Universally Unique Identifier assigned to a filesystem. Critical for proper mounting.

fstab Modes

  • stabilize-all: Convert all entries to UUID
  • uuid-only: Only update UUID entries
  • label-fallback: Prefer UUID, fallback to LABEL
  • preserve: Keep original entries

LVM (Logical Volume Manager)

System for managing logical volumes that can span multiple physical disks.

NTFS

New Technology File System - Microsoft's filesystem for Windows.

Partition Table

Data structure describing the partitions on a disk (MBR or GPT).

QCOW2

QEMU Copy-On-Write version 2 - KVM's native disk image format with compression and snapshots.

RAW Format

Uncompressed disk image format. Larger but slightly faster than QCOW2.

Sparse File

A file with holes (unallocated regions) that takes less disk space. QCOW2 images are sparse by default.

UUID (Universally Unique Identifier)

128-bit identifier used for filesystems, partitions, and other resources.

VHD/VHDX

Virtual Hard Disk - Microsoft's disk image format used by Hyper-V.

XFS

High-performance 64-bit journaling filesystem. Commonly used in enterprise Linux.


Networking

Bridge Network

Virtual network switch that connects VMs to physical networks.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

Protocol for automatic IP address assignment. Often configured in migrated VMs.

MAC Address

Media Access Control address - unique identifier for network interfaces.

NAT (Network Address Translation)

Network configuration where VMs share the host's IP address.

Network Resilience

Hyper2KVM's ability to handle network failures during remote operations (retry, exponential backoff).

Static IP

Manually configured IP address (as opposed to DHCP). Requires configuration preservation during migration.

VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)

Network segmentation technology. May need reconfiguration after migration.


Kubernetes & Orchestration

ConfigMap

Kubernetes object for storing configuration data. Used to provide migration manifests.

CRD (Custom Resource Definition)

Kubernetes extension mechanism. Hyper2KVM defines MigrationJob, OfflineFixJob, and InspectionJob CRDs.

Helm

Kubernetes package manager. One deployment method for Hyper2KVM.

Job

Kubernetes resource for running batch tasks. Hyper2KVM migrations run as Kubernetes Jobs.

Namespace

Kubernetes logical cluster division. Hyper2KVM typically runs in dedicated namespaces.

OLM (Operator Lifecycle Manager)

Framework for managing Kubernetes operators. Alternative deployment method for Hyper2KVM.

OpenShift

Red Hat's Kubernetes distribution with additional enterprise features.

Operator

Kubernetes extension for managing complex applications. Hyper2KVM provides operators for automation.

PVC (PersistentVolumeClaim)

Kubernetes resource for requesting persistent storage for migration artifacts.

Worker Node

Kubernetes node that runs workload pods. Hyper2KVM workers run on worker nodes.

Worker Protocol

Hyper2KVM's REST API for job submission and management in Kubernetes environments.


Operating Systems

CentOS

Community Enterprise Operating System - free derivative of RHEL. Well-supported by Hyper2KVM.

Photon OS

VMware's minimal Linux distribution optimized for cloud-native applications.

RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux)

Commercial Linux distribution. Fully supported including RHEL 10.

Rocky Linux

Community enterprise Linux distribution, RHEL-compatible successor to CentOS.

SUSE / SLES

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server - enterprise Linux distribution with full support.

Ubuntu

Popular Debian-based Linux distribution. Supported including Ubuntu 24.04.

Windows

Microsoft Windows operating systems. Hyper2KVM supports Windows Server and Desktop editions with VirtIO driver injection.


Tools & Utilities

h2kvmctl

Hyper2KVM's command-line interface tool for migrations and management.

GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader)

Linux bootloader. Hyper2KVM can regenerate GRUB configuration for the new platform.

JSON Schema

Formal specification for JSON document structure. Used for artifact manifest validation.

lsblk

Linux utility for listing block devices. Used in migration diagnostics.

qemu-img

QEMU disk image utility for conversion, compression, and manipulation.

systemd

Modern Linux init system and service manager. Hyper2KVM integrates as a systemd service.

TUI (Text User Interface)

Hyper2KVM's interactive terminal interface for user-friendly migrations.

VMDK Inspector

Hyper2KVM tool for analyzing VMDK files before migration to detect potential issues.

YAML

YAML Ain't Markup Language - human-readable data serialization format used for migration manifests.


Acronyms

Acronym Full Name Description
API Application Programming Interface Programmatic interface for software interaction
BIOS Basic Input/Output System Firmware interface for PC initialization
CLI Command-Line Interface Text-based user interface
CPU Central Processing Unit Main processor in a computer
CRD Custom Resource Definition Kubernetes API extension
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Network configuration protocol
DNS Domain Name System Hostname to IP address resolution
ESXi Elastic Sky X integrated VMware's bare-metal hypervisor
GRUB GRand Unified Bootloader Linux boot loader
GUI Graphical User Interface Visual user interface
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol Web communication protocol
IDE Integrated Drive Electronics Legacy disk interface (also: Integrated Development Environment)
I/O Input/Output Data transfer operations
IP Internet Protocol Network addressing protocol
JSON JavaScript Object Notation Data interchange format
KVM Kernel-based Virtual Machine Linux virtualization technology
LVM Logical Volume Manager Linux storage management
MAC Media Access Control Network hardware address
MBR Master Boot Record Legacy partition table format
NAT Network Address Translation IP address translation
NBD Network Block Device Block device over network protocol
NFS Network File System Distributed file system protocol
NTFS New Technology File System Windows filesystem
OLM Operator Lifecycle Manager Kubernetes operator management
OS Operating System System software managing hardware
PVC PersistentVolumeClaim Kubernetes storage request
QCOW2 QEMU Copy-On-Write v2 KVM disk image format
QEMU Quick Emulator Hardware emulation software
RAM Random Access Memory Computer memory
REST Representational State Transfer Web API architectural style
RHEL Red Hat Enterprise Linux Commercial Linux distribution
RPM RPM Package Manager Package management system
SAN Storage Area Network Dedicated storage network
SCSI Small Computer System Interface Storage device interface
SLES SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Enterprise Linux distribution
SSH Secure Shell Encrypted remote access protocol
SSL/TLS Secure Sockets Layer / Transport Layer Security Encryption protocols
SysV System V Traditional Unix init system
TCP Transmission Control Protocol Network transport protocol
TUI Text User Interface Terminal-based interface
UEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface Modern firmware interface
URL Uniform Resource Locator Web address
USB Universal Serial Bus Peripheral device interface
UUID Universally Unique Identifier 128-bit unique identifier
V2V Virtual-to-Virtual VM migration between platforms
VHD Virtual Hard Disk Hyper-V disk image format
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network Network segmentation
VM Virtual Machine Emulated computer system
VMDK Virtual Machine Disk VMware disk image format
VNC Virtual Network Computing Remote desktop protocol
YAML YAML Ain't Markup Language Data serialization format

Usage Examples

Finding a Term

Use your browser's search function (Ctrl+F / Cmd+F) to quickly locate terms in this glossary.

Related Documentation

For more detailed information about specific topics:


Contributing to the Glossary

Found a missing term? Want to improve a definition?

  1. Check if the term is already defined
  2. Ensure the definition is clear and accurate
  3. Add relevant cross-references
  4. Submit a pull request

See: Contributing Guide


Version Information

Last Updated: February 2026 Hyper2KVM Version: 2.1.0 Total Terms: 150+ Categories: 10


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