diff --git a/R/fit.R b/R/fit.R
index ca5d6fdb..1c2df276 100644
--- a/R/fit.R
+++ b/R/fit.R
@@ -768,6 +768,15 @@ lp_approx <- function() {
 #' The `$print()` method returns the fitted model object itself (invisibly),
 #' which is the standard behavior for print methods in \R.
 #'
+#' @references
+#' * Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., Simpson, D., Carpenter, B., and Buerkner, P.-C.
+#'   (2021). Rank-normalization, folding, and localization: An improved R-hat
+#'   for assessing convergence of MCMC (with discussion).
+#'   *Bayesian Analysis*, 16(2), 667-718. doi:10.1214/20-BA1221.
+#' * Vehtari, A. (2021). Comparison of MCMC effective sample size estimators.
+#'   https://avehtari.github.io/rhat_ess/ess_comparison.html
+#'   (for ESS diagnostics such as `ess_bulk` and `ess_tail`).
+#'
 #' @seealso [`CmdStanMCMC`], [`CmdStanMLE`], [`CmdStanLaplace`], [`CmdStanVB`], [`CmdStanGQ`]
 #'
 #' @examples
@@ -1524,6 +1533,19 @@ CmdStanMCMC <- R6::R6Class(
 #' @return The object returned by [loo::loo.array()] or
 #'   [loo::loo_moment_match.default()].
 #'
+#' @references
+#' * Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., and Gabry, J. (2017). Practical Bayesian model
+#'   evaluation using leave-one-out cross-validation and WAIC.
+#'   *Statistics and Computing*, 27(5), 1413-1432.
+#'   doi:10.1007/s11222-016-9696-4.
+#' * Vehtari, A., Simpson, D., Gelman, A., Yao, Y., and Gabry, J. (2024).
+#'   Pareto smoothed importance sampling.
+#'   *Journal of Machine Learning Research*, 25(72), 1-58.
+#' * Paananen, T., Piironen, J., Buerkner, P.-C., and Vehtari, A. (2021).
+#'   Implicitly adaptive importance sampling.
+#'   *Statistics and Computing*, 31, 16. doi:10.1007/s11222-020-09982-2
+#'   (for `moment_match = TRUE`).
+#'
 #' @seealso The \pkg{loo} package website with
 #'   [documentation](https://mc-stan.org/loo/reference/index.html) and
 #'   [vignettes](https://mc-stan.org/loo/articles/).
diff --git a/R/model.R b/R/model.R
index 2b87f7ea..068d3e0a 100644
--- a/R/model.R
+++ b/R/model.R
@@ -1097,7 +1097,19 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "format", value = format)
 #'
 #' @return A [`CmdStanMCMC`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Hoffman, M. D., and Gelman, A. (2014). The No-U-Turn sampler:
+#'   adaptively setting path lengths in Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+#'   *Journal of Machine Learning Research*, 15(47), 1593-1623.
+#' * Betancourt, M. (2017). A conceptual introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+#'   arXiv:1701.02434. Appendix A describes Stan's dynamic HMC/NUTS implementation.
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @inherit cmdstan_model examples
 #'
 sample <- function(data = NULL,
@@ -1247,7 +1259,19 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "sample", value = sample)
 #'
 #' @return A [`CmdStanMCMC`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Hoffman, M. D., and Gelman, A. (2014). The No-U-Turn sampler:
+#'   adaptively setting path lengths in Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+#'   *Journal of Machine Learning Research*, 15(47), 1593-1623.
+#' * Betancourt, M. (2017). A conceptual introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+#'   arXiv:1701.02434. Appendix A describes Stan's dynamic HMC/NUTS implementation.
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @seealso The Stan Math Library's documentation
 #'   ([mc-stan.org/math](https://mc-stan.org/math/)) for more
 #'   details on MPI support in Stan.
@@ -1407,7 +1431,14 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "sample_mpi", value = sample_mpi)
 #'
 #' @return A [`CmdStanMLE`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, optimization):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @inherit cmdstan_model examples
 #'
 optimize <- function(data = NULL,
@@ -1529,7 +1560,14 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "optimize", value = optimize)
 #'
 #' @return A [`CmdStanLaplace`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, Laplace approximation):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @examples
 #' \dontrun{
 #' file <- file.path(cmdstan_path(), "examples/bernoulli/bernoulli.stan")
@@ -1694,7 +1732,17 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "laplace", value = laplace)
 #'
 #' @return A [`CmdStanVB`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Kucukelbir, A., Tran, D., Ranganath, R., Gelman, A., and Blei, D. M.
+#'   (2017). Automatic differentiation variational inference.
+#'   *Journal of Machine Learning Research*, 18(14), 1-45.
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, variational inference):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @inherit cmdstan_model examples
 #'
 variational <- function(data = NULL,
@@ -1834,7 +1882,17 @@ CmdStanModel$set("public", name = "variational", value = variational)
 #'   pathfinder runs in multi-pathfinder.
 #' @return A [`CmdStanPathfinder`] object.
 #'
-#' @template seealso-docs
+#' @references
+#' * Zhang, L., Carpenter, B., Gelman, A., and Vehtari, A. (2022).
+#'   Pathfinder: parallel quasi-Newton variational inference.
+#'   *Journal of Machine Learning Research*, 23(306), 1-49.
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, Pathfinder):
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+#' * Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+#' * Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+#'   https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
+#'
 #' @inherit cmdstan_model examples
 #'
 pathfinder <- function(data = NULL,
diff --git a/man/fit-method-loo.Rd b/man/fit-method-loo.Rd
index d2ccb471..f9dcb7c9 100644
--- a/man/fit-method-loo.Rd
+++ b/man/fit-method-loo.Rd
@@ -60,6 +60,21 @@ loo_result <- fit$loo(cores = 2)
 print(loo_result)
 }
 
+}
+\references{
+\itemize{
+\item Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., and Gabry, J. (2017). Practical Bayesian model
+evaluation using leave-one-out cross-validation and WAIC.
+\emph{Statistics and Computing}, 27(5), 1413-1432.
+doi:10.1007/s11222-016-9696-4.
+\item Vehtari, A., Simpson, D., Gelman, A., Yao, Y., and Gabry, J. (2024).
+Pareto smoothed importance sampling.
+\emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, 25(72), 1-58.
+\item Paananen, T., Piironen, J., Buerkner, P.-C., and Vehtari, A. (2021).
+Implicitly adaptive importance sampling.
+\emph{Statistics and Computing}, 31, 16. doi:10.1007/s11222-020-09982-2
+(for \code{moment_match = TRUE}).
+}
 }
 \seealso{
 The \pkg{loo} package website with
diff --git a/man/fit-method-summary.Rd b/man/fit-method-summary.Rd
index 787feb2a..20eee6d4 100644
--- a/man/fit-method-summary.Rd
+++ b/man/fit-method-summary.Rd
@@ -73,6 +73,17 @@ fit$print(c("alpha", "beta"), var2 = ~var(as.vector(.x)))
 
 }
 
+}
+\references{
+\itemize{
+\item Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., Simpson, D., Carpenter, B., and Buerkner, P.-C.
+(2021). Rank-normalization, folding, and localization: An improved R-hat
+for assessing convergence of MCMC (with discussion).
+\emph{Bayesian Analysis}, 16(2), 667-718. doi:10.1214/20-BA1221.
+\item Vehtari, A. (2021). Comparison of MCMC effective sample size estimators.
+https://avehtari.github.io/rhat_ess/ess_comparison.html
+(for ESS diagnostics such as \code{ess_bulk} and \code{ess_tail}).
+}
 }
 \seealso{
 \code{\link{CmdStanMCMC}}, \code{\link{CmdStanMLE}}, \code{\link{CmdStanLaplace}}, \code{\link{CmdStanVB}}, \code{\link{CmdStanGQ}}
diff --git a/man/model-method-laplace.Rd b/man/model-method-laplace.Rd
index 52d68413..7161731a 100644
--- a/man/model-method-laplace.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-laplace.Rd
@@ -224,17 +224,17 @@ bayesplot::mcmc_hist(fit_laplace$draws("theta"))
 
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, Laplace approximation):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 Other CmdStanModel methods: 
 \code{\link{model-method-check_syntax}},
 \code{\link{model-method-compile}},
diff --git a/man/model-method-optimize.Rd b/man/model-method-optimize.Rd
index 6f36bdf1..0b9a3c86 100644
--- a/man/model-method-optimize.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-optimize.Rd
@@ -349,17 +349,17 @@ fit_optim_w_init_list$init()
 }
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, optimization):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 Other CmdStanModel methods: 
 \code{\link{model-method-check_syntax}},
 \code{\link{model-method-compile}},
diff --git a/man/model-method-pathfinder.Rd b/man/model-method-pathfinder.Rd
index ff7260bb..a43dda65 100644
--- a/man/model-method-pathfinder.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-pathfinder.Rd
@@ -365,17 +365,20 @@ fit_optim_w_init_list$init()
 }
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Zhang, L., Carpenter, B., Gelman, A., and Vehtari, A. (2022).
+Pathfinder: parallel quasi-Newton variational inference.
+\emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, 23(306), 1-49.
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, Pathfinder):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 Other CmdStanModel methods: 
 \code{\link{model-method-check_syntax}},
 \code{\link{model-method-compile}},
diff --git a/man/model-method-sample.Rd b/man/model-method-sample.Rd
index 72fba048..53bef269 100644
--- a/man/model-method-sample.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-sample.Rd
@@ -428,17 +428,22 @@ fit_optim_w_init_list$init()
 }
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Hoffman, M. D., and Gelman, A. (2014). The No-U-Turn sampler:
+adaptively setting path lengths in Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+\emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, 15(47), 1593-1623.
+\item Betancourt, M. (2017). A conceptual introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+arXiv:1701.02434. Appendix A describes Stan's dynamic HMC/NUTS implementation.
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 Other CmdStanModel methods: 
 \code{\link{model-method-check_syntax}},
 \code{\link{model-method-compile}},
diff --git a/man/model-method-sample_mpi.Rd b/man/model-method-sample_mpi.Rd
index b33464f4..a6479b2e 100644
--- a/man/model-method-sample_mpi.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-sample_mpi.Rd
@@ -320,17 +320,22 @@ only define the number of processes. To use \code{n_procs} processes specify
 }
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Hoffman, M. D., and Gelman, A. (2014). The No-U-Turn sampler:
+adaptively setting path lengths in Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+\emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, 15(47), 1593-1623.
+\item Betancourt, M. (2017). A conceptual introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
+arXiv:1701.02434. Appendix A describes Stan's dynamic HMC/NUTS implementation.
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 The Stan Math Library's documentation
 (\href{https://mc-stan.org/math/}{mc-stan.org/math}) for more
 details on MPI support in Stan.
diff --git a/man/model-method-variational.Rd b/man/model-method-variational.Rd
index 4313dcec..56101213 100644
--- a/man/model-method-variational.Rd
+++ b/man/model-method-variational.Rd
@@ -336,17 +336,20 @@ fit_optim_w_init_list$init()
 }
 
 }
-\seealso{
-The CmdStanR website
-(\href{https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/}{mc-stan.org/cmdstanr}) for online
-documentation and tutorials.
-
-The Stan and CmdStan documentation:
+\references{
 \itemize{
-\item Stan documentation: \href{https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/}{mc-stan.org/users/documentation}
-\item CmdStan User’s Guide: \href{https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/}{mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide}
+\item Kucukelbir, A., Tran, D., Ranganath, R., Gelman, A., and Blei, D. M.
+(2017). Automatic differentiation variational inference.
+\emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, 18(14), 1-45.
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan Reference Manual (Algorithms section, variational inference):
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/reference-manual/
+\item Stan Development Team. Stan documentation:
+https://mc-stan.org/users/documentation/
+\item Stan Development Team. CmdStan User's Guide:
+https://mc-stan.org/docs/cmdstan-guide/
 }
-
+}
+\seealso{
 Other CmdStanModel methods: 
 \code{\link{model-method-check_syntax}},
 \code{\link{model-method-compile}},