[codex] add protocol v2 adapter contract

[DNAngelX]

Summary

Adds the optional Protocol v2 WebSocket contract needed by the rebuilt ioBroker iOS/watchOS app while keeping the existing adapter actions backward compatible.

Changes

• Adds hello, getActionCatalog, executeAction, and requestSensorRefresh handlers.
• Exposes versioned capabilities and supported actions for the app.
• Adds typed adapter config augmentation for JS type checking.
• Replaces the dummy test with Protocol-v2 contract tests.
• Repairs local test scripts and Mocha setup.
• Aligns io-package.json with current ioBroker package validation by removing duplicate common.license when licenseInformation exists.

Validation

• npm run check
• npm test

Notes

The branch can be installed directly for system testing before merging.