arch-linux

I have started to learn linux and use it as main OS, im using the distribution Arch linux because is one of the minimalist distribution of linux, you have to install it manually OS it is perfect to learn the base and start building from there.

arch-linux

I have started to learn linux and use it as main OS, im using the distribution Arch linux because is one of the minimalist distribution of linux, you have to install it manually OS it is perfect to learn the base and start building from there.

For the instalation follow the official guide (it is really good documented and easy to follow)

Instalation guide

my errors during instalations and how to solve it

Instalation ways to dual boot windows & linux (Arch)

1. You will install both OS for first time.
2. You have windows | you will install Arch.
3. You have Arch | you will install windows.

In case you are in the 1º scenario, i suggent install windows first (it will remove some problems later regarding the GRUB)

1. You will install both OS for first time

Start installing Windows

The most importart part here is change the size of the UEFI boot partition (by default is 100M and it is not enought to do dual boot)

When you are in the partition configuration, you should remove the UEFI boot partition and create a new one with more space (300M or 500M is enought).

How to do it: Change the UEFI partition during the instalation of Windows

you should see something like this

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2. You have windows | you will install Arch

IMPORTANT: you must disable the quick start option. How to do it: Disable quick start in windows

Instal archlinux

Follow the oficial guideline here to install it

Summary:

• Change keyboard map - loadkeys es

• Create the partitions

• check your disk and partitions - lsblk

• cfdisk is a console partition manager - cfdisk /dev/<disk_name>

• Create partitions

Type	Purpose	Size	Notes	mount
EFI System	boot loader	more than 300M	If windows is already installed, DONT create it, we will use the existing one	/boot
Linux filesystem	linux files	10G is enought		/
Linux filesystem	user files	10G is enought	optional	/home
Linux SWAP	use as extra memory if RAM is full	as you want, but 2G is good	optional	SWAP

• Format the partitions (execute the commands in the Format column)

Partition	Formant command	Notes
EFI System	mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/<boot_partition>	DO NOT FORMAT IT IF YOU HAVE WINDOWS!! it was formated during the windows instalation
Linux files	mkfs.ext4 /dev/<linux_partition>
User files	mkfs.ext4 /dev/<linux_partition>
SWAP	mkswap /dev/<swap_partition> swapon /dev/<swap_partition>	Formant and activate as a swap partiton

• Mount every partitions

Partition	mount in	mount command
Linux files	/	mount --mkdir /dev/<boot_part.> /mnt
User files	/home	mount --mkdir /dev/<user_part.> /mnt/home
EFI System	/boot	mount --mkdir /dev/<boot_part.> /mnt/boot

• Install Arch linux, the next command will install the base of Arch linux on the /mnt directory - pacstrap -K /mnt base linux linux-firmware ntfs-3g networkmanager sudo git nano

• Create partition table - genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

• (pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring && pacman -Syyu)

• Login into Arch OS - arch-chroot /mnt

• Change root password - passwd

• Create new user and create default home folder - useradd -m <user_name>

• Asign the new user a password - passwd <user_name>

• Add the new user to the sudo group - echo <your_user> ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL >> /etc/sudoers

• Activate internet - systemctl enable MetworkManager

• Configure Time zone, Location, hostname (follow the oficial guide )

• Configure boot loader GRUB instalation guide

IMPORTANT: Take into account during GRUB instalation

• 100M is not enought to install dual boot
• Quick start of windows must be disabled
• Arch should be in UEFI
• the os-prober (which recogine other distros and OS) only works correctly if you are running the arch without the booted usb

Summary GRUB instalation

You should do the next steps using the USB booted because your bios won't recognice the new arch OS.

Note: if you reboot before install GRUB (the boot loader) your computer won't recognice the new Arch OS yet. So start linux from the USB boot installer and - arch-chroot /mnt

• install grub packages - pacman -S grub os-prober efibootmgr
• open /etc/default/grub and remove # in the line GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false

NOTE: you need to be sure that the Linux image is available, you can check it going to the UEFI partition and verifying if exist this two files initramfs-linux-fallback.img initramfs-linux.img.

How to fix it: Linux images not found or do not exist

• install arch boot loader in the existing UEFI partition - grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
• Configure GRUB - grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
• Exit from your Arch OS - exit
• Unplug the USB boot installer and reboot - reboot now
• Enter in bios and change the boot order making GRUB as main boot loader
• enter in the Arch OS and repeat the grub configuration command, now should detect windows boot - grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Both systems are ready to be booted by GRUB (linux & windows), at this moment the are a lot of configurations to complete: audio, wifi, bluetooth, desktop...

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• Graphic ui

• Audio