OpenXiangShan · poemonsense · May 9, 2026 · May 8, 2026
diff --git a/workloads/linux/spec2006/README.md b/workloads/linux/spec2006/README.md
@@ -1,35 +1,31 @@
 # SPEC CPU2006 Linux workload
 
 `workloads/linux/spec2006` now builds SPEC CPU2006 workloads with the original
-SPEC tools (`runspec`) against an external SPEC installation.
+SPEC tools (`runspec`) from a prepared workspace installed from a SPEC ISO.
 
 ## Build one case
 
-Either point `SPEC` at the SPEC tree:
+Point `SPEC2006_ISO` at the SPEC ISO:
 
 ```sh
-make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
-```
-
-or pass `SPEC2006` explicitly:
-
-```sh
-make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
+make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN
 ```
 
 `BENCH` may also be a full case name from `spec06.json`:
 
 ```sh
-make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
+make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN
 ```
 
 The build flow is:
 
-1. Generate a build-local SPEC cfg copy under the case build directory.
-2. Inject `output_root` into that cfg so SPEC build artifacts stay under this
-   repository instead of modifying the original SPEC installation.
-3. Run `runspec --action build`.
-4. Export the built SPEC ELF, package the benchmark plus input files into the
+1. Run `make spec2006-prepare SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso` to install a build-local
+   writable SPEC workspace under `build/linux-workloads/spec2006/spec-src`.
+2. Generate a build-local SPEC cfg copy under the case build directory.
+3. Inject `output_root` into that cfg so SPEC build artifacts stay under this
+   repository instead of modifying the prepared SPEC workspace.
+4. Run `runspec --action build` inside the prepared workspace.
+5. Export the built SPEC ELF, package the benchmark plus input files into the
    Linux rootfs, and produce:
 
 ```text
@@ -41,15 +37,15 @@ build/linux-workloads/spec2006/<case>/fw_payload.bin
 Export all selected cases to `build/images/spec2006`:
 
 ```sh
-make spec2006-images SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
+make spec2006-images SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN
 ```
 
 By default, export builds only `ref` cases. Select another input set with
 `SPEC2006_INPUT`; use `all` to export every configured case:
 
 ```sh
-make spec2006-images SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 SPEC2006_INPUT=test -jN
-make spec2006-images SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
+make spec2006-images SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso SPEC2006_INPUT=test -jN
+make spec2006-images SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
 ```
 
 Selected SPEC cases are built one by one to avoid concurrent `runspec`
@@ -76,7 +72,7 @@ Override the destination with `SPEC2006_IMAGE_DIR=/path/to/image`.
 Build one case without packaging it into the Linux rootfs:
 
 ```sh
-make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
+make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN
 ```
 
 This writes:
@@ -88,17 +84,17 @@ build/linux-workloads/spec2006/<case>/elf/<case>.elf
 Build every selected case as ELF only:
 
 ```sh
-make spec2006-elfs SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 SPEC2006_INPUT=ref -jN
-make spec2006-elfs SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
+make spec2006-elfs SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso SPEC2006_INPUT=ref -jN
+make spec2006-elfs SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
 ```
 
 If you only want the standalone ELF build flow, you can run it from this
 directory without the top-level Makefile:
 
 ```sh
 cd workloads/linux/spec2006
-make -f rules.mk spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN
-make -f rules.mk spec2006-elfs SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
+make -f rules.mk spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN
+make -f rules.mk spec2006-elfs SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso SPEC2006_INPUT=all -jN
 ```
 
 ## Configuration
@@ -113,7 +109,7 @@ Override it with:
 
 ```sh
 make linux/spec2006 BENCH=bzip2_source \
-  SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 \
+  SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso \
   SPEC2006_CFG=/path/to/other.cfg \
   -jN
 ```
@@ -170,7 +166,14 @@ SPEC2006 builds keep console output concise. Detailed logs are written to:
 
 ## Notes
 
-- The original SPEC tree is used read-only for sources and input data.
+- The original SPEC ISO is used read-only as installation media.
+- `runspec` is never executed against the original ISO contents; it only sees the
+  prepared workspace under `build/linux-workloads/spec2006/spec-src`.
+- The prepared workspace is installed into a writable build directory before
+  any SPEC tools are executed.
+- Installation staging uses a temporary local filesystem; override
+  `SPEC2006_PREPARE_TMPDIR` if `/tmp` is not suitable.
+- `xorriso` is required to extract the SPEC ISO during `spec2006-prepare`.
 - Build logs, copied cfg files, build directories, and built executables are
   redirected into the case-local `runspec-output` directory via `output_root`.
 - The source cfg in this repository is never passed to `runspec` directly;

diff --git a/workloads/linux/spec2006/prepare-spec-workspace.sh b/workloads/linux/spec2006/prepare-spec-workspace.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+source_spec_iso="$(realpath "$1")"
+prepared_spec_root="$(realpath -m "$2")"
+
+prepare_dir="$(dirname "$prepared_spec_root")"
+mkdir -p "$prepare_dir"
+chmod -R u+rwX "$prepared_spec_root" 2>/dev/null || true
+rm -rf "$prepared_spec_root"
+
+temp_root=""
+cleanup() {
+  if [ -n "$temp_root" ]; then
+    chmod -R u+rwX "$temp_root" 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -rf "$temp_root" 2>/dev/null || true
+  fi
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+if ! command -v xorriso >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo "xorriso is required to extract $source_spec_iso" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+tmp_parent="${SPEC2006_PREPARE_TMPDIR:-${TMPDIR:-/tmp}}"
+mkdir -p "$tmp_parent"
+temp_root="$(mktemp -d "$tmp_parent/spec-prepare.XXXXXX")"
+
+media_root="$temp_root/media"
+staged_spec_root="$temp_root/spec-src"
+mkdir -p "$media_root"
+
+xorriso -osirrox on -indev "$source_spec_iso" -extract / "$media_root" >/dev/null
+
+if ! [ -f "$media_root/install.sh" ]; then
+  echo "install.sh not found in $source_spec_iso" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+(
+  cd "$media_root"
+  env -u SPEC sh ./install.sh -f -d "$staged_spec_root"
+)
+
+mkdir -p "$prepared_spec_root"
+cp -R "$staged_spec_root"/. "$prepared_spec_root"/
+chmod -R u+rwX "$prepared_spec_root"
+
+(
+  cd "$prepared_spec_root"
+  . ./shrc >/dev/null
+  bin/relocate >/dev/null
+)
diff --git a/workloads/linux/spec2006/rules.mk b/workloads/linux/spec2006/rules.mk
@@ -10,7 +10,11 @@ SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG := $(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/spec06.json
 SPEC2006_CFG ?= $(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/riscv_gcc15_base.cfg
 SPEC2006_HELPER := $(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/spec2006-package.py
 SPEC2006_IMAGE_DIR ?= $(SPEC2006_REPO_ROOT)/build/images/spec2006
-SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT := $(if $(SPEC2006),$(SPEC2006),$(SPEC))
+SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO := $(SPEC2006_ISO)
+SPEC2006_PREPARED_SPEC_ROOT := $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/spec-src
+SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_HASH := $(shell printf '%s\n' "$(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO)" | sha256sum | cut -d ' ' -f 1)
+SPEC2006_PREPARE_STAMP := $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/spec-src.$(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_HASH).prepared
+SPEC2006_PREPARE_SCRIPT := $(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/prepare-spec-workspace.sh
 SPEC2006_CROSS_COMPILE ?= riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-
 SPEC2006_COMPILER_ROOT ?=
 SPEC2006_GNU_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT ?=
@@ -40,19 +44,14 @@ SPEC2006_DEFAULT_DTB_STAMP := $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/dtb.$(shell printf '%s\n' "$
 
 WORKLOAD_DIRS += $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)
 
-spec2006-check-spec-dir:
-	@if [ -z "$(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)" ]; then \
-		echo "SPEC or SPEC2006 is required, for example:"; \
-		echo "  make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
-		echo "  make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
+spec2006-check-spec-iso:
+	@if [ -z "$(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO)" ]; then \
+		echo "SPEC2006_ISO is required, for example:"; \
+		echo "  make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi; \
-	if ! [ -d "$(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)" ]; then \
-		echo "SPEC path does not exist or is not a directory: $(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)"; \
-		exit 1; \
-	fi; \
-	if ! [ -x "$(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)/bin/runspec" ]; then \
-		echo "runspec not found under $(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)/bin/runspec"; \
+	if ! [ -f "$(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO)" ]; then \
+		echo "SPEC ISO path does not exist: $(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO)"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi; \
 	if ! [ -f "$(SPEC2006_CFG)" ]; then \
@@ -68,6 +67,13 @@ spec2006-check-spec-dir:
 		*) echo "SPEC2006_INPUT must be one of: ref, train, test, all"; exit 1 ;; \
 	esac
 
+spec2006-prepare: $(SPEC2006_PREPARE_STAMP)
+
+$(SPEC2006_PREPARE_STAMP): $(SPEC2006_PREPARE_SCRIPT) $(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO) | spec2006-check-spec-iso
+	@printf '$(SPEC2006_PROGRESS_PREFIX) Preparing SPEC workspace at $(SPEC2006_PREPARED_SPEC_ROOT)\n'
+	@bash "$(SPEC2006_PREPARE_SCRIPT)" "$(SPEC2006_SOURCE_SPEC_ISO)" "$(SPEC2006_PREPARED_SPEC_ROOT)"
+	@touch "$@"
+
 $(SPEC2006_DEFAULT_DTB_STAMP):
 	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
 	@rm -f "$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)"/dtb.*
@@ -78,7 +84,7 @@ $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/download/sentinel:
 	@mkdir -p $$(@D)
 	@touch $$@
 
-$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/elf/$(1).elf: spec2006-check-spec-dir $$(SPEC2006_HELPER) $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/build.sh $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG) $$(SPEC2006_CFG)
+$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/elf/$(1).elf: $(SPEC2006_PREPARE_STAMP) $$(SPEC2006_HELPER) $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/build.sh $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG) $$(SPEC2006_CFG)
 	@mkdir -p "$$(dir $$@)"
 	@WORKLOAD_DIR="$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR))" \
 	WORKLOAD_BUILD_DIR="$$(abspath $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1))" \
@@ -87,7 +93,7 @@ $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/elf/$(1).elf: spec2006-check-spec-dir $$(SPEC2006_HEL
 	SPEC2006_PROGRESS_K="$$(SPEC2006_PROGRESS_K)" \
 	SPEC2006_PROGRESS_N="$$(SPEC2006_PROGRESS_N)" \
 	SPEC2006_CASE="$(1)" \
-	SPEC2006="$$(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)" \
+	SPEC2006="$$(SPEC2006_PREPARED_SPEC_ROOT)" \
 	SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG="$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG))" \
 	SPEC2006_CFG="$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_CFG))" \
 	SPEC2006_COMPILER_ROOT="$$(SPEC2006_COMPILER_ROOT)" \
@@ -98,12 +104,12 @@ $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/elf/$(1).elf: spec2006-check-spec-dir $$(SPEC2006_HEL
 	SPEC2006_ELF_ONLY=1 \
 	bash "$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR))/build.sh"
 
-$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/rootfs.cpio: spec2006-check-spec-dir $$(SPEC2006_HELPER) $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/build.sh $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG) $$(SPEC2006_CFG) $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/download/sentinel $$(SPEC2006_SCRIPTS_DIR)/build-workload-linux.sh
+$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/rootfs.cpio: $(SPEC2006_PREPARE_STAMP) $$(SPEC2006_HELPER) $$(SPEC2006_WORKLOAD_DIR)/build.sh $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG) $$(SPEC2006_CFG) $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(1)/download/sentinel $$(SPEC2006_SCRIPTS_DIR)/build-workload-linux.sh
 	@CROSS_COMPILE="$$(SPEC2006_CROSS_COMPILE)" \
 	SPEC2006_PROGRESS_K="$$(SPEC2006_PROGRESS_K)" \
 	SPEC2006_PROGRESS_N="$$(SPEC2006_PROGRESS_N)" \
 	SPEC2006_CASE="$(1)" \
-	SPEC2006="$$(SPEC2006_SPEC_ROOT)" \
+	SPEC2006="$$(SPEC2006_PREPARED_SPEC_ROOT)" \
 	SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG="$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_CASE_CONFIG))" \
 	SPEC2006_CFG="$$(abspath $$(SPEC2006_CFG))" \
 	SPEC2006_COMPILER_ROOT="$$(SPEC2006_COMPILER_ROOT)" \
@@ -145,23 +151,23 @@ endef
 
 $(foreach case,$(SPEC2006_ALL_CASES),$(eval $(call add_spec2006_case,$(case))))
 
-linux/spec2006: spec2006-check-spec-dir
+linux/spec2006: spec2006-check-spec-iso
 	@if [ -z "$(BENCH)" ]; then \
-		echo "Usage: make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
-		echo "   or: make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
+		echo "Usage: make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN"; \
+		echo "   or: make linux/spec2006 BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 	@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -f "$(SPEC2006_RECURSE_MAKEFILE)" GCPT_DEFAULT_DTB="$(SPEC2006_DEFAULT_DTB)" $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(SPEC2006_CASE)/fw_payload.bin
 
-spec2006-elf: spec2006-check-spec-dir
+spec2006-elf: spec2006-check-spec-iso
 	@if [ -z "$(BENCH)" ]; then \
-		echo "Usage: make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
-		echo "   or: make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC=/path/to/cpu2006 -jN"; \
+		echo "Usage: make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar INPUT=biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN"; \
+		echo "   or: make spec2006-elf BENCH=astar_biglakes SPEC2006_ISO=/path/to/cpu2006.iso -jN"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 	@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -f "$(SPEC2006_RECURSE_MAKEFILE)" $(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$(SPEC2006_CASE)/elf/$(SPEC2006_CASE).elf
 
-spec2006-elfs: spec2006-check-spec-dir
+spec2006-elfs: spec2006-check-spec-iso
 	@if [ -z "$(SPEC2006_SELECTED_CASES)" ]; then \
 		echo "No SPEC2006 cases selected by SPEC2006_INPUT=$(SPEC2006_INPUT)"; \
 		exit 1; \
@@ -170,7 +176,7 @@ spec2006-elfs: spec2006-check-spec-dir
 		$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -f "$(SPEC2006_RECURSE_MAKEFILE)" "$(SPEC2006_BUILD_DIR)/$$case/elf/$$case.elf" || exit $$?; \
 	done
 
-spec2006-images: spec2006-check-spec-dir
+spec2006-images: spec2006-check-spec-iso
 	@if [ -z "$(SPEC2006_IMAGE_CASES)" ]; then \
 		echo "No SPEC2006 cases selected by SPEC2006_INPUT=$(SPEC2006_INPUT)"; \
 		exit 1; \
@@ -183,4 +189,4 @@ spec2006-images: spec2006-check-spec-dir
 	done
 	@printf '[spec2006 %s/%s] Output written to %s\n' "$(words $(SPEC2006_IMAGE_CASES))" "$(words $(SPEC2006_IMAGE_CASES))" "$(abspath $(SPEC2006_IMAGE_DIR))"
 
-.PHONY: linux/spec2006 spec2006-check-spec-dir spec2006-elf spec2006-elfs spec2006-images
+.PHONY: linux/spec2006 spec2006-check-spec-iso spec2006-prepare spec2006-elf spec2006-elfs spec2006-images