Cherry-pick PR #37954 into 2.73 release

[acrites]

Moves finalize ids out of WorkItem proto and into AssembledWorkItem class:

• Moves applied finalize ids out of windmill WorkItem proto since that field isn't present in internal version. Moves it to AssembledWorkItem. Also adds internal GetWorkResponse.applied_finalize_ids, which is used by Appliance, so now validates runner tests pass.

• Reserves previously used proto field and manually triggers post submits.

This is part of a fix of changes in PR #37723.

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Summary of Changes

Hello, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request refactors how finalize IDs are handled within the Dataflow worker. By moving these IDs from the WorkItem proto to the GetWorkResponse proto and integrating them into the AssembledWorkItem class, the changes improve compatibility with internal versions and ensure that finalize callbacks are correctly executed by the Streaming Engine.

Highlights

• Proto Refactoring: Moved applied finalize IDs from the WorkItem proto to the GetWorkResponse proto to better align with internal versioning.
• Class Integration: Updated AssembledWorkItem to include applied finalize IDs, ensuring they are correctly propagated through the worker harness.
• Test Infrastructure: Updated various test suites and build configurations to accommodate the new structure and ensure validation tests pass.

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