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docs: note ISNULL rolling-deploy pattern for JSON/TVP NOT NULL columns #7991

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docs: note ISNULL rolling-deploy pattern for JSON/TVP NOT NULL columns #7991

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10 changes: 10 additions & 0 deletions .claude/rules/database-dapper.md
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Expand Up @@ -94,6 +94,16 @@ GO
- Add new columns at the **end** of the column list to keep `src/Sql/dbo/` in sync.
- For a `NOT NULL` column, add a `DEFAULT` constraint rather than backfilling rows:
`ADD [Column] INT NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_Table_Column] DEFAULT 0`. Do **not** use defaults for string columns.
- A `NOT NULL` column written through an `OPENJSON` or TVP path also needs `ISNULL([Column], <default>)` at every
insert/update site. A scalar procedure parameter stays backwards-compatible via its own default (`@Column BIT = 0`),
but a JSON/TVP field has no per-field default — during a rolling deployment an old server omits it, `OPENJSON`
yields `NULL`, and the write violates the `NOT NULL` constraint. (The `OrganizationUser_CreateMany`, `_UpdateMany`,
and `_CreateManyWithCollectionsAndGroups` procedures are the canonical example.)

```sql
SELECT ..., ISNULL(OUI.[Column], 0) -- INSERT ... SELECT
SET ..., [Column] = ISNULL(OUI.[Column], 0) -- UPDATE ... SET
```

### Create / drop a table

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