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fix(nextjs): allow Clerk protection origins in generated CSP #9199

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Merged
mwickett merged 2 commits into from
Jul 21, 2026
+44 −12
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fix(nextjs): allow Clerk protection origins in generated CSP #9199

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f62bc92
fix(nextjs): allow Clerk protection origins in generated CSP
mwickett Jul 20, 2026
0c37a56
test(nextjs): cover protection origins in strict CSP
mwickett Jul 20, 2026
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5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions .changeset/calm-dragons-protect.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
---
'@clerk/nextjs': patch
---

Allow Clerk abuse and fraud protection resources in CSP headers generated by `clerkMiddleware()`.
46 changes: 34 additions & 12 deletions packages/nextjs/src/server/__tests__/content-security-policy.test.ts
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {

expect(directives).toContainEqual("default-src 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com",
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("form-action 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com",
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("img-src 'self' https://img.clerk.com");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'");
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -78,6 +78,28 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
expect(cspHeader[1]).toContain(`'nonce-${nonceHeader[1]}'`);
});

it('should allow Clerk abuse and fraud protection origins in default and strict modes', () => {
for (const strict of [false, true]) {
const result = createContentSecurityPolicyHeaders(testHost, { strict });
const directives = result.headers[0][1].split('; ');

for (const directiveName of ['script-src', 'connect-src', 'frame-src']) {
const directive = directives.find(d => d.startsWith(directiveName));
expect(directive).toContain('https://*.protect.clerk.com');
expect(directive).toContain('https://*.client.protect.clerk.com');
}

if (strict) {
const scriptSrcValues = directives
.find(d => d.startsWith('script-src'))
?.replace('script-src ', '')
.split(' ');
expect(scriptSrcValues).not.toContain('https:');
expect(scriptSrcValues).not.toContain('http:');
}
}
});

it('should handle report-only mode', () => {
const result = createContentSecurityPolicyHeaders(testHost, { reportOnly: true });

Expand All @@ -88,11 +110,11 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
const directives = headerValue.split('; ');
expect(directives).toContainEqual("default-src 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com",
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("form-action 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com",
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("img-src 'self' https://img.clerk.com");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'");
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -237,7 +259,7 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {

const directives = result.headers[0][1].split('; ');
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
`connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com https://api.example.com`,
`connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com https://api.example.com`,
);

const imgSrcDirective = directives.find(d => d.startsWith('img-src')) || '';
Expand All @@ -247,7 +269,7 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
expect(imgSrcDirective).toContain('https://images.example.com');

expect(directives).toContainEqual(
`frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://frames.example.com`,
`frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com https://frames.example.com`,
);
});

Expand All @@ -257,12 +279,12 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
const directives = result.headers[0][1].split('; ');

expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com",
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("default-src 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("form-action 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com",
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("img-src 'self' https://img.clerk.com");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'");
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -303,11 +325,11 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
const directives = result.headers[0][1].split('; ');

expect(directives).toContainEqual(
`connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com`,
`connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com`,
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual(`img-src 'self' https://img.clerk.com`);
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
`frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com`,
`frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com`,
);

expect(directives).toContainEqual(`default-src 'self'`);
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -369,12 +391,12 @@ describe('CSP Header Utils', () => {
const directives = result.headers[0][1].split('; ');

expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev clerk.example.com",
"connect-src 'self' https://clerk-telemetry.com https://*.clerk-telemetry.com https://api.stripe.com https://maps.googleapis.com https://img.clerk.com https://images.clerkstage.dev https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com clerk.example.com",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("default-src 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("form-action 'self'");
expect(directives).toContainEqual(
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com value1 value2",
"frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com https://*.js.stripe.com https://js.stripe.com https://hooks.stripe.com https://*.protect.clerk.com https://*.client.protect.clerk.com value1 value2",
);
expect(directives).toContainEqual("img-src 'self' https://img.clerk.com");
expect(directives).toContainEqual("style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'");
Expand Down
5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions packages/nextjs/src/server/content-security-policy.ts
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
import { constants } from '@clerk/backend/internal';

const clerkProtectionOrigins = ['https://*.protect.clerk.com', 'https://*.client.protect.clerk.com'];

/**
* Valid CSP directives according to the CSP Level 3 specification
*/
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicyDirectiveManager {
'https://maps.googleapis.com',
'https://img.clerk.com',
'https://images.clerkstage.dev',
...clerkProtectionOrigins,
],
'default-src': ['self'],
'form-action': ['self'],
Expand All @@ -112,6 +115,7 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicyDirectiveManager {
'https://*.js.stripe.com',
'https://js.stripe.com',
'https://hooks.stripe.com',
...clerkProtectionOrigins,
],
'img-src': ['self', 'https://img.clerk.com'],
'script-src': [
Expand All @@ -123,6 +127,7 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicyDirectiveManager {
'https://*.js.stripe.com',
'https://js.stripe.com',
'https://maps.googleapis.com',
...clerkProtectionOrigins,
],
'style-src': ['self', 'unsafe-inline'],
'worker-src': ['self', 'blob:'],
Expand Down
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