Support building on windows + migration to Buf for prototype type generation

[WhitWaldo]

Description

Updating the build scripts to use JavaScript instead of bash scripts so they're compatible on Windows (without resorting to use WSL). Further, because of issues using gRPC proto generation on Windows, I'm migrating to use Buf instead - updated all the types and tests to reflect this shift. No API changes - should be an entirely internal shift.

Supersedes #737

Issue reference

We strive to have all PR being opened based on an issue, where the problem or feature have been discussed prior to implementation.

Please reference the issue this PR will close: #[issue number]

Checklist

Please make sure you've completed the relevant tasks for this PR, out of the following list:

• Code compiles correctly
• Created/updated tests
• Extended the documentation

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (d1bf38a) to head (5cbc6bd).
⚠️ Report is 38 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main      #745   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files            1         1           
  Lines            6         6           
  Branches         1         1           
=========================================
  Hits             6         6           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.