Add code examples in a separate directory

examples/README.md

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+# Code examples
+*Note: the examples may contain code that does not work for the latest release build.*
+
+- (Godot objects)[./godot_objects.lua]
+- (Godot utility functions)[./godot_utility_functions.lua]
+- (Arrays)[./arrays.lua]
+- (Export to editor)[./export_to_editor.lua] - How to replace GDScript's `@export`. More property hints are listed (here)[https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_%40globalscope.html#enum-globalscope-propertyhint].
+- (Access singletons)[./singleton_access.lua]

examples/arrays.lua

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+-- Typed arrays
+-- Element type: int
+local int_array = Array[int]()
+-- Element type: Node
+local node_array = Array[Node]()
+
+-- Construct from table
+local array = Array{ "value 0", "value 1" }
+-- Godot Arrays are indexed from 0, instead of 1
+print(array[0])  -- "value 0"
+print(array[1])  -- "value 1"
+print(array[2])  -- nil
+
+-- Length
+print(array:size())  -- 2
+print(#array)        -- 2
+
+-- Runtime Variant type checking (also works for other variant types)
+print(Variant.is(array, Array))    -- true
+print(Variant.is(array, "Array"))  -- true
+-- Method syntax makes this a bit shorter
+print(array:is(Array))       -- true
+print(array:is(Dictionary))  -- false
+print(array:is(RefCounted))  -- false

examples/export_to_editor.lua

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+local MyScript = { extends = Node }
+
+MyScript.num = export(int)
+MyScript.node = export(Node2D)
+
+-- You can also provide a default value instead
+MyScript.boolean = export(true)
+
+-- Or for full control
+MyScript.angle = export({
+	type = float,
+	default = 0,
+	-- Restrict value to range
+	hint = PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE,
+	hint_string = "0,360,degrees",
+})
+
+MyScript.array = export(Array[Resource])
+
+MyScript.dict = export({
+	type = Dictionary[String][Node],
+	default = Dictionary[String][Node](),
+})
+
+return MyScript

examples/godot_objects.lua

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+-- Instantiate Godot objects
+local v = Vector3(1, 2, 3)
+print(v.x)  -- 1
+
+-- Note: use ":" instead of "." to call methods in Lua
+print(v:length())  -- 3.74165749549866
+
+local n = Node:new()
+print(n:is_inside_tree())  -- false
+n:queue_free()

examples/godot_utility_functions.lua

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+local d1 = Dictionary()
+local d2 = Dictionary()
+print(is_same(d1, d2))  -- false
+print(is_same(d2, d2))  -- true
+
+print(lerp(5, 10, 0.15))  -- 5.75

examples/projects/README.md

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+WIP

examples/singleton_access.lua

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+assert(OS == Engine:get_singleton("OS"))