Agribotix – Smart Agricultural Robot
Agribotix is a smart agricultural robot designed to automate essential farming tasks such as navigation, spraying, and environmental monitoring. The robot integrates mechanical, electronic, and software systems to create a reliable solution for modern precision agriculture.
🚜 Project Overview
Agribotix is a 4-wheel autonomous/remote-controlled agricultural robot capable of:
Navigating using GPS coordinates.
Automatic or manual steering.
Spraying water or insecticides based on humidity levels or farmer input.
Communicating wirelessly via ESP32.
Running 4 NEMA23 stepper motors for movement.
Providing a Wi-Fi control interface with real-time commands.
The system combines Arduino Mega, ESP32, GPS module, MPU6050, and various actuators to deliver a flexible and expandable platform for smart farming.
🛠 Hardware Components
Arduino Mega 2560 – main controller for motors, sensors, and spraying mechanisms
ESP32 – Wi-Fi communication, ESP-NOW protocol, and web interface
NEO-6M GPS module – coordinate tracking and navigation
MPU6050 – orientation and balance correction
4 × NEMA23 (3.5A) stepper motors – driving the wheels
Stepper motor drivers – one per motor
Servo motor – controls the sprayer
Humidity sensor – automatic spraying logic
Water/Insecticide sprayer module
4-wheel base with chain-driven front wheels
🧠 Core Features
- Manual & Automatic Navigation
Control via a mobile/PC web interface (hosted on ESP32)
Autonomous movement to saved GPS coordinates
Direction instructions (left, right, forward, stop) stored and recalled using ESP-NOW communication
- Smart Spraying System
Sprays automatically based on humidity threshold
Supports manual spraying on command
Controlled with an onboard servo mechanism
- Wireless Communication
ESP-NOW for fast low-power transmitter/receiver messaging
Wi-Fi AP mode to host a control page
Commands sent to Arduino Mega through UART
- Sensor Fusion
MPU6050 used for balancing and correcting the orientation
Real-time reading of GPS and IMU for reliable navigation
🧭 Navigation Logic
The receiver stores multiple GPS coordinate pairs as "direction checkpoints" and compares each new coordinate received from the sender to decide the next movement:
Left
Right
Forward
Backward
Stop
🚀 How to Run
Flash the ESP32 code to set up Wi-Fi + ESP-NOW communication
Flash the Arduino Mega code for motor control, MPU6050, and sprayer
Connect wiring as shown in /hardware/wiring_diagram
Power the robot (recommended: dual power supply, motors isolated)
Connect to the ESP32 Wi-Fi network and open the control page
Operate manually or enable automatic GPS navigation