[arrow] Update to 25.0.0

[raulcd]

• Changes comply with the maintainer guide.
• SHA512s are updated for each updated download.
• The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version, or no changes were necessary.
• Any fixed CI baseline and CI feature baseline entries are removed from that file, or no entries needed to be changed.
• All patch files in the port are applied and succeed.
• The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• Exactly one version is added in each modified versions file.

[raulcd]

The removed patch is not required anymore as it's already part of the new Arrow release:

• GH-50103: [C++] Missing iosfwd include in cpp/src/arrow/util/string_util.h apache/arrow#50101