Perform lifetime resolution on the AST for lowering

[cjgillot]

Lifetime resolution is currently implemented several times. Once during lowering in order to introduce in-band lifetimes, and once in the resolve_lifetimes query. However, due to the global nature of lifetime resolution and how it interferes with hygiene, it is better suited on the AST.

This PR implements a first draft of lifetime resolution on the AST. For now, we specifically target named lifetimes and everything we need to remove lifetime resolution from lowering. Some diagnostics have already been ported, and sometimes made more precise using available hygiene information. Follow-up PRs will address in particular the resolution of anonymous lifetimes on the AST.

We reuse the rib design of the current resolution framework. Specific LifetimeRib and LifetimeRibKind types are introduced. The most important variant is LifetimeRibKind::Generics, which happens each time we encounter something which may introduce generic lifetime parameters. It can be an item or a for<...> binder. The LifetimeBinderKind specifies how this rib behaves with respect to in-band lifetimes.

r? @petrochenkov

[rust-highfive]

Some changes occurred in src/tools/rustfmt.

cc @calebcartwright

[petrochenkov]

Blocked on #91403.

[cjgillot]

@bors r=petrochenkov

[bors]

📌 Commit 21b6d23 has been approved by petrochenkov

[bors]

⌛ Testing commit 21b6d23 with merge c95346b...

[bors]

☀️ Test successful - checks-actions
Approved by: petrochenkov
Pushing c95346b to master...

[rust-timer]

Finished benchmarking commit (c95346b): comparison url.

Summary:

• Primary benchmarks: no relevant changes found
• Secondary benchmarks: 🎉 relevant improvements found

	Regressions 😿 (primary)	Regressions 😿 (secondary)	Improvements 🎉 (primary)	Improvements 🎉 (secondary)	All 😿 🎉 (primary)
count1	0	0	0	3	0
mean2	N/A	N/A	N/A	-0.2%	N/A
max	N/A	N/A	N/A	-0.3%	N/A

If you disagree with this performance assessment, please file an issue in rust-lang/rustc-perf.

@rustbot label: -perf-regression

Footnotes

1. number of relevant changes ↩

2. the arithmetic mean of the percent change ↩

[oli-obk]

This caused a regression on nightly. The beta cutoff is somewhat soonish, so if we can't land a fix by next week we should revert and try again in a new pr

[oli-obk]

Regression issue: #96540