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Updated daily · View full CN list → · View full EN list →
市面上大多数运维学习路线存在同一个问题：只列工具名，不讲顺序、不讲深度、不讲在生产环境中怎么串联使用。
这份路线图不一样。它基于国内云厂商和大型互联网公司的实际运维经验编写，围绕三个递进阶段展开。每个模块都标注了真实生产环境需要掌握的深度——不是教材目录。
Most online learning paths share a common problem: they list tools without explaining the order, depth, or how they connect in real production environments.
This roadmap is built differently — from hands-on experience at cloud vendors and large-scale internet companies, structured around three progressive stages. Every module explicitly marks the depth needed in real work, not a textbook table of contents.**
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Stage 1 Can work independently 独立胜任日常工作 |
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Stage 2 Can design architecture 能够设计系统架构 |
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Stage 3 Can define team standards 定义团队标准与规范 |
| Language / 语言 | CN & EN maintained independently · 非机器翻译 · Not machine-translated |
| Content / 内容 | 15KB+ production notes per module · 每模块 15KB+ 生产实战笔记 |
| CN Focus / 中文侧重 | Aliyun / Tencent Cloud / 等保合规 Compliance / 基线扫描 Baseline / 国产化 Localization |
| EN Focus / 英文侧重 | AWS / GCP / SRE Book methodology / Global best practices |
适用场景：国内企业运维 · 应届求职 · 国产云（阿里云/腾讯云/华为云）· 等保合规 / 基线核查
| # | 模块 | 核心内容 | 学习产出 |
01 | Linux 基础 | 系统管理 · 文件权限 · 进程管理 · 内核调优 · systemd | 独立管理 50+ 台服务器日常运维 |
02 | Shell 编程 | Bash 编程 · awk/sed/grep · crontab 自动化 · 脚本健壮性 | 生产级自动化脚本（日志轮转/备份/告警） |
03 | 网络基础 | TCP/IP · DNS 解析链路 · iptables · tcpdump/wireshark | 排查网络延迟/超时/DNS 劫持类故障 |
04 | Docker 容器 | 镜像优化 · Dockerfile 最佳实践 · Compose · 网络存储 | 容器化应用，镜像体积缩减 60%+ |
05 | Nginx 实战 | 反向代理 · 负载均衡 · HTTPS/HTTP2 · 性能调优 | 承载万级 QPS 的 Web 接入层 |
06 | MySQL 数据库 | SQL 调优 · 主从复制/GTID · 备份策略 · 慢查询 | 设计 HA 数据库方案，恢复能力验证通过 |
07 | Kubernetes | 架构原理 · Pod 生命周期 · Deployment · Service/Ingress | 在 K8s 上跑起有状态服务（含数据库） |
08 | CI/CD 流水线 | Pipeline as Code · GitLab CI · 制品管理 · 安全扫描 | 代码提交到上线全自动化，耗时 < 10 分钟 |
09 | 监控体系 | Prometheus+Grafana · 指标设计 · 告警体系 · ELK 日志 | MTTD < 5 分钟，根因定位有据可查 |
10 | 公有云 & 云原生 | 阿里云/腾讯云 · Terraform IaC · 等保2.0 · 国产化替代 · 基线扫描 | 搭建符合等保三级要求的云架构 |
11 | SRE 工程化 | SLO/SLI/SLA · Error Budget · 故障复盘 · 容量规划 | 建立团队可用性目标体系和复盘机制 |
12 | Terraform IaC | HCL · Resource/Data Source · State 管理 · 模块化 | 基础设施代码化，变更全貌一目了然 |
For: Site Reliability Engineers · Platform Engineers · DevOps Practitioners · Cloud-native teams (AWS/GCP/Azure)
| # | Module | Key Topics | What You Build |
01 | Linux Fundamentals | System admin · Permissions · Processes · Kernel tuning · systemd | Manage 50+ production servers independently |
02 | Networking | TCP/IP stack · DNS chain · Firewalls · Packet analysis | Troubleshoot latency/timeout/DNS at protocol level |
03 | Shell & Automation | Bash scripting · Text processing · Cron patterns · Defensive scripts | Production-grade automation (rotation/backup/alerting) |
04 | Docker | Image optimization · Dockerfile best practices · Compose | Containerize apps with 60%+ image size reduction |
05 | Kubernetes | Architecture · Pod lifecycle · Deployments · Ingress · Storage | Run stateful workloads on K8s (including DBs) |
06 | CI/CD | Pipeline as Code · GitLab CI · Artifact mgmt · Security gates | Full automated deploy, sub-10-minute lead time |
07 | Nginx | Reverse proxy · Load balancing · HTTPS/HTTP2 · Tuning | Web tier handling 10k+ QPS |
08 | Monitoring & Observability | Prometheus+Grafana · Metric design · Alerting · ELK | MTTD < 5 min, root cause traceable |
09 | MySQL | Query optimization · Replication/GTID · Backups · Slow queries | Design HA database with verified recovery |
10 | Cloud Native & IaC | AWS/GCP/Azure · Terraform · Ansible · Service Mesh · FinOps | Production-grade multi-cloud infrastructure |
11 | SRE Handbook | SLO/SLI Engineering · Incident Command · Blameless Postmortem · On-call · Toil Elimination · Chaos Eng. | Establish availability targets, error budgets, blameless culture |
12 | Interview Prep | Behavioral questions · System design · Tech deep-dives · Compensation | Confidently pass SRE interviews at tier-1 companies |
| Resource | Description | Link |
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| 📖 Books / 书单 | Curated reading list for Ops / SRE / Cloud-native | View → |
| 🌐 Communities / 社区 | Active technical communities & forums | View → |
| 🧪 Labs / 实验 | Free online lab environments | View → |
| 🔥 Daily Discovery / 每日发现 | Full curated GitHub project lists | 中文 → · EN → |
Found an issue or have a great resource to share? 发现错误或有优质资源推荐？
- 🐛 Report issues / 提交问题 → Open an Issue
- 💡 Share resources / 分享资源 → Submit a PR
